9.13 References


Ainslie, M. A., Harrison, C. H. and Burns, P. W. (1994). Reverberation modelling with INSIGHT. Proc Institute of Acoustics, 16, (6), 105-112.


Bailey, H., Senior, B., Simmons, D., Rusin, J., Picken, G. and Thompson, P. M. (2010). Assessing underwater noise levels during pile-driving at an offshore wind farm and its potential effects on marine mammals, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60, pp. 888-897.


Bochert, R. & Zettler, M.L. (2004). Long-term exposure of several marine benthic animals to static magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 25: 498-502.


Bolle, L. J., de Jong, C. A. F., Bierman, S., de Hann, D., Huijer, T., Kaptein, D., Lohman,M., Tribuhl, S., van Beek, P., van Damme, C. J. G., van den Berg, F., van der Heul, J., van Keeken, O., Wessels, P. and Winter, E. (2011). Effect of piling noise on the survival of fish larvae (pilot study). IMARES Report number CO92/11.


Bolle, L. J., de Jong, C. A. F., Bierman, S., van Beek, P., van Keeken, O., Wessels, P., van Damme, C. J. G., Winter, E., de Hann, D. and Dekeling, R. P. A. (2012). Common Sole Larvae Survive High Levels of Pile-Driving Sound in Controlled Exposure Experiments. PLoS ONE, 7(3), pp.e33052 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033052.


Brandt,M., Diederichs, A., Betke, K. and Nehls, G. (2011). Responses of harbour porpoises to pile driving at the Horns Rev II offshore windfarm in the Danish North Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 421, 205-215.


Carlson, T. Hastings,M. and Popper, A. N. (2007). Memorandum – Update on Recommendations for Revised Interim Sound Exposure Criteria for Fish during Pile Driving Activities. Sent to California Dept. of Trans and Washington Dept. of Trans.


Cefas (2009). Strategic Review of Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring Data Associated with FEPA Licence Conditions, Fish. Available at: <http://www.cefas.defra.gov.uk/media/393525/annex-2-fish.pdf>. Accessed 05/05/14.


CMACS (2003). A baseline assessment of electromagnetic fields generated by offshore windfarm cables. COWRIE Report1.0 EMF - 01-2002 66.


Coates, R. (1988). An Empirical Formula for Computing the Beckmann-Spizzichino Surface Reflection Loss Coefficient. IEEE Trans Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control, 35(4), 522-523.


De Jong C. A. F., Ainslie M. A., Blacquière G. (2011). Standard for measurement and monitoring of underwater noise, Part II: procedures for measuring underwater noise in connection with offshore windfarm licensing, TNO Report TNO-DV 2011 C251.


Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014


East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm


Chapter 9 Underwater Noise Page 23


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