MEDICAL  ANALOG DEVICES


  


   


Figure 1: Ultrasound system block diagram


T


he ultrasound market has grown rapidly  digital ultrasound (by GE) in 2000.


Ultrasound technology has shifted from static- based to dynamic and from black and white to colour doppler. A growing number of ultrasound applications has led to increased component requirements such as those related to the probe, AFE, and power system. 


ever increasing demands for higher image quality in ultrasound imaging systems. One of the key techniques for improving image quality is to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the system. The different factors that affect noise will be discussed below, especially the power supplies.


HOW DOES ULTRASOUND WORK? An ultrasound system is composed of transducers, transmitting circuits, receiving circuits, back- end digital processing circuits, control circuits, a display module, etc. The digital processing module  array (FPGA), which generates the transmit beamformers and corresponding waveform  parameters of the system. The transmit circuits’ driver and the high voltage


circuit then generate a high voltage signal to excite the ultrasound transducers. The ultrasound transducer is usually made of PZT ceramic. It converts a voltage signal into ultrasound waves that enter into the human body while receiving the


12 December/January 2025 Irish Manufacturing


echoes produced by the tissues. The echoes are converted into a small voltage


signal and passed to a transmitting/receiving (T/R) switch. The primary objective of the T/R switch is to prevent the high voltage transmit signal from damaging the low voltage receive analogue front end.


The analogue voltage signal after signal   integrated ADC of the AFE and then converted into digital data. The digital data is transmitted through a JESD204B or LVDS interface to the FPGA for receive beamforming and then to the back-end digital parts for further processing to create the ultrasound image.


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