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ENERGY SAVING EQUIPMENT
in theory, its low critical temperature and high critical pressure translates into greater strengthened parts or additional components to investment – something which end-users may or may not choose to undertake. Heat exchangers are a perfect example of this economic conundrum. Their accurate dimensioning represents a considerable cost, and is therefore, sometimes heat waves demonstrated how water spraying is regrettably becoming a common way to cope with poorly dimensioned heat exchangers, which led to further wastage in a period when water scarcity is already of critical concern. Water cooling is not limited to incorrectly- sized heat exchangers. Additional water-based where ambient air is also pre-cooled with the use of water, are often needed by transcritical CO2
systems operating in higher ambient
the one resource to function which is most scarce during heatwaves and droughts is challenging from an ecological perspective to say the least.
The documented failures of transcritical CO2 systems during the recent heatwave have put
these various drawbacks into sharp focus. The comparatively higher pressures at which these systems operate – relative to comparable HFO- based installations under the same ambient conditions – lead to yet another serious issue: the near total discharge of refrigerant into the atmosphere during failure. In order to restart a CO2
system, already a
painstaking task given their complex design, can be determinant in whether the stored food, medicine or goods survive the refrigeration failure, or not.
Even without a total system failure, the additional mechanical stresses which characterise these systems often lead to increased noise and vibrations, adding to the
Striking the right balance While GWP remains a key metric of the environmental impact of refrigerants, real-world
conditions show that system reliability is a critical truly measure up. When systems fail, the cause economic, reputational, and ecological Low-GWP HFO refrigerants such as R-454A and R-454C do not share the same GWP rating as R-744 (CO2
), but boast multiple, tangible
costs – HFOs represent a pragmatic, reliable, and ecological refrigeration solution not just on paper, but also in practice. Improving reliability and long-term sustainability of our cold chain can be achieved through cooperating and sharing learnings across the value chain. Several alternatives are today available in terms of refrigerants refrigeration industry as each presents strengths and draw backs which should be evaluated application.
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www.acr-news.com • January 2023 11
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