HPC YEARBOOK 2021/22


AI and HPC end-use cases are seeing an increasing trend towards demographic data because now we can collect more data, data is


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becoming more complex, and compute nodes are getting more and more powerful


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are not capable of supporting any more downsizing in the manufacturing process. There’s a limit to that. You can play with semiconductor architecture in terms of the transistor channel layout, voltage control, conducting and non- conducting channel width – you can play with all those things, but in the end, there’s a physical limitation. The reason I talked about this is that


as you go into the AI, data will get larger and when it gets larger, the AI models, the neural networks will become larger. So if the size and complexity of data are increasing and models are getting larger


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it means that one, two or three GPUs in a system will no longer be enough for AI training. You need six, seven, eight or even 20 in a single system. If you go on like this, there’s no limit, there’s no end to adding more GPU cards. So how do we solve the problem? One aspect of this topic is how the physicist will solve the problem with semiconductor material to make it more capable of retaining data and transmitting data faster in large quantities. These problems will be solved in the


next five years. But as you know, the IT industry moves fast, and no one has


time to wait five years. So an immediate solution to this topic is the second aspect of the topic, which is leading to immediate changes in the CPU and GPU architectures in the next two years, in 2022, and 2023. What do I mean by CPU and GPU


architecture changes? Data is getting heavier, larger, and therefore you need more memory, faster compute, minimised latency in data transfer, and also compute speed. And with the challenges that we’re facing now, how do you do that? Intel and AMD are proposing a hybrid


CPU architecture design, meaning that the cores will change to a hybrid design in the sense that not all the cores will be the same size. What I can tell you is that the next-


generation CPU’s will have much faster, much larger cache memory. Just that design change will solve many of our current challenges. l


Hsueh-Li Wang is the EMEA business development manager for HPC, AI, Virtualisation Server Solutions, Data Center Projects at Gigabyte, which has 30 years of engineering expertise in the development and production of server solutions that cover a myriad of uses.


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