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the common injury patterns alongside their potential causes of foot and ankle injuries in sport and the latest concepts of rehabilitation.


FURTHER RESOURCES n Association of Foot & Ankle Physiotherapists UK: http://spxj.nl/OSF0VU


n British Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society: http://spxj.nl/Td5vrE


n MSK: Lower lLmb Musculoskeletal Interest Group: http://www.mskuk. org/


n An excellent description of common foot & ankle disorders and their associated mechanics can be found at: http://www.foothyperbook.com/


References 1. Watt B, Armstrong B. A randomised controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of double tubigrip in grade 1 and 2 (mild to moderate) ankle sprains. Emergency Medicine Journal 2001;18(1):46–50 2. Fong D, Hong Y, et al. A Systematic Review on Ankle Injury and Ankle Sprain in Sports. Sports Medicine 2007;37(1):73–94 3. Malliaropoulos N, Ntessalen M, et al. Reinjury after acute lateral ankle sprains in elite track and field athletes. American Journal of Sports Medicine 2009;39(9):1755–1761 4. Bennell K, Malcolm S, et al. Models for the pathogenesis of stress fractures in athletes. British Journal of Sports Medicine 1996;30:200–204 5. Zadpoor A, Nikooyan A. The relationship between lower extremity stress fractures and the ground reaction force: a systematic review. Clinical Biomechanics 2011;26:23– 28 6. Cumps E, Verhagen E, Meeusen R. Prospective epidemiological study of basketball injuries during one competitive season: ankle injuries and overuse knee injuries. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2007;6:212–219 7. Chalmers D. Injury prevention in sport: not yet part of the game. Injury Prevention 2002;8(Suppl IV):22–25 8. Young M. English Cricket Board injury surveillance report, 2011. The England and Wales Cricket Board, Lord’s Cricket Ground, London, NW8 8QZ. Personal communication 9. Walker H, Carr D, et al. Injury to recreational and professional cricket players: circumstance, type and potential for intervention. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2010;42(6):2094– 2098


10. Orchard J, James T, et al. Fast bowlers in cricket demonstrate up to 3- to 4-week delay between high workloads and increased risk of injury. The American Journal of Sports Science 2009;37(6):1186–1192 11. Andersen T, Waale Floerenes T, et al. Video


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analysis of the mechanism for ankle injuries in Football. American Journal of Sports Medicine 2004;23(1):S69–S79 12. Otago L. Kinetic analysis of landing in netball: is footwork rule change required to decrease ACL injuries? Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 2004;7(1):85–95 13. Lavipour D. Development of a netball specific dynamic balance assessment. Dissertation submitted as part of Masters to Auckland University of Technology, 2009 14. McManus A, Stevenson M, Finch C. Incidence and risk factors for injury in non-elite netball. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 2006;9(1):119–124 15. Hopper D, Elliot B Lalor J. A descriptive epidemiology of netball injuries during competition: a five year study. British Journal of Sports Medicine 1995;29(4)223–228 16. Sankey R, Brooks J, et al. The epidemiology of ankle injuries in professional rugby union players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2008;36(12):2415– 2424


If you have a current subscription to this journal, please login at www.sportex.net to view the articles mentioned below. If you don’t have a subscription, it is possible to purchase some back issues invididually at the following link: http://www.sportex.net/back- issues-c-22.html


TH


THE AUTHOR


Fraser McKinney MCSP is the head physiotherapist and performance lead for the British Basketball team. He has


etball team.


held this role for the past 5 years and during this time has undertaken postgraduate research into ankle injuries within sport and designed a series of lectures on the topic of ‘The sporting foot & ankle’ for Health Education Seminars (HES). His previous work has involved working with a range of sports through the Talented Athlete Scholarship Scheme (TASS) while continuing to focus on international athletics, Superleague netball and professional basketball. Recently, along with four other colleagues, he has founded the Association of Foot & Ankle Physiotherapists UK (http://spxj.nl/OSF0VU) (AFAP) to promote the sharing of evidence based knowledge while offering a forum for discussion and research around the topic of the ‘foot & ankle’.


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n In Table 1 how would you rank the potential risk factors for developing a foot & ankle injury in order of most significant?


n Why is there such a large jump in the incident rate of ankle injuries between training and games?


DISCUSSIONS


n What sport is reported to: a) have the highest ankle injury rate?


b) demonstrate the highest percentage of ankle injuries as part of their overall injuries?


c) have the highest number of foot or ankle fractures? d) demonstrate the longest time out from training & games post ankle injury? online


Slideshows x 3


Ankle anatomy Ankle movements Ankle resources sportEX dynamics 2012;34(October):10-14


If you have a current subscription, login at www.sportex.net to view these slideshows online or tap on the images below if you are on the iPad app.


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