SENSORS | ARTICLE
Te objective of the project is to “deploy a sensor network and model the environmental conditions as they relate to HVAC performance. Te next steps include monitoring occupant’s behaviour/presence and connecting the network directly to the control system of the HVAC system to achieve optimum performance versus cost,” stated Prof. Lynch.
Smart Transport
Smart transport is another major IoT opportunity. Major drivers for the adoption of these systems are vehicle, passenger and pedestrian safety, convenience, fuel efficiency and environmental pollution. Not only are sensors being implemented in large numbers for autonomous vehicles (not to be covered in this article) but in the roadways, tunnels, bridges and train tracks that are ubiquitous in our overall transport infrastructure. Libellium has designed and installed a system of sensor platorms that will measure the presence (or lack thereof) of parked vehicles. As part of the European Framework 7 Program, it has instrumented a 1000 node system in Santander, Spain, that uses its Waspmote open system architecture platorm. Te 400-node parking
Te Bob and Bety Beyster Computer Science Building at the University of Michigan has recently been instrumented by Prof. Jerry Lynch of the Center for Wireless MicroSensing and Systems (
www.wims2.org) with 15 ‘Martlet’ wireless sensor nodes consisting of a total of 45 channels of temperature, humidity and CO2
sensors.
monitoring system includes magnetic sensors, signal conditioning electronics, 7-10 year life batery and a radio in a 12 cm diameter package (figure 3 overleaf). Te measured information is transmited to an access point on a nearby lamp post and the data then gets transmited to the cloud and processed. Te processed data is sent to the parking department headquarters where it gets analysed and then sent to displays on the street as well as to mobile phones/tablets/computers to direct vehicles to the appropriate available parking spots. Additionally, another 600 node system is mounted on lamp posts and uses CO2
sensors to measure air
quality as well as light level sensors to measure the ambient light that will control the street light illumination.
A similar parking system, called SF Park (
www.sfpark.org), was installed in 2011 in San Francisco in 7,000 street parking and city- owned garage parking spaces. Tis very successful pilot programme co-funded by the San Francisco Municipal Parking Agency (20%) and the US Department of Transportation (80%) determines the status of parking spaces and informs individuals of their existence via mobile phones/tablets. Additionally, it provides information to traffic enforcement when a parking meter is expired as well as having capability to provide ‘dynamic pricing’ for parking, based on having availability. Tese options can become revenue producers and should add to their rapid adoption by municipalities. Tis application certainly ranks as a major accomplishment in the process of creating a ‘smart’ city of San Francisco.
>> Continued on page 42
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41 | commercial micro manufacturing international Vol 7 No.6
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