HAZARDOUS AREAS C
old weather introduces distinct hazards when handling and storing chemicals, making it essential to fully understand and address these risks. Lower tem- peratures can affect chemical
properties and storage conditions, potentially transforming stable substances into hazards. Below are the primary dangers to consider dur- ing the winter months:
1. CHANGES IN CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Many chemicals are highly sensitive to temper- ature fluctuations. Cold conditions can alter their viscosity, solubility, and reactivity, leading to increased risk. For instance, some materials may thicken or solidify, complicating their use and raising the likelihood of spills or leaks. In some cases, chemicals can crystallise, adding further danger during freezing and thawing cycles.
Dangers of crystallisation
When chemicals freeze, crystallisation can occur, which may increase their instability once they thaw. This can lead to:
Chemical instability: Certain substances be- come shock-sensitive or start to decompose after freezing.
Concentration effects: As liquids freeze, the concentration of reactive components may increase, raising their potential for hazard- ous reactions.
Physical changes: Crystalline structures formed during freezing may heighten volatil- ity or reactivity upon thawing.
2. INCREASED RISK OF FREEZING
Some chemicals, especially aqueous solutions, are prone to freezing in low temperatures. Freez- ing can damage containers, leading to leaks or the unintentional release of hazardous substances. Moreover, some chemicals may expand as they freeze, further straining their storage containers.
3. VAPOUR DENSITY CHANGES
In cold weather, the vapour density of volatile chemicals may increase, causing dangerous vapours to settle closer to the ground. This in- creases the risk of inhalation exposure and cre- ates a higher potential for explosive atmospheres in poorly ventilated areas.
4. EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTION
Freezing temperatures can compromise equip- ment used to store or handle chemicals. Valves, pumps, and seals may become brittle, increasing the risk of leaks and malfunctions.
WORKING SAFELY WITH CHEMICALS IN WINTER
In winter, industries that rely on the storage and use of chemicals face unique challenges. Mike Brodie, managing director of Chemstore UK, highlights the risks posed by colder temperatures and shares strategies for maintaining safety throughout the season.
12 WINTER 2024 | INDUSTRIAL COMPLIANCE
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