AdvancedManufacturing or
dvancedManufacturing..org
Wisniewski points to IEC 62443, a series of standards for securing industrial control systems, as an eff ective rubric to progressively shore up ICS security.
That set of standards is criti- cal because it is “not just about the components and it’s not just about the development process,” he said. “It’s also about the sys- tems level and the policies and the governance and the oversight, and a common terminology.” Another disadvantage for US
manufacturing is the complexity of the industrial supply chain.
Ensuring the integrity of all of the components of a vast machine like an airplane is a monumental task. In other words, manufacturers
Ken Modeste of Underwriters Laboratories:
Manufacturers need a “bill of materials” for software that mimics what they do for hardware.
aren’t just tasked with “protecting their own interests and intellectual property, but the interests and viability of their customer’s products, reputation and services, as well,” said Nathan Wenzler, principal security architect at AsTech Consulting.
Cybersecurity specialists who focus on manufacturing
have therefore tried to develop a clearer and more traceable picture of the supply chain. Many manufacturers have a hardware “bill of materials,”
or list of all hardware components in products, but no such list for software, according to Ken Modeste, global security principal engineer at testing organization UL. That is a signifi cant shortcoming, he said. Take, for example, OpenSSL, one of the most popular open-source libraries for cryptography. Without tracking updates to OpenSSL, a manufacturer will be in the dark to newly discovered vulnerabilities and their corresponding software patches, Modeste pointed out. UL in April introduced a cybersecurity assurance pro-
gram to help manufacturers and other asset owners assess the security of the software in their supply chains. UL has some 70,000 clients, Modeste said, and the goal of the program is to drive adoption of the security assessment so that a factory asks for a software bill of materials before it acquires a product. There are other initiatives afoot that will have implica- tions for manufacturing supply-chain security.
The Digital Manufacturing Design and Innovation
Institute (DMDII), a federally funded, public-private orga- nization based in Chicago, has been developing an open- source platform to give manufacturers big and small the ability to share design models. The platform’s code is open source, which gives small and medium-sized fi rms “the ability to communicate using modern digital tools that we’ve seen in the past work very well but that had this cost issue, or maybe even expertise issue, [that was] hard to overcome,” said Ben Beckmann, lead scientist at GE Global Research, a collaborator on the project. The hope is that by giving manufacturers a common language in which to compare supply inputs, “we can smooth out the rough edges across our engineering-man- ufacturing supply chain,” he said.
Shots across the bow Nothing seems to have the eff ect on companies’ at-
tention to cybersecurity investments and best practices as a major breach that makes national headlines. All the preaching and prodding from cybersecurity advisers behind closed doors seems to pale in comparison to the impact of having your proprietary data dumped online. Manufacturers have experienced a handful of breaches
that cyber practitioners point to as teachable moments. The fi rst is Stuxnet, the computer worm reportedly unleashed in November 2007 by US and Israeli intelligence
25
March 2017
Photo courtesy UL
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