NEWSWIRE


WHO reveals leading causes of death and disability worldwide from 2000 to 2019


FAST STATS 7%


overall decrease in CLABSIs between 2018 and 2019 with the largest decrease in NICUs (13%).


overall decrease in CAUTIs between 2018 and 2019 with the largest decrease in ICUs (12%).


8% 2%


overall increase in VAEs between 2018 and 2019 with an increase observed in ICUs.


approximate decrease in hospital onset C. difficile infections between 2018 and 2019.


18% 3%


overall decrease in central line device


utilization between 2018 and 2019 with the largest decrease in ICUs (3%).


7%


overall decrease in urinary catheter device utilization between 2018 and 2019 with the largest decrease in wards (7%).


3%


overall increase in ventilator utilization between 2018 and 2019 with increase observed in ICUs.


1


in 31 patients approximately each day has at least one infection in association with his or her hospital care, underscoring the need for improvements in patient care practices in U.S. healthcare facilities.


Citation: 2019 National and State Healthcare-Associated Infections Progress Report, Executive Summary, https://www.cdc.gov/hai/ data/portal/progress-report.html#2018


Photo credit: elenabsl | stock.adobe.com 6


Noncommunicable diseases now make up seven of the world’s top 10 causes of death, according to the World Health Organiza- tion’s (WHO’s) 2019 Global Health Esti- mates, announced the organization. This is an increase from four of the 10 leading causes in 2000. The new data cover the period from 2000 to 2019 inclusive. The estimates reveal trends over the last


two decades in mortality and morbidity caused by diseases and injuries. They clearly highlight the need for an intensified global focus on preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, as well as tackling injuries, in all regions of the world, as set out in the agenda for the UN Sustainable Development Goals. As of Dec. 9, 2020, COVID-19 has tragi- cally claimed more than 1.5 million lives. People living with pre-existing health con- ditions (such as heart disease, diabetes and respiratory conditions) are at higher risk of complications and death due to COVID-19. Health authorities worldwide depend on


timely, reliable and actionable data to make informed decisions – this is especially true during a global pandemic. The next update to these estimates will include an assess- ment of the direct and indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality and morbidity. “These new estimates are another reminder that we need to rapidly step up prevention, diagnosis and treatment of non- communicable diseases,” said Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO. “They highlight the urgency of drastically improving primary health care equitably and holistically. Strong primary health care is clearly the foundation on which everything rests, from combatting noncommunicable diseases to managing a global pandemic.” Heart disease remains the number one


killer; diabetes and dementia enter the top 10.


Heart disease has remained the leading cause of death at the global level for the last 20 years. However, it is now killing more people than ever before. The number of deaths from heart disease increased by more than two million since 2000, to nearly nine million in 2019. Heart disease now represents 16 percent of total deaths from all causes.


Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia are now among the top 10 causes of death worldwide, ranking 3rd in both the Americas and Europe in 2019. Women are disproportionally affected: globally, 65


January 2021 • HEALTHCARE PURCHASING NEWS • hpnonline.com


percent of deaths from Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia are women. Deaths from diabetes increased by 70 percent globally between 2000 and 2019, with an 80 percent rise in deaths among males. In the Eastern Mediterranean, deaths from diabetes have more than doubled and represent the greatest percentage increase of all WHO regions.


In 2019, pneumonia and other lower respiratory infections were the deadli- est group of communicable diseases and together ranked as the fourth leading cause of death. However, compared to 2000, lower respiratory infections were claiming fewer lives than in the past, with the global number of deaths decreasing by nearly half a million.


HIV/AIDS dropped from the 8th lead- ing cause of death in 2000 to the 19th in 2019, reecting the success of efforts to prevent infection, test for the virus and treat the disease over the last two decades. While it remains the fourth leading cause of death in Africa, the number of deaths has dropped by more than half, falling from over one million in 2000 to 435,000 in 2019 in Africa. Tuberculosis is also no longer in the global top 10, falling from 7th place in 2000 to thir- teenth in 2019, with a 30 percent reduction in global deaths. Yet, it remains among the top 10 causes of deaths in the African and South-East Asian regions, where it is the 8th and 5th leading cause respectively. Africa saw an increase in tuberculosis mortality after 2000, though this has started to decline in the last few years.


The new estimates also emphasize the


toll that communicable diseases still take in low-income countries: six of the top 10 causes of death in low-income countries are still communicable diseases, includ- ing malaria (6th), tuberculosis (8th) and HIV/AIDS (9th). Meanwhile, in recent years, WHO reports highlight an overall concerning slow-down or plateauing of progress against infectious diseases like HIV, tuberculosis and malaria. The estimates further confirm the grow- ing trend for longevity: in 2019, people were living more than six years longer than in 2000, with a global average of more than 73 years in 2019 compared to nearly 67 in 2000. ut on average, only five of those additional years were lived in good health. Injuries are another major cause of disability and death: there has been a sig- nificant rise in road traffic inuries in the African region since 2000, with an almost 50 percent increase in both death and healthy life-years lost. Similar but slightly smaller increases (at around 40 percent) were also observed for the Eastern Mediterranean


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