jCEIGHT) to wsit m t |N THAT CASE WE


j' We are experticoraetie^fes and ean Mp ^Qu to , : regain that youthfol fi^e . PrQperly fitting ; Corsets can giye you that slim appearahce so'


necessary if you Iwould look your best this Easter.' ' H p you ptterus yot?


We shall be glad to r e M your enpfies; ' ii 13, EANAM, TEL 6774. ........................................................... . . ■r.rLr.nj-LA.n.ri it inconvenient


YOU AT YOUR HOME AND ADVI^lE a bout CORRECT bUdY SUPPORT. I


JLD BE HAPPY TO VISIT YOU


the modhrri .methods..of manufacture' were outlined-..at a: meeting .of;;01ifhero6;:Rotary, Club yesterday I week i. by, Mr. .Stagg, .a director of .the Ribblesdale Cement .Company, which is ericting a. new .works at .Horrocks- fprd. Mr F. I Dugdale (President) .pre­ sided.oyer a gcjod attendance of members _and. visitors


Theffii cr .y.of.t .he cement .industry; and


i^was probably, the: first to. find .that', when dtao;mixediwith claynvas'iburnt'.it gave.a


Stagg daid ;T “ Some i anc'ient.iGreeki builder,oT<


Describini. thpiihistory .of! cement):.Mr. } Rnma i ntintonf ifimolrr 1viitM


' material that wiuld set hard) when wetted;: ThaRomans.knejW how to make.'Jf^ement to resist the. actiphi'bf water,:,and VBitruvius


A D V ER T ISER iO T )


BEING CCWSTRUCTID, ms D i a i ^ i OF GOlViPANY.


m-rnTTsy IlilODEf


.-Uoliiiaxu STAGG Hi r • iu-w. ■ .-aoiXoci ; iNP^oRMA'rivE tAlk To CUTHEROE :■


PifoGESS OF MANUFAGTORI Dl^RTREin^ ROTARY CLUB.


.mpterials Are correctly mixed iu‘tlie form , of slurry, dried, sintered or brought to a Jclinkerittg state by means of powdered fuel; ,,t|us clinKer haying' a small . proportion of a ’psum added af the time of [grinding to


,'determined^ by at least two .things: (1): The , raw: materials—clay and linestono must be ji'ight on the spot and easy to get; j;2) IConl jfpr burning in the kilns mpst be reasonably j near so as tp ensure; its belttg obtained a); a reasonable p r i p e , ■


,finished.c.emOnt. Iii-this paper'a works will be described which uses limestone and clay. ;The choice'of site, for a cement works-is


described a method of making a kind of Pozzuolanic. ‘cement. . They; taught, the British. vari )us j art.s and (crafts, and the conditions o: the walls of ancient; :buildingd in Bath and Yprk,' and particularly of a very large foimdation ati.::Bichhor6ugh,


jshows . their skill. The Saxons'.preferred leountry .life to [that, of towns, and;iso the Ipractice of mildingland even roadi making fell 'inba deciy. After tke Norman Conquest b.uilding ng!in |became common, .as shown by “ castle keeps*” and towers, abbeys, piinstefs,;' ci'y wallSj etc, .■ The Flemings; nhd Hn^emts improved various crafts and puilt large ! Hast, Anglian churches.


I A.big'step forward came about the middle of the! IStnj'century,'when John Smeaton, .pf Austhorpe, Leeds, 3 I


phgineering, cai}ried out researches • to find ..quick har^ning cement tb resist sea- ater' for'•the, -piortland. atones .»qft the’ illdidy- tone Ilighadube;'-■ It was'bffllt *in'’1T65;


6»


the founder of civil, u u l scukuuca vu uuu


As shown by his reports, he ,knew that limes which would set under water were obtained


from the cAlcinition.f of, such .limestones as Mntaihed a! large portionyof clay.,. His ex­ periments led him* to'use a ■ Mment com­ pounded of blun lias lime from Aberthaw, pnd ot pozzuoluva or volcanic ash, brought from Givrta Vicchia, near Some. ' Four wars after' Sme.atOn’s' death, James Parker made A uaturalj cement from the calcina­ tion of, certain Jargillaceous or clayey lime-, stones,': finely 'finding' the product. :■ For this he useu .nodules. found in the London clay of the'Isle! of Sheppey. ■, It' was"'then illedl. Parker’s | cement,, ahd later Bbinan


ca edmeht. Another investigator; IVbSt, found


8i|itable nodules in the ar^Uacebus! lime­ stones of the secondary, formations of York­ shire. ;


I Most Impoi^ni Siefl. ' ,


mpst important! onq, was. made by' Joseph ^pdin ■ a stond mason, of Lc^s, who' in 11


, iTho next stepj and as it turned out, the 'i-tji.'u! : iita r'' ITS BETTER FOR YOU


cofitain about 75! per.cent, of'Palcium.-car­ bonate ; and 25; peri cent, of aluminium silmate. • To o|)tain' supplies of chalk' and claj^ey mud, Aspin started a, works on' tho, river Medway, i)hd partly as ,a| conseqUenco , thdt district heoame tjie. first' centre of ‘the Portland cement trade. As grew: the 'technique became otners start.ed;


cifiient fusiPri And grinding the resulting' clinker' to ; powder. ■ He' practically estab- ,ed tke faow that the mixture should,


cejneht ; to this me gave the name Portland,! ause of a.similanly to the. stone of that ne. ' He made R by heating an intimate dure pf, chlc'areous: and . argillaceous terinls' '^ (limestone and , clay)'' to in-


i, patented a! process of making; artificial , si shaped ti‘•pe,'like those chajk, play and water into a


i layers cif/'diikdv and after


rot: s, and the process consisted in mixing


first kilmi .were of,! the, pid-fashioned ---- ^ ■


• . )'


the demand known, and


for burning' slufryi and


-


drying It bn a floor or in a chamber heated by mot gases Horn the.' kiln. _ The dried lumps werq^, burnt along, wi;h alternate .xho[firingItocjk abbiit! six) the clinker had cooled off,


Bansomb, an Englishman, His .first .one was


■ heal ' puh


1 •i^r> -■


.thro igli ‘scale of


gas step vnni kiln also of (


the. kiln j ;. Unfortunately the small oporatidji! and the low temperative hafidicapped| the process. The inext use of rotary kilns-was I'n-Pennsyl- i, . vyhere cen eiit makers found the new


flame nclcessarytf )!■ success.^ Later powdered coal (firing was adopted, this (.having become possible} by', reison of improvements in grim ling inachineb. It. was quickly adopted, and IS now the Abivcrsal method of firing.


Inereksed Demand: Th ) eniploymeiit of {reinforced concrete 1 REG^


PHVSICIAN’S REIvl^DY


'■ J H E .' i ,


m-.i ficijr.) i-.toiirilcoi tonoi •ioo.S-qsi.J. Not just a bi.igie drug uut ine presoriplion of an oniirieiU tlarloy Street Physiuian


Better than Aspirin” 1$ the opinion of . .The , JH


j$dfe & Certain Remedy , for


HEADACHE NEURALGIA 'RiaEtJiM'ATISM


( L U M R A G G C O L P S& ,C H IL L S ,


R ttjtoed Hospital Nune whq vyrltes to “f.ftbqpt the effectiveness of Cephes,|


A'llfe ai d certain remedy anyonO'may take wltl complete confidence,'Cephos U ■ alvvayr.highly recommended' by doctgta and nursjss. It Woes notaffect the heatt Mi4jgl«t Immedlate ancJ lasting relief la cast* bf severe headache and .'neuralgic pains or holds. It has proved a boon to thousands who sufferea from 'Rheumat­ ism, Lumbago and Sciatica, i


FrotiL aUChsmisis and Shifts, .in' ficudcrs or tallrti,;'1/3 amt 3/^ Single dais 24.


Ceph'os L^., Blscicbum. SINGLE DOSE Powder or Tablets


MsDofsctarecilir


Jiorsesl _ Nowadays actual manual labour , is . practically eliminated and it is now I possible to run tile machinery of a modern cembnt works, and; actually produce between


• In th bso days' indst of the work was done by minual lahour,’ haulage being done by


for bindings cauded'the-deinand for cement to, increase byt' Idaps and bounds, and the dimensions of' cement machinery, especially grinding ihills and kilns, increased greatly. At the beginniiigi of this century tho kilns were about 6 feet diameter and 60 [ feet long, I took 15 li.pi uto drive, nod gav'e an output of about 2 tons an hour. Twenty years I later the size, had increased to about 200 fqet .in lengtlj;; taking 60 h.p, to drive, and giving 15 tons per hour. Since that time -the, principle, of cement manufacture has altered . very little, but the actual machinery , used has impiwed enormously.


suitable for their dry process.: They had tlje nd'cantage of'ample supplies rude petrolc im to give, the long' hot


it was withdrawn I and .'ground in tube mills. About the be^nning of this century, the ting kilii''.wlis.i:;inventod by. Frederick


about 3} feet diameter and! 25 feet;long, ed with ptoclucer gas. . The method of


worliing was first to dry and ■ coarsely, erisp the . sliirry, and then pass it


, Diesel driven, or probably; more up-^-dnte, • electrically. The, latter ; are i cleaner. . aha , require less maintenance tfaani ; the former


.and* are, economic in. work. The,limestope ;is loaded :.by. the excavator intoj railway type wagons holding; froin 12;.to 14; tons. The


jclay; isi also won . by ; an ;pxcayator loaded into M.8.0.,,type side-tlppmgiwagonsIcon- taining abput fiftons each. I 'The matwials are jhauled; 40 the, vyorks by,;locos of either steam, Diesel.or electric, typo.!' On arrival at the works the railway type wagons,loaded with limestone are run on .to.the cradle of ;a;_tippler which raises thei {wagon complete with its load of limestone about 30 feet, turns the wagon to an an^e of about 135 degrees and discharges the limbstpne into a hopper, from which it is withdrawn by means of n ■ grizzley feeder.: This machine gtmtly carries the jnaterial forwaid and discharges the limestone into a: jaw crusher weighing 80 tons,- where the stone is primarily reduced to a sizirbf about six


-inches cube. From, the' ji.w!crusher the 'Stone falls into a swing hammm mill. This type of; machine is of compiratively recent development; I t consists: of la'central shaft with webs ’ throughi.'Which'"r^l pivot pins,


. is • very: great, and shatters! the' stone! on impact. At the Ketton (fement tVorks, ibMore the installation: of tne isecond unit.


.disposed of in seveni to eight-seconds. Bars are fitted under the hammers, through


.’which tho stone passes. / i' I , '••- Tho limestone is flow ■ready>;to enter the


tube ■ null . and', nithbr . paslics direct to hoppers,- in -most cases 'lioldihg* .about! 24 hours supply tolenable 'the mills to, run over the week-end without running the, crushing plant, or it passes into a limestone store, in the case of Ketton capable of holding about '8,000 tons. This limestone store is a valuable asset, as it enables the raw mills to run :in; the event of a breakdown in the quarry or .with the crushing plant, and so ensures -tthat continuous ..production which is 1 essential ,in ipodern )fianufacturing- metbodb. , The clay! upon ap works'is discharged into a-was consists of rotating iparts cons arms from which cast steel suspended : by means of chains mixed'With the clay in such qu ensure fairly free, movement,


through' grids suitably placed of the' wosh niill and afterw into 'elevAt'ed-,.^ncretd silos.,,


antity as will of, the clay in the .sides irds pii^iped


Mixjng and; Gfihdinffi.


latest mills having five c'hambers'J ' The shell of the mill: is made frdm stout'boiler plate's rivetedi together and strengthen, id with butt straps. 'This, is lined with | manganese


been •, sepa.rately: prepared. The; nexj; pro­ cess is their thorou^'mixing and grinding to as . economical a fineness'as possible con- Bistent with, the proper chemical' combina­ tion of the two materials in tte kiln. This is brought abouf'in a tube miljl[. This mill consists of three to five: chimbefs, the


up to this stage both raw njivterials have


steel plates. The five chamberi ! are formed., by means ofi grids, the slots i|l each-grid: diminishing in size from the feed to the discharge end of the! mill. , Eqch chamber


of the mill is. loaded with steel or chilled cast;, alloy, grinding'bodies.


.to 2J'inches ill diameter, the largest.weigh-' • ing 7-lbs.' each. '.‘Nos. 2>'artd 8 chambers are also charged with steel halls df diminish­ ing size. No. 4 chamber may !be charged with very small .balls .of approximately j-in.. diameter, o r with stoel{ or cast [alloy slygs or cylindrical'pellets dpproximatily 1-in. in diameter by U-in; long. No; [5, of the finishing chamberj is! loaded with similar shaped; but smaller pellets. * The grinding bodies in any one chamber are [not all of the same size, but are so graded that the voids' between them are reiluced, and bigger grinding surface. obtained for given'! volume.


T^irough Fine Sieves.!


■three mod four hundred tons of cement a iday with from 114 to 18 men. This is .purely! productionj' these men merely hand-' ling and controlling machinery; there being many [times this fipinbcr gf men in various trades! to keep this machinery and: tho work in proper funning order. Produc­ tion is also strictly controlled by a staff of chemists. In addition there is'a'staff for


'the packing and Idespatch of tho finished product. : Even jn:.ithc packing department ■groat [strides liavd-been. mode in thb' last five ypars. AVhercas the lest machinery a slioi{t number of years ago., could on)y pack at tlio rato of seven or. eight tons per, lioiir, bnacliinos are now working which pack dt the rate of GO.tons per hour and over, ;1


I .Modern Methods. Coming to model n methods of productipn,


Mr. Stagg-.said the materials generally used now aro limcttono land clay,- chnlk'.and clay, or chalk and argillaceous material dredged from thoi beds of irivors. , In one or two instances: chemical


cement works


IS being made from waste. ; I Briefly, these


to a rotating table upon which ' an adjust­ able plough IS fitted. , The clay slurry is fed into the feed hopper of the; mill with tho ' limestone ;and-' a. smallquantity of water... • As .the material, passes' through the -mill it is, verj- finely, ground and in­ timately . mixed. Just sufficient water, is added so that, itlio slurry can, .be pumped.toy means of centrifugal pumps upon its dis­ charge from the mill. ' The large raw mill at Ketton weighs 88 ;tons empty, and is joaded.with 52,,tons pf grinding]bodies. It is capable of finding 18 tons of dry raw material per hour fjom a mixtuio' of lime­ stone, grading from .coarse 'safid size to If-to.' cube,. 97 per cerit! of the flriished slurry ‘ passing a 180 sidve. , . Tins mill is driven by a 750 h.p, [radtor. ; Thd'hearings of the : mill are of ample , proportidri and are ringroiled and lined With white, riietal. Tk? slurry, from the raw’ :mill op‘‘,seiiarator is pumipcd- to silos wliere it is [ agitated by means of coinpre-ssed' air- arid corrected with more limestone or more clay,' as 'desired by- the ' Chemist, until it is. of thd correct chemical composition. ‘ 11-11^-410/1'allowed to flow into storage basins holding threq


;3| ■■n-toi-.! :!' J ' ■


there is little, likelihood of sdpaj-ation of the ; clay from the limestone, 'bat - i f ' the slurry was allowed to,stand,the solids would sink, leaving water, on''top -and-'thq. thick slurry at the bottom would cause puriip troubles. To avoid this the slilrry -is kept agitated in the storage .basins by a; Sun .’and Planet, mixer supported on a,-coricreto foundation in tho ' centre of .the h'qsin. Electricity is led under the toasm and dip this; central column, driving a motor, which, through suitablo gearing, revolved: beatere.


or Tour days’ supply.! . 'IVith tltA nfi®h®?-’ to which such .materials’, are grolin'J {nowadays


The, limestone falls from the [hopper on Extensionfs.


3-0 to 6-30 p.m. o:|i April! 11th and 13th for the Easter


Licensees in tlie on Monday grante


Bolton-b^Borvlai day heard iipplic


liolidaj


3-0 to G-0 arid 10-1 day,' Saturday .iii 11th and 13th. { tho -Pendlo Forest


houfs. for the: Ea^er holidays, !nnd agreed to uniform oxtensiqns frqin ■ im 9-0 '’to 11-011.111.1 to U[0:p.m., 'on!Thiirsl d Mo:‘t e


d. 'Magistrates on ! Mon} itions Tfor extensions of


‘


of visitors on thrii chases, Mr.! J, E Eagle Hotel,' Sr occasional licence field.from ; 11-0 a'm,


is claimed for \the Ouchwell {Bridge} celebrated his 101:


„ .


take pined'{at Siwley'oh Saturday, April 11th, and that tkeyd'would be aibig inil ' day. 'For the steep Speak, of [the Spre vley, was granted


It was' poiuted outrtlili Hunt Sto ii.


{April 9i eplechases ■ ejill


or a ’ marqueo-»6ii to 7-30 p.m;


lai ' The title Of old :st minister ip ijnglai c


Rev. Matthew Glold, M Exmoor, who has ju birthday,


Said to be the firi St.specimen in EnglaiiA a willow treq recei


rouiid the, trunkj -vhich'was fourteen; feet long.' ■ . i. ■ -, i; ; , ■ ;


have 'now been des in 'Moscow. ! for sphere. The' inv great impdrtiiuce. tion’ of weight in stratosphere flyers.


Kpping, Essex, measured fifty-four inche'., ■; - T


, r % felled at] Copt Hall


“ Gas-pr^fsui's made of spdeinr rubber gned and manufactured iscqnts into !the stratd-l ntion is hailed ns ofj


Clitheroe rural area wdrO • extensions of hours friim


of the .first chamber, consists of high -carbon Bteel 'balls vaijing.in size',from 3f, inches


the charge


rival at the li mills which sting of four harrows are ' Water is


pieces of stone weighing '15 cWts. have been dropped into one'of these haijamer mills and


i The .raw, materials are .quarrjed by means, of excavptors, either mecuinicalj .steam or


<, ,


'■\Vhen slur* is fed direct, to the kilns it is jpumpod ffi m the, si frry .basins to!the slurry I feeding and regulitingl^'iapparatus. , Tlfis consists of a tank incorporating a! constant head devic I and spdop'feed wheel., Recedt. practice is to ha4*e the .motor driving’ the spoon feed conpledt'to a generator driven by the kiln motor do that as the kiln speed da altered, the speed of the slurry feed'is automatical y altered at the same tiiie. In 'this way, .ifter having,,once seti,th‘e. feed


^constant: f^ed or when onto irregula is difficult


------- return to regular working,


As this ompressed slurry solids frdm' thoroughly


prevent the


mix^. Into


This horizontally, and t i mix ifci'verticai pressed aih is passed up the centrarcolumn through pjping nm|l glands; to the,vertical B bottom o£- tho beaters.'


provides shafts, am. so to tl n-ater, , keeping theiii ■ tne ■ separation of ^ the (he Kiln.


The rotary^ kiln nnst 'have h regular-and r ,


^ troubles' occur and larity hiis taken place, it


GENUFLECTION. XnH LENTEN SERMON.


!• Preaching ’'Waddingtoi,


•'of the slur ■y"’'to tie quantity required for a given ki n speed,{the depth of feed in the kiln ; Is' con^ant. At all speeds.' ;A rotary kiln for cemmt clinker is a cylinder


'ihuilt * of boiler pla' es 'nndi is anything up I'td. 520 feet long a id '12 feet in diameter. „This cylindir is li led with ■ fire brick for-i jtliB greater part df its'len^h. Thd“aotual: .clinkering tone is ■ ilwnys mow built Ittfger


'.than the-diying' zene.’ Tbo -slurry is fdd jtp' the.kiln by'means of Ijpumping and!is subject to' lutom'atic' check ‘at any time.


..The slurry is slowly! p'assed! down the revolv- :ing;kiln, 'chkhgiiig from itp wet liquid statd on entering to a clinkefiilg state at the last stage, and :t is dipiarged through coolers in the shano, of nbdules or peas on to; a


.jigger ' conveyor - '^hich take?'it to the cement ,raills{ building.'


usually edm d on fiur or five sets of rollers, these rollers being jadjnstoil in puch, a wmy that the; kiln floats' on them, though, soipe-. times kilns work forward-and sometimes up into the smoke chamber.,. They,'are allowed to;, 'do tliA within.* Mrtain- limits, but to prdvint any extensive up or down movement,! tirusti tollers are fitted on tne central pier. . On arrival: at the.-cemdnt mill buildind .the ilinker'. is elevated into bins above j tl e cem.pnt mill feed table—each mill is fed: with tui'ntables,' one for cement andl one for gypsunl of which latter If to 3 per cent, is added. Both'materials qre fed into tte mill .simultaneously.


The kiln, depenking on its length,


.'inanganesa steel 'Jinmmors 'pivoting on these pills. Tho peripheral speed of the hammers


Vitel Processes;


largely similqn to that of 'the raw mills previously described, except.'that the length of the chambbto may vary. | Tho'-charge ;of each clManber is alSo different, as not only


The consti'pclion of the cement mills ; is


' flour, or impslpablej powder} ;is also wanted, so tkat-then, are- a;greater number, of. smaller, grind ug hbdies in a cement , imill compared witl a miLj^indibg rnw.mqtorial. The cement ! Asses tbrougk the trunnion,


' and it is .ejistributed into whichever is by means of I another, strew’


machine, and the 'exact'tonnage ground is in this way accurately known. The ceihent on leaving; th|;|. Wei iliingmachine is taken by a bucket elqva'tbl' to! the|top of .the Isilbs


desired, again conveyor,


D iiriu g „ fe a ht 'jears packing maduindt'


comparatively operated


best. A bag by v acunju; were.I icohohisidercd tbe means of a co


vacuum line, chamber' and pipe, filling th(


machines; is{ GJ number would the, tonnage■of Bags holding


simple' machiine. -It n


a valve operand ,n,conii6’xion''iyith xrnniiiiin Tirtn Tfnruittvt in - nM


removed by hamd i.nd another put place.


When, the conject.freight is obtained the vacuum is


capacity of tuch


eiiieiit flows jin through a bag to the correct weight.


Vacuum is created in nn^o/4


is a reliable and a''comparatively The


■ i cwt. could: be filled, the bags being niado ei.thdr of jute or paj .ier.


to V tons per hour, and a e imtalled, depending lipon cement to be despatched', cwis. of. cement down, to


.tons; of cement: into-1 cwt. paper sacW in the hour, | Th s i^ a vei'y elaborate and {complicated {madiine and it is not possible ''to afford a ‘


descriptipii of it in the timejat


,ported either to railway wagons or to road vehicles as required.! ’


parties interested


the most'modern[ ines and will bo capable of turning out: cemdnt. of ,.1{lie. highest quality possible, and given liberal support 'will make a !vei-j- -u :eful contribution , to fljo relief of uneirii iloyment I in] this' area Opportunity: to v sit the works .rind see machinerj- in .6pek.ntion. will be 'afforded in due .-time..


it is ■ here .that the whole production controlled' from the quality point of vie ; , the testing [of r;.w materials,‘ slurry mix­ tures and riltimi toly the finished prodiict. The,works l-beinj erected in Clitheroe arri on


fl­


kihi; The: labo-atory is one'of the niost important featui es of a, cement works for


drying and pu ul-v wising of the! coal for


Other import! fit jfentures of a cement works are the poWer plant and‘the plant for tlie


'


ouf'-(jispo'sal, Tne paper bags'.are! 4 plj’J or 4 thicknesses, ind iwhen filled are trdns-


a different;type ofl machineihas been! in­ vented capable of'packing ns much os':60


. Of late, however,


the the


automatically ,-broken,; . the! ,hag. in!jits


is' biing in the' machine by lar, the door] .is closed. and


the bearing ,o: I'wbicli is water-cooled!, down a chute, and into* an . automatic; w-eigniag


is the ordinaiy kneiiess ptich ns cau 'bo; measured on 180 and 200 mesh sieves, i hut


j ', flifeA?DNA&i.E IN*


at!' fit; - Helen’s Church 1 jXnmgs, tu> vicar, (iiev. a. Begg) sniQ. .thought is to. bol -pur :love'{and' -loyalty jq genufleot ■ towards'the altar with its


. . f t « « '* , ! . id t o t t i k o u . . r t iM t .k j i ,our heart I ud affection, xuo'iuuutuacutai-i


lof our, relij;ioiii-yiz, ithe Blessed Sacrament: •What'Josui;Christ'did for man 1900 years ago by beomiugi Incariiate,! tkis He! carries


Jesus-' d i 'i s t , ' I More >SnrUoularly-, our thoughts'a: e to .centre'roufid the wery core


Divine .'coiidetoension; and love.


on, extemh to all people {everywhere and for all timi in the Sacrament of His Body and. Blood—a marvellous afrangement of


^should be latherOd,' Also in the bitterness, ) and tragecy .of the Cross, just bdfore; Ifo drew His 1 ist himmn breath, in order that everything d'owlilto the last jot and tittle should be a :compiishedi. He said “ I thirst.”


'little things; especially as they haVq to do 'iwith i-eligh n. Care and attention-in! regard to little d tails are just as important as the big thi iigs because these details express and, empha iize t'te larger more vital!truths. You remen her ■ how careful Christ was that after the 5 000 hid been fed, the fragments


To-day li t us [touch oq ; certain; {details. Let us try to [realize the importance of


; ' iUi. Ancient Rule.


Now' first ofpl| Irt u's look at tile .'matter Fasting, Communion. This is a very . ancient'ride of .the Church.- : Out of rever-


{eneq for J isus Christ,' it has ahvays; been :felt|thajk l i s Satraniental Body and Blood should bo’1 he first food of the day.; ■ Also there is ii this.rule a seirte of personal


iia:.. ..i,


[’’helpful and! are libw' .to'


'Were : trifles, ate |yet'{important because they are of very ancient ;opd uunicmorial custom,! are very' seemly and' reverent, and. are retsoiiable.,; (rhey, are ontward, and.


these tilings which I some off; you! might ! m you: michc


4pen. ylh^leave'toe“ a l te r 'ra . r“^ - .tilings wh


say


'the usage of sb-many! Christians and so- .ni'any Ages. (let I into the way of these- tliings [when you ■ are! young. - | They will, become {second nature; and you will perhaps, help others by lyour example of humble; reverence,to a similar-reverence; apprccia-- tion, and to a! more devout and thankful reception of the 'Divine indwelling.;


of- the 'Holy Mysteries,' and that we; gladly try to [carry, out the customs aanctified by-


expressions.{of lour Christian faith,. ■ tokens j that wb have, been ; tauglisl condPot ourselves ■ in ..the presenco:


Sacrified, and join! in'the great ibtercos'. sion, ill .what vv'e call;the; Eucharist} when: proba.bly you are Wot gqjiig-to | innko your Communion, but are usirig'the great [service: as one [only of worship rind thanksgiving,, there will be a similar:attitude of revcrcnco- qnd deyotibn. There ,'will be vbry reverent, kneeling while the Saci ament is beibg con- secratodj And vvlien the'Sanctus Bell is rung,. There Will bo -at such solemn moments, devout.ji attention, lajid ’suitable thoughts, centring round our Lord’s Sacrifice, and


cn you offer and plead thq great


sacrifice, qi self'denial; .so'fitting-when we are dealing vvitli the speoinl commemoration of{ His greit sacrifice in the broken Body and tho shid Blood. There'a're oho'or two circumstani es which may suggest a relaxa­ tion of the rule,[e.g., ns an:heritage rtom the .old caieless lifeless days of our Church, many devc ut, ebr'nest communicants were never taight .'his. Now When [in the revived life of oui[ Chutch, it is being taught and praefsed,. [these, older, I people must think it 01 to for, themselves. I If from Jong habit, or frOri distance,, or: from, infirm healtfi,-it leems impossible to coiiio-actually ’-5


I


make somt' saefified, e.g., any food- to bo ' 1 . , ,°fl Christian, inheritance. They as light as fpossib e, no smoking beforehand! [


fasting,,.at 'any rate .it would be well to


'whoso healih is ^ood, and who, have been “to or jour; beloved Church. And above- ■taught whi t is sbemly, there should] be no


some token or other, some sacrifice to show ’'s.rtj and valued by thousands of! your ,wo. bring ourselves.into , touch with' Our { ; -.Pu Lord’s Saciifice. But for you younger! people


have undergoni griat impfoyeinents. Until [ rule, and' mcourage them in'iti On the ommin«i.i:,woiv recently; packing macliiueii


other' hand, for presence at the Eucharist ' ■


• - : -


this rule of fasting docs not nbniv. .


are then pi esent to worship, rather than to partake.


; pply . .


Preparation.


The! next .question is' ‘‘ How 'often 'shall I ! come to mike mj Communion?”; To par-


itake, the iteal arid oyr ultimateiaim would-j be. every Sinday and Festival, ; But: with this ideal gies. thi question Of preparation. Before, each S'llnday’s Coihmuriion there should be -ofir private preparation! I should say .hen; ‘‘Come to partiike'of the Sacrament'fs often as you can prepare, and are. not liviig in. rin.” That for; the groat majority of Christian people shojildl easily be at least qiice a month. But if you ‘ ’ '


with that rile, do[ not let that be^’oiir final aim and idcil. Soon it should be possible to go. qftenqr, and if one is really serious and devout, then [every Sunday! fFrom a


rill our 'corfununicants came orily; puce a month,, then i should be quite a i laj-ge num-


village like ffiis, close round tho church, if


Sunday, to 'iay nothing also of the Saints’ days. -


„ -


■'■’■ -'at 8-0 a.m., to qay! noth- — -were able to iCorae' every


'


qi pr.eparati'm. , [Ail books or mabuals of devotion for Churchpeoiple have instructions and forms fiist. But let us see toiit that the preparat on, ^owever simple^ is; sincere and heart-sxu-ching,. Make then! your I'u e of Comn uniori and stick to it % God’s help. Do i.ot let the rule be I rigid, but bo ready to remake it in tho light of pro­ gress, in the Christian life. Self sacrifice as seen in fas ting and in preparation bol'ore- hand, these ire essentials for a liappy com- iminion, qnd help to show our'loyalty to •lesus.Christ; .. Our presence only, as!at the Eucharist slimld lot even bo entered on' -- tly or thDught'essly, but it shouldJalso 0 Jhe normal habit of worship


Now this is veiw important, thi.d matter Sunday, every


Here most of ^ho{ -reasonableriesb icyond rirriu n'ent, i first as expressing our nward tiflinf.ual , feelings and ideas,' and arid helps and 'reminders eris'and feelings. These


/(Cts ol Reverence. ; Acts of' Reverence,


pecoridly hs 'giiides'


X these ini^rd idei lutwa'rd acts lord’s Preser ce in iacrament is only


utwnrd acts of revereneq would be out of lace, would indeed be a mockery, almost


I 1 . - - Bread and Wine,,then


lilasphemy. But if, mysterious though if may. be, wo kiow by teaching, by faith, and 'ly : blessed'


'res,enl at H]3;Altiir,


belong; to Hil l, wo qned and dev ition! dr'ABis. ..'ttje. shall, ra i li ' There will us (if thoi Blessed


e-x-peneuce:' that Our Lord '


.then sfnee {o'ur~hodies I777 f c p p shall express o'lir rever-


- •


with these, bodies wlifch e.g., do so at the altar ,


ihg.'tlip conseiraterl .wafer; buf receiving It ihto-the pain. of 6ur ungloved hands, we sqiall lift It to oiir mouth .quietly, ftnd


rn idjd it would be wrill, if many more of our J ' eople had till is nidaninEful


spcretl Element, is spilt oV droppec^, Those who'hake [the Sign of the Cross-


o fV • „ • „ T!”® Sacrament is the: token .


riiako - It .just before receiving the Ipre'cious nr"ir*'*® m®®io '^?'n8 *k ,<iui,6tiy and


Had


Cross, as tke tiken [if tke same Sacrifice be made by us wi ;h goddwill and courage. Also nq rye kneel ap; the | altar rails, do' not let


>r it will allow a reduc-j the costume worn byi


disturb the i.st’s Srii}rific6j Let the Sigh'of the;


toyerentl.y, A eaqeful attitude'alsd[ towards lO'Cliqlice, Biding that not a'drop .of the


l , nidaningfui' habit—would j linb!t_-«mnW


connectedjto:the various telephone exchanges- tlie-Cljthcrde area;!


The fqllowihg new .Subscribers have bed'i-


Bdltori-by-BowlriauI'; .No;, !l4, Holden, Slaid- {bufn :in‘d{ D irtric t G-o-Oipdrative Society,.;


Clitheroe; w , . fletoon!: kneeling next to us, I hile ho IS receiving the precious fdod, nor I


Main-street,'! Bolton-Bv-Bowland. No'..823, J, C. Dewhurst, 128,.


, Pimlico-road, Clitheroe. Clitheroe; No. 308, Hargreaves ICollieries,.


Wtinlley; No{.!' 192, H. iDellow, Ashdene,” Clitheroe-road, Whalley.


Whalley-road. (jlitheroe, i; : —> • — ■ --■ ' I J


-be ^ a holy rdverenti'al j Elements. No .finger-


of reCerqncB centre round Our His Sacrament! If the


w„ IVo


;young pdo ile objerve this well recognis^' ' r -


t.:. c..,


I iqnd has simply; ‘‘Glorify God therefore .your body.'


u . J l e p t B u n k s a t th g F r e i CLMS A. 7529 Heart’s Content .i.


(032 The,Mirror for Dreams...Notta Muskett 7533 Pamtod Heaven ...... Netta Muskett. 1034 Dohd Don’t Bite ... Douglas G. Brown


7530 Crime Uniiniitod ......... ....... 7531 Th'j Riddle of 'the Ravens .... —G


O mi


iM6 Mend tlie Veldt'.........Annabel Lea, -'■- Hosa N- Uarey


6312 Thd [Mystery of' Tho Seven Cafes .......


mi®' ^^®S*kus.....H. ; Rider Haggard Secrct..;J.' S. Fletcliei-


6—amiJ 'ir --' . -i . ■ Sydney Horler ^n- mil


-cGo S * F l i g h t : .............. Simon Dare S®i‘^


7539 Cookie arid Barley ;.. Mary Wiltshire. /p4D A-ptone for Sharpening ................


Folly ... John Rhode


- r 4i TT In „ a i r i i


/544 Death in a Little Town................. J. '-i-iir TI I ' • i


Daughters I ........ Richard Starr '• .... i—- Ronald A. Knox


Among I Friends, Wai-dle Taylor


todS Harvest m thq North...Jas. L'. Hodgsoii Jokanna .. Eliz. Convbridgd-


^kO] Devil Rides!Out.'.Dennis Wlieatley n 5''®*' i'J ^'*®


ns have t.q learn Something, :'of outw.a'rd! acts Ts 'l ^ r? mi!®l


-..1 Medicino ..u,. Robert A. Bennett oqffiGuij Country ... iWilliam :C. Macdonald'


Jeqn of-the Lazy A ...... B.M. Bower .7pq6 Elizabeth ......... Frank -Swinnerton-


(1-4 Thrde Girls and | a Hermit _ i


CLASS B.' ru IS I li-G mi. i -


1(|85 Mutiny of H.M! Ship “ Bminty” ... I » ,


q94 I Ljved jn a Slum ......... [................ .'j : ;. . Mrs. Cecil .Chesterton-


1 ; : CLASS P. CLASS


........ Boy Baker !


1351 Science in the Horiie . 1318 Worldd ! Without-‘ End .................... .


[ ^ wl B. Little


tin mi- C ' Bi- Spencer Jones, F.R.S. ^0 Tke jPerfCct ^Garden.Walter P! Wi''Skt.


N p a tE E ; [p iE iS E 1


Sir John Barrow- Chiirlcs Oman


Tkri^Trusted Outlaw.,Johnson McCullev! After ,Dnrk,..Stephen Maddock .......* Ben Bolt


I . Konya ... Nora K. Straiigo[ ,


Yeqrs...Elizabeth Carfraoj Happiness...'...Jean Barro'


I Dorothea Conyers]


iPdl D*'’®'' ............ Wallace Q. Rcidi looa Slcliedn Knows Best..Georgd Goodchild!


D. C. 'Woodthorpd- Bridget Lowiy


Desire..Margaret Pedlar Power..,...Edgar Wallace


A. Thompson David Huiiio.


' Leonard Gribblo. C H A f fB T f l l (..'Elizabeth Carl'rao.


ladies’ Bright Hour oil I ■


BRIGHT IHOUR.-Th


a:l(i helpful address on t hich: gave pleasure ti ] t


WHIST ranged


Gilild'i on prizes were[; Mi Wilson, 'Jl[r3.[E. jH


and Messrs. R. Ai Barnes


by tho Co|-di :ii^llt


DRIVE. Ro linsiif. idsoii


, HOMING SOOIETY.-i-'J i rg of the Chatbiirn' Hi) h(M : last night ri-cc|:, A Itobinsoii, [who jvas' l.atci ■eheted presidentj bbiiig i 'W, Heatori iwas| appoint with Mr.' F. j J.acksoii, jcli Ml. T,» Norgrqvo, jsecretai-} Tor the racing sensoil wore t l e special p[rizes awarde •rices, prospects for pi'omising.'


a shc' '


M[ednesday Swallow) attendance.


beting. was hbld' ut ' night} -(lie i Vi


: - ' ! ' I I r VESTRY MEETING .-1


. L.{ KijigWilkinsonl a;


presiding pve I The IVioiir


-Mr. H- H'ekton] was | r i Warden. Afterwards, the C mqeting topk: place |iii tl: Vicar agaiii being in ;ln appoint^ were Coldiiel J and Messrd. H. Niold, E G. iFrinidll,


■to:the Couiibil in [place died and two irbnjoved ' yorir. : .All .tho [rcmainii ■ re-elected. [ '-Mrs- L. Ki Mrs. Shutllewortlijwcro, sentatives to the ijiqccsaii toree years, and Mrs. F: "■! Grbbnvtood' will be representatives. Speci.il made to the'fCathtxlral F aeiRatiqri df the balance •Higlitori., I The accounts teost satisfactory', and the, kudgot, wore :adoptc|d. : D "JK; . tho Vicar warmly 1 ®fficqrs_ for their iscrvic ®Porntioa during tho ycai


Mtoittaker, Riddiough, H.' Nixon, Fraiikland, members.


J. Rawlinson, I! T. 'Wigifall,' A.]


tl fpur: latter! Three j now ihci


1 ' i


m : 1 ■ I ^


‘^toiiriated a su'cebtsful |\ i Mblveb itavc j;


i '


S 1 ■


i* 4".'


pody^and in^your spirit which {are jGojUi’s.” The Revised Version'omits the lattor words,


Church . ,


re ‘glorify God in lyoui nsuvti uiv UU »


fi''®*'


{. Remember, St.i Paul's „ . ...


'the Corinthian


actual Con munion except .before breakfast, y and i love, for Hih) who so lovingly ! con- *1 truqt oldi :r peoplp will see to; it that their


side toy side with the revived spiritual thoy can be made tokens of our loyalty 'toendk to. us, and' accepts us, ourT servico- in , another : connexion in the Gtli ‘‘ Therefon


They have ^rowu.


'.fill Ho-[did for us;I with sipecial prayers, ' intercessions and intention's offered in| union. '


■with His intercession in in heaven now. >1'.:.' mi!


!j Christian inheritance.


ininutia; . connected : with our biviiie ■vice, and because 'so. connected, of[ value Bind 'helpWness. I trust I i ___ made nlyself clear. ! I should have it very ■lieavilyt: on nty conscience, if any of you


I Such'jithen' are sijme oPthe details


and! Ser- real have


'had come short because'I 'had not thus ex- ■blainedl: those ma{tters.! Cet this clearly


some of. them toay, seem, are yet things .qiisliriniog great truths, which


“''fi bodily‘as to an


A S , ;" :* : '’- holy.


* ' n


.Saturday, th Wednesday at at 'RdssbnJale.


'are ' qt | home 'jlonddyj they


'trlio fdllpwing New' Brighton, days. I


leservds. ■


■ team a -forward.


: Slieplii wing oil'


Barrow, jTlio


f. I


tii Hoi , live


'There i will be I ’m thirikiilgl


Wddnesd I Fiv


rd, 'iv! Wednesday; w


Landen,, Lowe: W with ■ ' Soljt'ofitli Liverpool, moil.


^ ^


*jlj- S'* J MU ’ ■


. nobody’s proteftiqii. and'can get the playei


• old, Evbrton wirig.n-,' hii South Liverpool 0:1 Wet inako fhi'bcst; us> of ,'t


, Against poor djipo.sit — n _ playing in the


i Oatw'ay, Clitheroe


: Walking afternopri.


the I left-hack


He was I (iut of Liverpool and 'di:


on AVed iiesda'i ! ilanch


I, inie) across


i Btrenuohq game nt High ; happy. [ Ho |hm


! inasters of thd school wo


vdrsities. team',


.. mder: ^ r . Har.,, ,..


imsters'had beaten the del Pol’s: first eleve Tlib masters had


tidri showed that t pie'cc off tho| Ishiii- ! bo ic, jli: nursing] the leg ill a [' ; .former jCfitherdo (ilaybr, Chatburnj and [thel accidi ragrettilbie, bcca){3e bp reftirement, soldly to ajsi apdi to ‘riive tho hcjiefit] 0 .yiiurig ^.-ly ri. -


the (sdrai-fiiial Satiirc i ; at I ,


,


(lire ay, hds provrtl 1 [first belicvid.


, m


r';fereo ;tnat “ !Bil|y Elli fibril into] a teain.’i’ ,'|| !


Chatbutii had to .tliarik


4 stin for] their vidtory ^cliool.l (jld Boy| oiv scored three gqalsj


third and wiijniitg hugged [to denthf”


w showriJin the remark 1 plilyeri. ! Tlio :, m


ho iujury .sustaiiieil .10 lit


four fold boys, iiuwi ■I:


and' linji biiei been


^ aster] 6f the 'jranin otball togs ami lookiiif


just :-'ly q-a by tl


lis' c appoii


denied: being qnd or th I t was; suggested thathat nursery , for the First 1 the “ gates ” they get, 1


I ECO 'that South Liv m a si


OF WApDINGTON ■ OF REVERENCE.


••1 ill.


Idd Vfo!|delay.too loig,-so as. to keep others.^ frpm kneeling;where we have knelt. * Und


.if; by chance , as we go-forward !we are in 'the;middle-.of! the ichoir, and tkerb is'no :vacantjplace fbr us; at the altar rails, it is a! good and reasonable custom .to kneel


down between .the qhoir seats until there a


vacant' place. I ' I Genuflection.


' I • Wo now come to 'Genufloctiou. ; iV in


anoty^; . p.ious and'Te.asQnabie cuStom^to'. gemlnec't, i.b.,i tb !bend. the iknee, !in the


ajigust'bacrambntal presence.,! A' person at. 'Cpurt-genuflects when he or slWcomfes into


'I


■4 4 ^ Wi


Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13