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Jobbing foundry A metalcasting facility that manufactures castings not intended for use in its own product.


Ladle A container used to transfer molten metal from the fur- nace to the mold (Fig. 7). Locating pad A projection on a casting that helps maintain alignment of the casting for machining operations. Locating surface A casting surface to be used as a basis for measurement in making secondary machining operations.


Lost foam A casting process in which a foam pattern is placed in a flask filled with loose sand, and molten metal is poured onto the pattern, replacing its shape and form- ing a casting. Machinability Index or rate of removal by machining meth- ods, usually expressed as cutting speed in surface ft./minute or depth of cut.


Master pattern The object from which a die can be made; generally a metal model of the part to be cast with process shrinkage added.


Martemping The process of quenching an austenitized ferrous alloy to the upper portion of the martensitic forma- tion temperature range and holding it until the temperature throughout the alloy is uniform. Mechanical properties Those properties of a material that reveal the elastic and inelastic properties when force is applied. This term should not be used interchangeably with “physical properties.”


Melting range Pure metals melt at one definite temperature, but


constituents of alloys melt at different temperatures; the variation from the lowest to the highest is called the melting range.


Metal lot A master heat that has been approved for casting and given a sequential number by the metalcaster.


Misrun Denotes an irregularity of the casting surface caused by incomplete filling of the mold so that the casting is not fully formed.


Mold Normally consists of a top and bottom form, made of sand, metal or any other investment material. It contains the cavity into which molten metal is poured to produce a casting of definite shape.


Mold cavity The impression in a mold produced by removal of the pattern. It is filled with molten metal to form the casting. Mold coating (See core wash.) Nobake process Molds/cores produced with a resin-bonded, air-setting sand. Also known as the airset process because molds are left to harden under atmospheric conditions. Nodular iron (See ductile iron). Normalizing A heat treatment in which ferrous alloys are heated to a suitable temperature above the transformation range and then cooled in still air to room temperature.


Offal Material that is trimmed off of a die-casting to separate it from the shot and/or clean the parting line. Orientation The position of a part or tool in a production operation. Overaging Aging a nonferrous, precipitation-hardening al- loy under conditions of time and temperature greater than those required to obtain maximum strength and hardness. Oxidation a) A reaction of an element with oxygen. b) Any process which increases the proportion of oxygen or acid-forming element or radical in a compound.


Parting line The line showing the sepa- ration of the two halves of the mold. Pattern The wood, metal, foam or plastic shape used to form the cavity in the sand. A pattern may consist of one or many impressions and would normally be mounted on a board or plate complete with a runner system. Pattern draft (See draft.) Pattern injection In investment cast- ing, the process of filling the pattern die with expendable material, usually in the liquid or plastic state.


Pattern layout Full-sized drawing of a pattern showing its arrangement and structural features. Patternmaker’s shrinkage The shrinkage allowance made on all patterns to compensate for the change in dimensions as the solidi- fied casting cools in the mold from freezing temperature of the metal to room temperature. The pattern is made larger by the amount of shrinkage characteristic of the par- ticular metal in the casting and the amount of resulting contraction to be encountered.


46 Metal Casting Design & PurChasing 2010 Casting sourCe DireCtory


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