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6.1.4 In bicameral systems, only a popularly elected house shall have the power to bring down government.


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6.1.5 A chamber where a majority of members are not directly or indirectly elected n/a may not indefinitely deny or reject a money bill. 6.2.1 In a bicameral legislature there shall be clearly defined roles for each chamber n/a in the passage of legislation.


6.2.2 The legislature shall have the right to override an executive veto. 6.3.1. Opportunities shall be given for public input into the legislative process.


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6.3.2 Information shall be provided to the public in a timely manner regarding matters  under consideration by the legislature.


7.1.1 The legislature shall have mechanisms to obtain information from the executive  branch sufficient to exercise its oversight function in a meaningful way.


7.1.2 The oversight authority of the legislature shall include meaningful oversight of the n/a military security and intelligence services.


7.1.3 The oversight authority of the legislature shall include meaningful oversight of state-owned enterprises.





7.2.1 The legislature shall have a reasonable period of time in which to review the proposed national budget.


However, claims of commercial-in- confidence status have been viewed as an impediment to oversight through out the years. 


7.2.2 Oversight committees shall provide meaningful opportunities for X minority or opposition parties to engage in effective oversight of government expenditures.Typically, the public accounts committee will be chaired by a member of the opposition party.


The ACT Legislative Assembly has a proud record with respect to this benchmark.While in other jurisdictions governments have used their numbers to install a government chair to this position, the Assembly has consistently had an opposition chair in the role. However, recently the opposition chair of the Public Accounts committee was deposed by a vote of its membership and a member of the Crossbench assumed the Chair as a result. I would argue that the fact that the Chair remains a non-government member means that the spirit of this benchmark is being met by the Assembly.


7.2.3 Oversight committees shall have access to records of executive branch accounts  and related documentation sufficient to be able to meaningfully review the accuracy of executive branch reporting on its revenues and expenditures. 7.2.4 There shall be an independent, non-partisan Supreme or National Audit Office whose reports are tabled in the legislature in a timely manner.





7.2.5 The supreme or national audit office shall be provided with adequate resources  and legal authority to conduct audits in a timely manner.


7.3.1 The legislature shall have mechanisms to impeach or censure officials of the 


executive branch, or express no-confidence in the government. 7.3.2 If the legislature expresses no confidence in the government the government is  obliged to offer its resignation. If the head of state agrees that no other alternative government can be formed, a general election should be held.


8.1.1 The legislature shall provide all legislators with adequate and appropriate resources  to enable the legislators to fulfil their constituency responsibilities.


8.2.1 The legislature shall have the right to receive development assistance to strengthen n/a the institution of Parliament.


312 The Parliamentarian 2008/Issue Four


Benchmarks for Democratic Legislatures


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