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Brown Rice Variety Packs Antioxidant Punch CONTINUED FROM PAGE 10
traits." In the case of GEDrew, laboratory
additional
and field work revealed value in what initially appeared to be a genetic kernel oddity. "This is the only study
on a giant embryo rice mutant in the United States and one that's a tropical
rice adapted to the U.S. growing
japonica-type conditions,"
noted Chen, who co-au- thored a paper on the finding in the November 2019 issue of Cereal Chemistry together with McClung, Casey Grimm at the ARS Southern Re- gional Research Center in
New Orleans,
Louisiana, and Christine Bergman (formerly with ARS) at the University of Nevada in Las Vegas. McClung said their re-
search has a two-fold purpose: to broaden the
market opportunities for U.S. growers and to en- hance the nutritional value of rice, a staple food for more than half the world's population. In its whole-grain (unre- fined) form, rice can pro- vide a key source of not only protein, vitamins and minerals, but also insoluble fiber, essential fatty acids and bioactive compounds thought to contribute to dietary health.
Harrington Seed Destructor CONT. FROM FRONT PG.
of the Department of Crop Sciences at U of I. “Producers are excited about it.” In the current study,
Davis and his collabora- tors wanted to see how the Harrington Seed De- structor (HSD), an im- pact mill developed and widely used in Australia, handled common U.S. agronomic weeds with- out the complications of real field conditions. The researchers col-
lected seeds from 10 common weed species in soybean fields in the U.S. Midwest and Mid- Atlantic regions. They fed the seeds through a stationary HSD, and then tried germinating them in a greenhouse and in the field following a typical Illinois winter. Davis says 0 to 15 per-
cent of the seeds ap- peared to be undamaged immediately
after
milling, regardless of species and seed size. But when the undam- aged seeds were buried in the field and left
through the winter, fewer than 10 percent survived. “Basically, al- most zero survived over- all.” Based on his previous
research, Davis thinks microscopic abrasions from the impact mill damage the seed coat enough for microbes to enter and destroy the embryonic weed inside. Can producers expect
nearly zero weed seed survival when using the HSD or other impact mills in the field? Proba- bly not. Davis and his collaborators have been conducting U.S. field tri- als with the HSD for five years, and typically see a reduction in weed seed rain by 70 to 80 percent. “The difference be-
tween its efficacy as a stationary device and its efficacy in the field is largely due to shattering of the weeds,” Davis ex- plains. “As the combine is going through, it's shaking everything and causing a lot of seed dis- persal. By looking at the
16• MidAmerica Farmer Grower
www.mafg.net / February 7, 2020
HSD as a stationary de- vice, we’re able to quan- tify the theoretical max.” Whether impact mills
kill 70 or 99 percent of weed seeds, non-chemi- cal control strategies are important in slowing the evolution of herbicide re- sistance. However, over- reliance on any one strategy could select for additional problematic traits in weeds. “If producers start
using this device on a large scale, they will ulti- mately select for earlier shattering. It’s already been shown in Aus- tralia,” Davis
says.
“That's just the nature of weed and pest manage- ment in general. Really what you're doing is managing evolution. In order for any tactic to be successful, you’ve got to change it up. You need to confuse them; add di- versity in the time of year and life stages you're tar- geting. We’re just pro- posing this as a new tactic that's effective – not the only tactic.”
∆
The Agricultural Re-
search Service is the U.S. Department of Agri- culture's chief scientific in-house
research
agency. Daily, ARS fo- cuses on solutions to agricultural problems affecting America. Each dollar invested in agri- cultural research results in $20 of economic im- pact.
∆
U Of A System Division CONTINUED FROM PAGE 7
develop modeling tools that producers can use to help project their yield based on different vari- ables. “With new access to a
broad set of agricultural data and the tools to make predictive models that help
our producers, it’s an ex- citing time for Arkansas agriculture and the Uni- versity of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture,” Davis said. The project
is being
funded in part by a $5,000 grant from Microsoft Azure for cloud-based services. ∆
Call Butch or Bill
2452 Old Orchard Road Jackson, MO
agrisystems.org 573-204-1955
Winter Discounts Available Now
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