Appendix 3: Notes on data sources used for the maps Layers used in most of the maps

Hillshade generated from SRTM 90m DEM available from the CGIAR website (http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/). Bathymetry from the ETOPO1 Global Relief Model downloaded from: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/global/global.html Sumatran orangutan distribution shapefile prepared by Singleton and Wich and based on Wich et al. 2008 with unpublished data added. Forest layer interpreted by PanEco/ YEL, 2010 from Landsat 5 TM, 2009 and Landsat ETM 7 filled, 2010.

Layers used in individual maps

Map Overview

Elevation and orangutan distribution Annual rainfall

Administrative layer Conservation area and Leuser Ecosystem

Layers and explanation

Landsat mosaics (approx 2000) scenes N-46-00, N-46-05, N-47-00 and N-47-05 downloaded from the GLCF website (http://glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/data/landsat/), University of Maryland, USA. Elevation shown is SRTM 90M DEM available from the CGIAR website (http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/).

Shapefile for lakes digitized by PanEco/YEL from Landsat mosaics (see above overview). Rainfall layer adapted from Grid (1km) of Average Annual Rainfall (Zone29) downloaded from the WorldClim website (http://www.worldclim.org).

Provincial, District and Municipal boundaries from Provincial Development Agencies (Bappeda) of Aceh and N.Sumatra Provinces, and the 1:50,000 Bakosurtanal Topographic maps for Indonesia.

Gunung Leuser NP boundary (SK276) provided by Balai Besar Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser based on MoF Decree SK 276/Kpts-II/1997; Gunung Leuser NP boundary (SK170) and other conservation areas in Aceh shown on map “Peta Penunjukan Kawasan Hutan dan Perairan Propinsi NAD, 1:2,000,000. SK170/Kpts-II/2000. Te Leuser Ecosystem Boundary provided by the Leuser Ecosystem management body (BPKEL) based on MoF decree “Pengesahan Batas Kawasan Ekosis- tem Leuser di Propinsi DI Aceh” SK 190/Kpts-II/2001 and MoF decree “Pengesahan Batas Kawasan Ekosistem Leuser di Propinsi Sumatera Utara” SK 10193/Kpts-II/2002.

Orangutan ecological zones Megafauna habitat

Orangutan distribution divided into zones by PanEco based on habitat type (forest on peat swamp and forest on mineral soils)

Map compiled and adapted from species distribution data made available by Flora and Fauna International (FFI), Leuser International Foundation (LIF), Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), the Aceh Govern- ment’s Leuser Ecosystem Management Agency (BPKEL), the Gunung Leuser National Park Authority (BBTNGL). Rhinoceros distribution previously published in Te Road Map for Saving Sumatra Ecosys- tem: Sumatra’s Vision 2020 by Government of Republic of Indonesia. Data on elephant distribution sup- plied by BPKEL and LIF for the Leuser Ecosystem and FFI for Ulu Masen. Data on tiger distribution pro- vided by WCS, LIF and BBTNGL, and adapted from data published in Wibisono H. T. and Pusparini, W. 2010. Sumatran tiger (Panthera Tigris Sumatrae): A review of conservation status. Intergr Zool 5: 309-318.

Forest cover change between 1985 and 2007 Roads

Plantations and orangutan distribution Land cover change – Tripa

Land use change Leuser Ecosystem Timber concessions and orangutan distribution

Mining exploration areas and orangutan distribution Human relative population density

Laumonier et al. 2010

Provincial, District and Municipal boundaries from Provincial Development Agencies (Bappeda) and the 1:50,000 Bakosurtanal Topographic maps for Indonesia.

Boundaries of Plantation concessions in the Tripa area digitized by PanEco/YEL based on concession rights maps issued by National Land Agency of Aceh Province, and for other region as shown on map adapted from LMU/LDP data based on National Land Agencies of Aceh Province and Langkat District.

Tata, H. L. and van Noordwijk, M. 2010. Human Livelihoods, Ecosystem Services and the Habitat of the Sumatran Orangutan: Rapid Assessment in Batang Toru and Tripa. Bogor, Indonesia: World Agroforestry Centre/ICRAF Southeast Asia Regional Office.

Deforestation data based on Laumonier et al. 2010. Land use change analyses conducted by PanEco/ YEL based on a combined supervised and visual interpretation.

Regional I, Planologi Office (BPKH Wil I), Forestry Ministry of Indonesia, 2008. Aceh concessions are also shown on a map that can be downloaded from the Minestry of Forestry website: Peta Perse- baran Areal HPH Propinsi NAD, Badan Planologi Kehutanan, DepHut 2003.

Mining Offices (Dinas Pertambangan) of North Sumatra and Aceh Provinces.

Te Relative Population Density layer was prepared by PanEco/YEL from official population statistics of Aceh and North Sumatra (Central Bureau of Statistics) for 2008-2009 and the shapefiles for human habitations of the 1:50,000 Bakosurtanal Topographic maps for Indonesia, with additional points for populations (such as in the Alas valley) not shown in these maps. NB. Data for some areas of North Sumatra (but not adjacent to orangutan habitat) are not shown (e.g. Nias island).

82