holdings are situated In districts wljere drought is likely to prevail, the inclusion 1


ir ’ I I FOR- ■' {' STRENGTH and STABILITY ■ i ■


The progress o f the Halifak Building Society is based on the confidence and good will o f ^ t o Swen Huhdrod


, Thousand Home-buyers and, ' Investors* i Its adherence


• : to - d| sound' policy hVs, resulted' Ih a .position crfi


: outstandih'^ strength. 11 I


Lsrg6 sums available for loans on approved propert.es. i


'-'T-


Sple n did (ac iiit.e s fo r In ve stors comr, b ln ip g fin e s t ie c u r i iy and rea so n a ble


: ra te s oi In te re s t. Tax on Interest on , Investments paid by 1,‘ie ISoc'ety.i


CHID % saw, I.SI.6. F, 'R4 »tj|R£Ct HOWELL lU . HEi.D o f f ic e s ' . HALIFAX


ASSETS 129 MILLION POUNDS ' I i ■ «il[W


L ■ I , i-Local Agency.


BARaAVS B AW l c m i KING .CANE.


''


1 L. PERCY ISjraELB ,& SON. OFFICE HOURS: ,,


Dally: 9-30 to 13430 aim., 2-0 to 5-30 p.m, Satuidays :i


am. to 12-0, j~i_ri r n— “ ~


“ MAGNETO REPAIRS^ . :1 .


, -i Ji ,


Also Specialists In Repairs to DYNAmOS And Sell Starters and Re-Wlrlng;ol|,Cars


SIMPSON BROTHERS, Limited, •fDept. I No. 3 Magneto Worfe«4


' HAPTQM^wt-ncar ePumley—PAPTON I


^ d n p : 'I Padtofun ; ,j-,; . ■ ' ’ ll fond-oMt:"- ,


lie for! improvements to Ullage halls. of,


the crop in the programme is well worth con­ sideration. All stock, particularly sheep, are


In its favour it may be said that it Is not J . , .


subject to the attacli of msects, and with­ stands severe drought without .injury, on ceasmg to grow.‘ It can be transplanted in the same way as cabbage, and is .very t^eful


for Ailing up gaps in the mangold,or ^ede acreage. Generally speaking,-iwl cultivation on light or loam soils is to be recommended, and the land should be prepared in a! similar way as for turnips. The root itself is very nutritious, and can be stored well into | the next season.


ning to the end of April, either broadcast for transplanting, or dnlled if the crop Is Intended to remain. The quantity of seed required is 3 lbs. when drilled, or 1 lb. of seed will produce sufficient plants for trans- plantmg one acre of land. Very similar manuring is to be recommended to ffia,t accorded the mairow-steninied k^e,' 'For heavy' soils a good all-roimdoresslhg would be 15 tons dung, 4 to 6 owts, per acre, of a good compound fertiliser,' prefeij^y : one havmg an appreciable amount oCprganlo


The seed is usually sown from the begin­ ' ' ' foods. i ' ■


NECESSITY FOR DISINFECTING ; OATS.


SEED


tish Farmer" on March 6th,dealing mth the need for disinfecting seed bats' contajned to-' formation of considerable Imporftooe to com growers. The authors,; Dni’i pJ ?G'. O’Brien, Dr. S. M. -Wylie, and Ian .Wi Pren-: tice, of the Plant Husbandry DepDjrtment, West of. Scot\ana-, Agricultural I'jpollege, summarl^ the ^results vot; their r^earehes. since last harvest.'■ ' ' ;i It is shown that the type of weatlje? which prevaijedr during I" last JuV. August, | and


The article which appeared in the “ ^cob;


September'was precisely, the'weather I lor th® spread 'of the fungjiirthatiglveS rise'lto ;Leaf Stnpe'in oats. It was, therefore,;'thc|Ught desirable to exaiplne a large nutober i of samples of'seed oats, and ! by meanstofi ger­ mination tests sCtcertaln , the extent? of in­ fection. In ;all, between 10,0, and 200 feamples' were examined from ■ all i over thet.-British IslesJ!'- It was ascertained!that the':{iVerage tofcctlon 'for the;whole of iScotlandtivas 65, i'per-cent,', while the average! for England was 53 per cent, i A description of the dlse^ is also given in the artlclejjand methods of control are mentioned. It is stated that: j ,


M R . i F . M O O MSSAE a e p O A G ff Saw lejy. P r o m p t D e l i v e i y


y i t j in i i e l y . guaran^ieed tor


■ i l l ■ rOBTEBSl r


TICKETS' W jIN D OW B I L L S


DEFLICATE OBDEB UEUO and^^lNVOICE BOOKS


W E D D IN G C A BD S meuobiam STATIONEBY


CgImUEBCIAL i& SOCIAL


PitiNTING OP BVEEY j DESCBIPTION !


Send' prder. 'work


your I next i Highest ■ class ■


at a reasonable- charge. -


Advertiser & Times


:• Th^ House! fori Good Print - :n . -f l!


Wake up


usually th a n , op dull palna In th a back, u nn a tu ral urine op painful u r in a tio n and i rheumatic tyvlnueai Y ou rp nln la oauiDO by uric ,(j^lifAn d o th e r .fm p u r ltfe a in d 'w ill n o t bo eaeod. u n til ih e i kidneys a fp sq fflc len tly a o tlv a lr^ ^ n itoK tlla a o rA p idO h a o u t oF the


neys are Ivplft


l Ooawbrand BaCkoche'KIdney PlltaatlMu. tate lazy kidneys and flush the ten million biny tubes, at the eome time deetroylnd aacteria In the ur|ne. Irv thle.ifray. they enab9>thdkl(Ineyftooleana.e tbD Uood'End dnd-baekaohe, lumbado. bladder, weakneaa,


ii-'-' ■'-fi'* i--' "'ili-:-


musolea and Joints, rheumatlim, iclatlct ■nd njnal ddODsy. 1.


leiurbed nldhta.i awollan limbs, painful . h',


pInglhtf-tsitBe Lfind oomfott;-to moA and . woman of all'MOa. W


lamafoPVduFi.i I' .


bFor I'tlftyiyoun Doans.puts <hav«:jbeen hV nbtiidl them .do tha


. . . INSIST IJPONinOANS, 1/8. Si: Bl-


' flated, has been. i perfected i by a German - Inventor.' It is proposed to issue models of these boats to certain sections of the German; ■ Amy: -


A collapsible bCaIj' that can be folded upi and carried on the'; owner's back when de-


i I ■ ,; . i In the Glasgolf'police force, noted fori


Its fine iphyslque, recmlts are now being given tuberculin tested milk In'prefer- encetoipaBteurlsedmllk.'


i p . ■


; ' ‘‘Helmlnthosporium avense is a paretic ifungus which attacks oats. The diese^ ^ seed-home, the fungus lymg dormant-bh the seed coat during storage. MlcroscotoCail ex- anunation will demonstrate its presence,'at the apex ofi the; seed. When the .^seed/ is sownj both, the fungus and-the seed-begin to grow if conditions are .-favourable.- ' -When the young shoot emerges the'sheath (coltoP- tlle) is attacked by the'fUhgUs as it pS^s through.the itip of the grata;where thej'fun- gus is developing.. Evidence of taf»:tiph is shown by the appearance/' o f ' black, foies’ lleslons) about an eighth to a.quarter Ofj ah tach ilong. on- the Sheatli or cp)ebptile.| [ If: the attack'is-very 'sfevere the seedllhg may die off at once, i thus resulting in reduced braird. In some of the samples underj con­ sideration a braird of only J50 per ceht; was obtained, notwithstanding r-ithe favourable


conditions ta.Vhlch' thel plants iere griiwtag. Less severe attacks may allow the totibt to develop... and the-leaves -ito, unfold,-but to paSStag'Hhrough'ithe '.'’tafecied - ‘Bheath| the disease; may'spread to the first and second leaves,-!and even -toi the -thU^ to sbtoe 'cases.


-braird. Should - the plant withstand', the i attack, the reduced number 'of, leaves resiilts to blasted splkelets, which obviously! will depress the i yield, since the joat plant has normally only seven leaves. jWith a still less severe attack, no obvious sigh of disease is seen unless the sheath be carefully examined.. Then the black lesions on |the sheath: are' apparent. Such plants develop .hulte normalljr;


seen when;reddish-brown longitudinal ^stripes appear. Ultimately the whole leaf suitace is involved, and the leaf withers and^'dles. The loss of two or three leaves in the maimer described weakens the plant; even to thb ex­ tent of killing it,; and so further reduces the


I F)lRST.,-.SIGN..-,OE.-.DISEASE., -j : “ The first sign of disease|on the leaves Is


-and appear to be healthy.-" [ It Is not Until harvest that; the ravages of d|toase are appre-


CONTROL METHODS : Some samples of seed pats were also


selected and disinfected with seed dressings marketed for the purpose, and it was found' that almost complete control of the disease was obtained by distafeettag with all the well-kpown preparations.-, Photographs lllito trattag-''the effeclri'tafi} disinfection af[ofd


!.striking’ ’dTldence.,ofvtlt6' vdlUe. -'-Intane case from Dumfries there was lt)0 per cent." In­ fection with untreated seep, whereas: |in seeds tipted with disinfectant there was only four pel:'cehfeltofectlonf


V-i .*>


• It is‘gratifying to read the becord of these scientific tests, and to notice! that the,results- Confimr thb-vlews expressed to these columns thh( -farmers- ate wlse^thlsj season to take! particular care;in the matter of dlstofectlpn’ of seed oats by-reason of the likelihood'of high Infection-IhlS'season. jThere Is. ample; -proof-that JudiefOus methods of seed dlsto-' ■ fectlort: by means of one dr other of the mercurial seed'powders, such! as ceresan, not only effectively controls the disease but also' effects ah'economy in the, amount of, seed .required per, acre.


, /


I It is all to the good that tile movement for 'the building and improvement of village hallS' is meeting-with considerable success. One/of the greatest problems of 8mcuIlure- ls_/tO prCvent.-tho drift drom the countryside. Taie difficulties-of keeping men on the land are not only;economic.'’ &


■ a-vUlage possesses ho


lawayifrom thS’dulhless ofsiicli districts - 'em pleased t<f see the the Ndtlbnal Parmets’ Union have drawn attention tb the work done by- the National Couhcll, of; Social Serribe. The N.P.U. News Sheelton January 4th, made the followtog announcemen^i! ■/For some years past the National Counc|


of Social Service has admlplstered* a fimt provided by


•


and the Camej assist the bui oLloans and grant^ald. Over 350 haHS'have j been built in this way at a total cost of about £300,000,' of which £57,000 bps been loaned to the villages and-repaid without a istaglej default, and about £40,000 to toants has been voted by the Carnegie United Kingdom


means of healthy recreationj [particularly for winter evenings, it, is a foiregonewnclpion that -the syPungen genferatibn tolll-^k to gi


, elated when blasted splkelets occur, ^Ith consequent reduction in yleldi"


lan^ROVEftl^NT schemes! AS WELL “ In'the future, owing to the!generosity ol


t|ie Carnegie itotted Kingdom |


provement schemes will be eligible for grant- aid qs well. ' The type of scheme eligible Tor assistance includes extensions to an existing buildtag, the itotallation of heating, lighting, or sanitary‘ aptetas, and certain improve;


Trustees, Im­


menfs deslgnedl foj'instance, to make a bal| more; - ’siiltabfef; for' Mge performances ihyrical trbtotog classes, or to, meet.,the|re


iuhbtoerits” bf// tfie . licensing, 'autiiorities,:; ^heraily'^eaktog.' the'hmbuht of toant wll! -; be up to one-sixth, and the amount of toier; ! est-ff-ee loan up to pne-thlrd of the cost ol j the scheme, with a maximum 'grant bf £75 j bhdithe!niaxlmum Iqaii of £115.


|he local Btl^l Community Council'sebretaryi| pr |rbih the National Council of Spciali


I “ Further particulars'can be obtained from'


j Service, 26,'Bedford-square, Wip.I.” ' ’ [extensions to existing


. - I" ,„-,ruilii!Ings, I


iundp referred to are likely to be .used to; luture, not only for help to aid bf building,


Itlis certainly gopd news to know that the/


lew I' village halls, but also for extenripns tp : ^xlsttog buildings; There is'no doubt thai;»


ban^ of the village halls at present in exist incpi do require such extensions in order fo-.


toM'■,the,-nfe,eds ,todlcated, 'arid is to JioPto that, all of those who are concerned,- with the wfill-betog of the countryside Willi do their part to make known the facts, i | ! j., (toncemtag fhe,hew. village haUs, many of ta talrep'dy/erected- are' hot.pnly ,artlstl6j'


g


The haU


[wnich meet every possible requirement of |the ideal village hall apd considerably redUtejthe ^sti' 1 hotloe/thak to' ■


■ ‘ Architectural Design'and! Constrdctloi an -tUustratett'article app<


nev^l Parish Church Hall Even; from the layman’s thata-thls'type of ;fialli]ppsses^~s many deslr- ablb 'features which coiildj be copied to |the


the-'Maitb;' 103fi, Issue oncerhing ithe


erection, of .village -balls -in 'different parts bf the'^-Oiint.rv;


untry. ! ! 1 I ;


...’The,building was erected [by a new methid of toinforced concrete construction, and the appearance of the hall; is'such that it would add |to the 'amenities'bf any! village. It [is stat^'; that the building was! constructed at the remarkably low cost of -ljd. per cubic fobt. 'T’*’ - accommodation to'addltlon to the lai/ge I provides for kitchen, ladles’ dresstag- i men’s- dresstog-ioom) cloak-room, etc., Jithe hall is designed to perform a variety 11


oi-jfjinctlons.'.'-■ Inijthe article which appeared in our con­


temporary'it! is stated that, “ The speed |of erec|lon is]the greatest .advantage of this systqm from the client’s point of view. Lack of iscaffoldtog, ease of working,- employment of unskilled labour Is the a^vbntage from! the bulld^s standpoint. Only'one really skilled mtolls necessary upon the; works, and he mutt be capable of setting out the shuttering and.''|allowtog for air fitoshtojgs as' the^wbrk ptoc^ds. as the concrete stts^steel-haM;'and c ^ p t ' be cut without great Jabom'.’’


[ |


I ()IHER i ADVANTAGES INDICATEp Cpncemtog the method of construction


followed at Frtaton-on-Sea It is claimed that “ Owing tO) the trueness of'bperatlon the walls


arp iflnlshcd with a thhi icoat of plaster, which edn be papered, -painted, or disteto-


pered as soon as set, and thp outside can [be treated'-in'any fashion by colour applied vj/lth a '.brush or rendered in cement. ' -Colouled


: tilbS|can be inserted as the vlork proceeds|or pltobd'off| the face after;! shuttering isjre-


- mpvejd,. apd as this- shuttering is only one j bokrd wide and is moving dll'day long it can [ berretooved at the top of the biilldtag the day aftertthe height has. been sreached.-. As[an


; example a [house with four bedrooms and pwo reception srobrns* with all S the other upial ofllt^'. -wps'completed from Ithe foottogpito the |tdp of the , walls, to eight days, and the aetupl time /Tpr! the; church hall carcase was threei.weeks.it - [ '.


'll ' i ... .;, ;■ ]


' .' IThf slab'bf'the raato hall'.ls - 72ft. by SOft. hy-'lKt.ihlgh/' III view of [the'fact that the Nallohat "Couhcll of SbeteJ .Parvice dnd the Carlisle United Ktogdom (‘Trust'are willing bq asslst. villages to the, provision of suitable village halls. It ■


; ‘


i Eist Lancashire |¥6rkp(!opleVHo^^^^^


! / The ^uaiterly Meeting of the Executive Committee of the Eakt Lancashire Work-- people’s Hdspifal Fund wag helh at the Seplohs Bouse, B|lackburn, on Tuesday week, Mr. :a.-Beardwobd,''JE., presiding;


. ’ihe /’ CUtperoe- fepfesentatlves,, were Messrs! J. Smalley and T. Wrlgley.


';! It was lUaanlmously resolved that Mr.


' Harry B6ardw,oqd,' i J.P., be tojifiolnted /Chalmah' jof Ithe Fund for/the ;ehsulng |i/ear; ahd tpe memhCrs/of th'eC.omrolttdC expressed their high appreciation, of the ipplendjd services rendered by Mr. Beard- ■Wood In thp past,


, l ..-.Z-. I'i:


'/('.The |/Chalrman -extended a.;. ,warm- 'weicbnie 'tp Mre!- D. -M.- Hollins who had been! appointed to represent the jCom- mlttee i of [the Blackburn District Con­ valescent Home, and . who. was the first D/f'wi'


£3,236/4fi. 7d. had,been received: during the past.qu!


lesecl


alter, ihade up as, follows £ s. d.


Blackburn.and District ....2047 17 Darwer, arid District


is to; be. hoped that all tot^r-


'eitedifln brightening villagf life;and-keeping tfieh pn the idnd ■wlU Ido tjheiTi part to further the good-work! that has plready met with , siiph ;p .degree pf.pucpess._ |-' [


" '(VneW "ministe r '-dNjj'iffl^ TASK. i,.AGRICULTURp., ■ ' .,


permanent PROSPERITY FOR ,ji


done;! Sir Reginald Dormah-Bmlth, Minister of Agriculture, to the, Marph [issue of ■; Home and Empire,”; frankly statep,. the value to the cbuntryslde of the steps already taken by NdtlbhaVi Government before he ’ accepted office!” I am cbnytaced,"!!he writes, “ that


WWle Indicating how liiuch Is yet'to,


our fanners.could-riot toaVe- weathered the stenri without the manifold [help! they' h^ve received from toe Government. There /are presstog'problems to be stavled, but these can be faced all toe more hopefully because'Iso [riucri as.aheady been done* to one..tray and


I only" toat agrioulture musIS be. brought: to! a state! of iriqreased prosperjltjt, but also that this prosperity must be permanent..-Tt is .iiot


lobg-te.nri prosperity that |s( tod-atoi, -Patience will be’called.for, and the steady, determined co-operation of all'branchte-of agriculture.


acles.. But of i. the, dete^inatio n of h determmation. or tne


to toe riitad of the Government to seek pros­ perity.for agriculture-bn toe [specious prii|cl- pie of a merry life but a short one,,


'AGRICULTUl^Ei AND VILLAGE HALLS. As I ihave said before, we[ must not expect miracles.,


Qovetetoent to build up a rigorous arid;prts-: perous countryside let there "be no doubt whatever.” 11


A StradlVarius ritalfa,. whl(!h ,l8 estlma


to be|! worth £3,000, has beCri discovered, a Parisian musician,'hldderi[lri a pile of jink. It be|rs the, signaturefif toe maker.


riumber of London parks ajnd playing fie ids shortly. The scheme Is being carried put by the' National Fitness (Tot/m'cU And has toe sanction of toe London Coitotyj Council. [


Plo(iffilt games will”-' be | tiled out to ■ - I'


sellles. Prance, gourmets w is the I equivalent of a land an excelleritl.flavour.:;


An iedible beetle Is: being/


wears one, to the, hlcture-ii if cigarette kmokers because of mabiri quajities.


oil ' ■ ■ ' — ! / • ■ '


cultured by Mar- U6 [claim that; it


shflmp and has i 1


250 ;cigarette htadera have been supplied Iby a Hollywood producer for! Paul Muni [to “ Juarez”


the grolmds! that beards-ihe fe a menace l/to. their tofli


/ About 1( 0,000 men have now started pr completed .their, traliilng -for the AuxUiflry!' Fire Service,, which -wants recruits between the ages of 25 land 50“'


•Iri mo5t;'ire brigades the men, aft.ef training, 'are enabled to get experience


by taking riart In the ordinary Work, of;


the fire' t rlgade In dealing vfith fifes'. Their task In the event of an air raid would he Ip patrol the streets/In varis with /trailers Immediately the raid finished, sb that any fire, that broke out could be tackled as soon ris It was ob­ served; It Is proposed to establish the service! on such comprehensive lines that In residential areas every street would be visited by a patrol once In ten minutes.


, Itj Is i


Great J J a ry /o od - , iljUyier )c,rind Ipittrifct...... Wlialley and District.. etc.


672 17 -167 12)


'231' 2' 90 14


'21 18


£3232- 4':


.£3236, 4 7 ' Althriugh this amount is £3i 0 Hs. lOd.


less Ihjin thetotalcoritrlbutloiis received duHrigi the I corresponding quarter of last year] ^the; C ipmmlttee, .considered'It to-bei most s^ttlsipctery, taking Intri edritidefa-


!tlon the trgde of the district' during that .perlddj ;


'I: Th|e Coirimlttee decided that In view of ■ increased needs of the Royal Infirmary


arid btner medical charities supported by Uie tilnd. It was Imperative that an Appeal! sho- jld be, made to, contributors for Iricreaied/iupp/ort: ' arid .It wais'resolved


‘that; Mrangements should be coiripleted at an barly date for an appeal to be made to all (}onti Ibutors to adopt the'followlng new scale .of contributions :■


Penso?^ earning over Si, but not exceed­ ing .62, to contribute 2d. weekly.


coritlbute Id.- weekly. ,!:'■ : i - I- ■ , "i:-


Persons eemlng up ,to £1 per. week to '


Persons et.rnlng over £2 per week to f! ! ionti'ibute 3d. weekly.


iiuxiLIABY • FIRE SERVICE.


;.jalsoi-pos^', adequate abcomtoodatlon I fdr ■ purposes. Architectural experts are aldo/, wtag.'attentlon td methojls pf construotloto


i


■ \ e Halifax! Building Society as Building Society to the world is


further!/emphasised with total assets amount­ ing to £128,242,856 (an increase of £5,616,848 for theiyear). , ■ ' ■ This/'remarkable growth, recorded at the


end: 6f;'[ the year, throughout which restric­ tions upon new investments have been con­ tinued,' provides'striking testimony to, the prestige of the Halifax Society and to the,


public appre liation of Its'tovestmeait services.- 'Share-AND


These notr stand at '£122,284,43(1..(an In­ i I ' 1


crease i jbf £5,194,6U Tor the year). The total numbe - of Investing Shareholders’ ahd. Depositors’ I cCouhts open at the end of the year'wqs'484,180.';


. , NEW''LOANS, . ■ The ;Socl'ity’s mortgage department has


matatatoed the high level of activity of recent years During the year un^cr review new adVahees amounting to £20',340,996 have been made to '31,406 borrowing-'members matalj:!upon the .'security of: dwelltaghbuse. properties, . and the . number.■ of mortgage, accounts open' at January ' 31st, 1939,'was 25o,9i6:j, ,


MORTGAGE ASSETS. ! '


!'. The :Mbrtgage-Assets totalled £105,177,549' Vdth an average of £419 per acount. The unique i branch organisation of the Society, with offices widely' distributed thiroughout i Great 'Britain and Norfhern Ireland, ensures * a remarkably - widespread distribution of' mortgage securities w|th all - the attendant advant^Cs'andsafeguairis.


' -'p^iR'FUNDS.; 'r


In Trustee Securities, together with cash to hand and at


! The! Liquid Fitads of! the Society Invested,


Banks, amounted to £22,368,340, PROFITS. /-.


The! 'BalaPce of -Profit -for the' year after


credlttog to provision' Income Tax rNational Defence Contribution,. and . ail', other, contlhgencles,;.


Direst to Investors and making for all mw^ement expenses,


depiieCIatlon enables' the tributloh of thepreVlous up. Sharehol to : Monthly- holders] afii


/Reserve the The total


directors to recommend the-dlsi- a bbnus-at' the same rate as to year, viz. 10/k per cent. to'Fald-


ders' Class Ti'and £1 per-cent; Investing' Subscription : , share-


d further to place to'general sum of £400,000.


RESERVE FUNDS. of the Reserve Funds is now


£5,400,000, ajnd the balance, of profit carried forward £66 .090.


' 'Such laihe case against the slghatute betog genutoei'lhe Inference betog that a; praptlcal


'joker bf !the l7th‘ Century used he t& m et. [ j |;iCEpiwELL’S'" VlSir


'author of I'i’rhe House of; CronweU,’Mwho said !hb had seen many signatur :s oi ?.'OUver Protfector " ahd if 'he - had 'seen the -tracing of Ithe' Kirlffiy; Malhatoi signature esewhere he would have ‘accepted it 'as gen utae w|thout


For the ' signature la Mr. Waylenj the h e s i t a t i o n .


/'and Gbneral Lambert, of Calton Hall, was his •


right-hand man. the I great'I'man should vliit


1


. Croto'well-was a-AVest Eidto^ mbglstrate, What more itatural Uian


. ! ; - J . i . i


1 tu luuau General


Lambert! to the late summer of 1655 7 "In! those days the "registerwaspregpop-


sihlfi forilssutag certificates of b/imspd hM to keep/a “ book of good veUum-or oareh-


., . ,,,,


accept the /signature as genuta ;) staved th,e question! o f ' a long and perhaps /fruitless joiimey.! All the clerk had » do v?as to walk across to Calton Hall and ask the great maalte sign his book; On this jrgu^nt toe date of the marriages has no b lartag on tog genutaehess of the signature, tiough^o ex­ planation has" been given hy. tootad have used toe glyie l .e dia rateta


ThC'visit of Cto)ihwell,(clecla’e' tltose.who ■than" Oliveij P." / /' ' ,1;.' j- |


" The forgery dr practical jqktr h'aidly tie accepted, for,/.on one of his yltate hdiiie;!(3ehetBi Lambert would probablylalso


' Itelg-a great :Plly, ®at-the '!lerk|dlff nqt put /to,' sdtoe ioothote relating to toq stances of thC signing, 1“ that catekhe-Ip-: numerable discussions on toe autoentitaty W otherwise- of the name Cromwell to the Klrkby Ma/toam registers would have: been cofHibH..'!;'''' 1.'


be asted tokign the register anl wetadbaye seen through; toe forgery.


. . | ’ I settled. TO


member, of the Executive Cohlmlttee.- . . ita'iy repoftid that th¥sum of' H F


'TraUfcg.mUtac,sofl>--dl''rii®> ■' '


' M!aB|i6'; Juy pbarlfdl / happhieS was mine.


Swep Such


And , I sa/vt hpr. sadden hreathle^


azed alt her refiectlon, 7T..


R!ari'g down/me ilrid^./arid ( I heard [her. [echo fall. She! [touchei


i


,hen she glided to the-I-rook; ^ s t a r t "


At Srichfurithought perfectlori. fe It; died;',


She! trailed riae on my lonelj A,,bifd’8!.s<jftl trembling prill


path. the first green drcioplng


. .leaves,, /, with iovlngj graceful hand. She! baught the .sunbeams, as, they fell.


Golden rief oBs the larid. ' / / ’ [ .


She[ jwoVe them Into golden mist, j :' -And hurig: them on the teat t o


- j ' j ", ;


YelWW-'df h rip to ’ss shliriiri jredithere^ ; Yelipvf.pf daflodils.


Herl-gh(ist sMed.'softly/ bac i at/me, j; i ' -As hungrily ll soiight ;■


To fihd one flower, one youni green shoori One [treasure yet uribought :


f-!" -i -- '


She! t o her] cheek, upori/the earth, j - Wrifm town and sweetly smelling, / An'd[kissed the.loveiy Smobtin-clad buds, That vfbre sq,surely swelUrij.'


/,


At' list'I rerich,th/e, sllyeri pi .Im, 1 stdod In glbry-sp'ellbourid.


She'jstofl her-wtetful smite. / '■


. WUlbwy!'etems stiayefl'lni the breeze,;[ Wlui eerie'toamt', of ,sbimd. I sriw/hpr face] as'sutonly|


; . ' -


■what tenderness crept softly ini! Aridlsilbritiy .the while /


She! jrose Into the clear blup sky, A’.-hferiv t o ' t o i y thing: I stbiDd rind bowed her to hrir rest, The messenger bf Spring.


C.lHOIi: Fratid; 1" Items, OF interest.


tabieri'Of Great Britain, grown! in Demeraraland, special synthetic fertilisers exported from ■iaridte.and’ isVkriOwri'ris'tte, “ John Bull


e. ■'/■ Ari Englishman and his -wife who had been


parted for twenty-two years riiet'la Newi York eating houre. Afte: coi| they! found they had been lldrig within few streets of each other, for ;i|iany years,


special orange, larger than the '^bffa' g will soon be seen on the [breakfast':


This, riew fruit, j is the ptoduct of


■ ■'■ I ■ /■ ■


rrvD exaihtae [the igatage-floor on -which .A . the ; t o ; mas "been standing Is to be recommended for more toan one good reason. There


are ] few! cars which' do not shed a


more than jri/st a' few occasional drops ion toe floor, it-is very unlikely toatl.some of the bil- retatatog parteof -thri car'require. tlghtentog rip; Especial attention' must be g|Ven if It Is found thrit petrol or; water: Is leaking. In addition, them td seetog.toat toe sump, rear- axle and getobox me Biifficleritly leak;proof, it may be necessary to check Up tocfridlator, hose .connections


-. fIf there-,ere Water puinp / br jearburettor/


quite ritamkl:; deposits’ [ if stends'ln the same place.'


floor Is'a veiiy reliable grildej to such defects, but to the .brdlriary' poursei of - things' there may be ' an riccumulatlorilof .occasions 'and toe| crir alwa^®


to : the.i coPltog system, iThe garage ri


certain amoitot Pf oil,' arid grease when they are stationaiy; biit ariy|htak'mote’ than an absolute "inlhlmum of suchv deposits 'should be regarded!as abnormal arid-as: an Indica­ tion, that-the iuridersideof -the-cameeda to h'e'‘ examined/'wltop(itj delay!


|Which’' is the teriiance' of Industries which sl > [often started as primitive', rutel actlvltM -


!;/ /- ;A(3(3II)H<TS, TO,..cii!USTS.:|


I [The (Jvoiists Touring Cliib has reported that "acolderits caused by top sudden operitag i s are occurtogi to /tocreastag


bf car fii numbers, per cent! \ departmeri' mishap. It miriht be avoldi a wider both Isldi It is-that;


_________ .'e, still tegfilre: a better degree! of: I Bwnpritbeilc understrindtog among; dll cMses; bf"road-uscrs‘. 'ThP cyclist, approaching aiPavi - [which-hasl just;stopped*‘ought to remariber"


if -toe'riders of bicycles'gave! (Sira to., Thete is much to be saM' ori!! If one 'totog Is certato, hov^OTerii'


re.moterists.entlrely to- blame ? afgued ,thrit:thesP:acciderit8 /teifld./


^/':i; ■ i.'-


that tetaeoufi is hraCtlcally cPrtalh! to emerge!; Iromi theibffslde. or; near/slde'bf the 'carl!/ puman nature betog variable, • eten' airipngi' ‘ '■Ists,' the cyclist. shbuld /.be prepared!/fori /- issnes?; " But, of course] we cannot' tenr; thoughtlessness br discourtesy,


the cPrinttysldej 'are'/aiit to bejremarkably ■varied. At this/season,: ;your attention toay be attracted |by the: earliest, spring flowers to Shady woodlands;- or by i;toe Impressive appearance /of i some veiy ancient ibulldtog which has 'withstood yet anotoeir winter. :The other day, |;for; example. 11 re-ylslfed; St.


/The disco-ijerieS /one.'makes while toriririg worsq) to I


'guldirig principle,/ never get ibut of a car by'- the/rpad-i the/ibad-stee'door unless yotl-are; con|irie8d; by!j adeqiu.uate tebserratlon.-t^at! the road'-lri,;


fiw from [fraffic at thP'.tlmP,


Alban’s "cathedral which i was' 'origlfiaUy foLtoded toftoe year-7te by Offa, lUng of.


Mefcia. The architecture of: that remarkable, sttecture w m -explained' to me and'I was shown some of toe few tematotog examples in' this countiY of Romarij brickwork'. The art of brick-maktog, I learned,; was introduced here by toe Rdmans somP two thousand years ago, -It all bisdari by burning; clay, and tmday it still deperidS ilpon that same, simple prin­ ciple, plus tef course, ri highly developed system of ■production. -Distribution, Is equally 'well developM rind bri all [our main"roiads; iwfi are accustomed to see convoys! of- great ilorries, caiTfrlhgi' bricks,! produced, by toe 'London Bril* i (tempany, (toe greatest pro- iducere to tl el World) to'every part ,of toe country. If iiilyi those ancient Roman brick- makers coulc see! toe results of the work they, started! Fro nltti,e kilns of the London Brick


.feato to a 1 Ito one day from [this company's main factory at Stewartbyl i Yes, there are mtaiy fatetoat-


■Ciompany, which owns - 26' factories, 11,750.000,000 sricks are produced every year. iTravelltog £ t ; 30 m.ph. ' it! would take you jl^ hours to pfiss a row of bricks turned out


tog things wC our. travels;


cah learn during toe course of not the least tateresttog ■ of


jobs, KIJEP THE REAR LAMB BURNING, lamp.


riithta the law, this lamp'must be ;capahle!ofi functioning rpllably.


___r ' i"


Am tog ybto-weeWy routine matoileriarice , ■ alwflys Include a check-up ta.ithP 'rPar Ppr. your; own. safety," ahd' to-keep


as 'a; warning to - other; road' users, R!' itfrist' iflumtoate toe rear number /plate./


.Ip addition! toirifettog [Make;


dertato that poor illumtoation. Is .pot ,caused:i by accumulations'bf dirt and dust, noi; by 'al blackened 6r partially burned-out pulb. i Give attenflon tp the lamp fittings.. Looseness jylll/ riot oniy.sqt up a rattltog but‘m8y"caute:toe' Irimp lto’ fall. The lead connected wljjiithe! rqar "lamb'.Is often' 'arranged In tortuous fpshldn and is.apP’to,rub .against mpteUic srirfabes. . /As a consequenCe,' tosuIatlori''be- comed fray/ed and ultimately toe/ lead may break! causing toe lamp to be iriop/eratlve or ePen la Shprtrclrcult of. toe' entire lighting system. Iiispectlon of this lmpbi[tant| lead,'! arid Its re-hrrangement, if necessary, should! not be.peglected.


■ "j '


a-idress Editor.


Lette I from readers accompanl/fed'by I stantoed adnessed envelope, Ishbild be


to James L. ' M/arkbato ;c/ 0 top i'-. Etotel


sts ahd their passefigers; th'erefore, /must also[‘ 'xercise Pare /to the’ opening of !caT doo^‘ lri|! 'riier|, to [avpid ;.--causing'itoconvenlenPe f (or .and)


A?/ a;/' Spei;k


old'tliep h ^ ^rew ol igr! 01]


, parents.'!] ! 6hritcli, )|wh


! Otheririse ttj t/nrt 6


i'lii :-:lhrinM/by M':'[!givm'!hy / [i ;;■


..e club’s: statistics sho/w. that/teri the cases hahdite 'by -their!lekal- j are' to'.respect of; this kiridiof!;


v -l-- became a ahadpv?, ,


Halting jin speechless wonde As Hea-yen’s] ,seraphim low irbiri' out "the'heayens;


i Mocking my every wMm, ..................... . MOTORING 1


ment'] for the registertog of such mirrlMeS. A Justice of [the Peace had to “ subscribe," the [ e n t e Y / -v!.;;


a lune wueu Liromweu was. Froteptor Ol me British CJommonwealth.


troversy, 1 and a writer to a coptem] presents the case for and against.


Around the signature has raged mu . 11 I


pf State to London on July 24tl; acd! ?8th, 1655. 1 'Concerning the -first date on:which the signature is given, January; 17tl, therp


Office'the Protector was present at CPuhcils Prom /evidence in the Publ c Itecords


is some doubt where Crotowell t/as at ithat tlme.i jHe was present at a Council t f Statp pn Janiifiry 11th, and his name d )es] not appeap again for some.. considerab e time. There; is] however, an Order- in CWtocll of ^ January :inth which suggests that Opmwell^ was present,'though there Is'no actualimtoute, that'he did attend, or to fact o: hlij wher^-' abouts!,--'Put it is open to quest on^vhether Cromy/ejl when getting on to yeari wouto'/ risk tlie trials of a journey to ti e m .ddlej of


winter! to such'a/rerapte -dale ' ' ' ' [


/. . Mr. !'H.'. Speight, the ■ Btagle^. aiitiquary,- wheh preparing his publication on ' Craven- and ' iNbrth-West Yorkshire Hig! Bands,/’ . doubWd 'the ’'gehutoehess of tl e'slmature.! Cromwell’s’ usual method was ‘OhrerJ P.f’ and not “ Oliver (jromwell, regd. Ireglteed)/’ as appears, to the registers of the chtircn. | [


1 Thelhistorlan, Thomas Carlyle, toojXefutoii to' accept the signature as that |of tge to«at He declared that. It lacked! any' i ;to the signatures of which | he


Protector.


rese'mblak~ --------- --- ------------ , , had great-experience, and conedved itjridl- ciilouk that one-'who'had the we ght pf phree gdbmt on ,hls shoulders shtuld. Interest iseff to thb marriagcs'of peasant/. .'And Catlylfe'/iw/as the-.‘ author of'“ The Life; of!


men who had been engine-oilers and labourers couldn’t happen here. /Before the war, ordinary - citizens would have thought It/ ridiculous If ' they had been tbld; that they wouldn’t he allowed to buy cigarettes or tooth-brushes after eight o’clock; 'ahd wpuld only [be allowed to take a drink at /stated [hours. They would have laughed had you told them


th ^t; they wouldn’t be j able to re- cMistruiit'.the It^Ide of their own houses, o)^[put/hp:/togtfeiiiliouse':W garden, withhht 'phxnilfflldh of the local Council.


, . are being


lncreasef|.every ifewj months by- little laws that we never hea|:' about until ,we, arq- found' unkrtbwihglyj breaking; them. One o f these days, unlejss We are kept [alert, v|e may wqke up tp find that a number- of other little! laws have been passed which will put an end td all liberty. 'What will the'Engfish.dok, 'Will: they glve,lp.-7: or 'Will ./they''', pompei - these .laws to:be .repealed?


give 5dur child ithe send it to the kind


Supjpodng yoii learn thpt you.may not: kind pf education, or


of schocil'you cheiose,


but ohly the education an^ school efiosein by some Department!' -What will you dp?


you shaU hot use jfdur wlrele$? .(oriany|- thihg -but


,/ Supposing yoh learn thht oii-'Sundays progfammCsI.df that


you shall hot play on yduh piano any' works of TschalkbVski/,' iRhriSky^bfBac­ koff; or. MUSsorgskL'-fiecaiise they were Russians;, and that! if you'-break that lap/


:your , neighbours [are! [encouraged .-tp i lnfoinn agahisbydh?.;/ Siipfidsihgyou are ' oirdefed to- clear of^ yoiir bookshelves the ; Dtoaeu,-/Feuchwange|:,' you .say it


/tporks' o f 'Heine', and Vlcld Baium, didn’t matter? /


countrlea otmirlea dald ^Would■ ,'i


I^ te y e r | has! happened in / some could


ou /might; leartf ohe day, that no public, leetlng’ /houldh^ held: -except;:! thoia


conntiies/nntesSpife'Degple are deteij- iriinBed that it shall nbt; '' ■ ■' ' |. '■ i '


happen /


!


siipiMrtlng the [National Government of the day. : You might learn thatieverV time you pass 'a' tbvefiririerit, /'office you iriust put your left harid! behind your headi . Yori mlghtj find thait Joii canncjt travel- to Scotian^ ■without a special pernrit,;of ,that ;y(m Crinribtl change your. residence from Sjirrey to Devonshire,- save, py. official/consent.!; ; 'What would you-rio about It? [i i


" i KEEPING THE PEOPLE DRILtED.


! During the last wm: riiany 'regulations ; ■were 'inade /which, 'wete stttetly, neilessalry to the effective/conduct’ of. the/war; but many more;, were .-sllppediln for which


' there was .rib Immediate necessity./ This /niakliig' of/petty/regrilatlcms‘'ls 'a featurje


; of all tetaUtarlari'states; .they i.hriTe np i epeciai purposejsave'that;rif keeplrig/the -[people drilled to opethenbe'. arid lt/fs easy ;/fpf the bureaucrat to.invent two.or three !/al day,' '/Mori.,of,us feel /thatilife /would /be easier if /only other people would do


[ what we wrint them to do .: - //hitelUgeht ; people pus/h this feeling aside; hut there


. are plenty" of others Iwhp'would..delight .-'Iri the charie'e of feglriieritirig /and drlll-


Im p' ri,


in ! othejr '.


■


yOU;audifp>:cbd'UPon you;;Thls, of cbufte]| Is,'pot/ the ^Ush-way, but there rifei' people,about us who would quite gladly!! Impose upon us -the un-English ’ivays! of i


! other corintrles—if .we let 'them. / ’ ■/ ; [. > 1/ .^t la said that tpe English are'not;Sol


! easily amenable to discipline as the!' ‘ people pfj othlei’'races; ■ but look hotte the i English havfel already accepted the .mariy;; pettjl and pointless restrlctlbris put /upon! i them of. jrecw y e a r s .■


> They. grtimb]tei I


but they accept. 'They take it as rational I that up to fll^t o’clock.! they may buy/ such food as they want; [ but that/afterji eight-o'clock, while they may bU? .cpokfedi', food, they must not buy bread to e^t!| with: It.’ ■ 'They accept the .str'angeii


ordination that-they iriay buy fried fiSh*/' but.npt fish which they'can fry ;them-|


selves. - ;Thpy accept- a law wlfioh says l


that pf, a[ll the articles! hi a- chemist’s/1 'shop they'may buy thls.arid this, but ubt; that and -that. If they want ‘! that- arid,


;tbat’i.tbby."ihu8t-waltetlU th'p'mOTning;!' i'arid- they; do!" They agree,’ vrith /grriiribles,' [to ap'ordet which alloTOithem!to[t^b! a; irirlrikvatla 'auafter't/p .eleven [at irilght,)' but notat'h quarterTpast-unless Qiby. go[


Ito, an- expensive restaurant and ■ br^rj suppeh ! (price you can get peojple In' the agreeing mbod, you can'sobri get ftpm to/ / agree to anything.


! ■ ' j / ONE OF A HERD.! Perhaps [you are fpady./to-hrive yburji


iltfe/ arranged for you!/Pefhaps you would; / like to be [told what to think, 'arid what'; - to'reverence "and salute.- Perhaps'’vbri;| would like to be'-forbidden (to go:jtOj! church-r-of coriipelled tO| go. i ' Perhaps you V7buia I like to be j one of -a /./hbrdJ; Would ypii? To some people the pfpspeCtil of thirty nilUlon nrinds with bpt a Biriglej thought ! (Imposed- from -outside) I isjj,- attractive.! / ' To'- others. It i is [ more:;/ desolating than-a mental hospital.- ;Apy-|! way, it'Is the modern tefrii bficontihl-j-j ‘‘ Do as li tell you; think as I tell yori rih , be oblitefa|ted,’’ and. only thosejcountflesji • whose people renlaffi- alert oari he isure [ that the'hffectlbn does riot! teach therii. I [ ■ ' Nearly a! hundred years ago Tenriysbni was writing of the Ibnd / i /;- ''


- ■ 'Wherp' ffeedbm broadens'kowly -dpwli.-


Proiri /precedent tP pr®P4d®^t- "


[become /ll)ie[ other countries where;! in.1 jZangwiH'S' parody of those llnCs,


It Is - f ir . .us to tee.- that we do riot[ '


1'"' Where freedom tumbles heridlong


j'/:; /',/',/;.down' //.' / / //-I; / Froril precipice, to precipice.


I',!'/:-;


, » e l ad-pfi functions sul


(Write a 1 theft /for del om! /were ( hrli


/for th( .gp- ■’ .jlt'hidJBeel


/w.bri.qfT!., dim Iri front 1


‘beiirivti} ithat se'teice 'to; 6t| /chllcir,(nV


/ithe'seiwe-oi


'I ■.■iTheiewer, 'was sonriUtr


I j j - i" ' jiri'irillrghti;‘ ri"-', [ritUtuce,


ithiari',ii/pbllt


; vishec 'to si / " world lefedpi


-.-'I " /s i fU ir - ! hpriou ’ .. to Home ’-at


.-' had i" lolneC ;! 'Village w;ag"


/;YrtiBt(/!ol


i- l srirvlcf vyari [I! .''Prirlta neritj.


to;'df), nririy to put ser oriejoight


' [ try and heli


■learipf what'! he, or w/totefl


/tfiey'ri IgWM [msl^ewTO


/ yririte ig|/-ij]


'*/ "!' /- .;■ !AndiR’?!! stance,Ihip- House ,of|;Cuj


;he[itoghtl-taj jSjiOW'.th^ ‘ nijght g():t jdarice thpj,


jthqugM-lli: - bfeautj/oti


*tH4s.dt#if ■one Of [the'1if, *


;! jpleasurei'i/i /.' I got tigethel ;!' : htethCThoo^l


;1 /[rajrie.l Uriels 1 i liBlOneylcbuldj ! '."dhirig -.ripriief -;/ jivlirifardti'l *


- 'C(irikei.;'ii.'f.l " dri&:tl0n;,i " bS t 7111


thatl Chance, j


j [; The price of liberty, as Patrick Henry [


said. Is I etprnal vigilance. | . Today,' neither, we nor our representatives are /i being as ylgllant as we should, and oi by lone our little Individual liberties being, quietly/ filched from jus. It cm go.furtheh It could reach a point whe you dare nbt speak your mind In


irestau/rarit od;tea-shoptu|lfess;y.ovlr/i wefe a shadow of ievery;i(|her rifirid. i It could, reach |a .polhf' ';Wlte)re -yotir- vpfie


I-'


! ' -iri


[! becriise-i [tl oni


going v/orslil]


Ip/ptof


4 ‘"‘I snonlf


pye


iteh.' the!"


mijistlcll


;, ’;jMeth(dlst[S r'/iiar^


, iBia^ ; . wh/eri 3thc


1' iCounqlUor;! "'itheK


Thcise.iren M,P/1 open'


grithq


3tririle


,:Mef'Cohye: he. (C('t|riclll|


itnattliey-hril ii :■ It-waittellf :'ojneDf th!bte{


;j:"':,/|iteuhfe(l|daj .uriplel■


■ ' Buiriliy,.;'. !' ; ;vJ. ; :hi; '


1


it ist 1


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