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TE WO H A D V E R T I S E R A N D T IM E S . F R ID A Y , S E P T E M B E R 25, 1925. OF IPi EOAIO By Dr. W. W. VAUGHAN.


I Dr. Vauelliaii i,-. I’r.-sidml af the !■Mn<•illion Sort i' li i oi die llriti^^ii :\ssu-


ciiiuaii. :n:(l tlia lo'.lo'ving is an .\ii(liv>' til till' .\>siioiatiiin].


Wiilnmt ulalming any dut'p knowliRljit.* ot


tin- my>iury of wfaviut;. it may In? a'.'^iimuil th a t \vi? all kmiw tliu tlitK*r»‘Ufo ln?t\vutMi the* warp ami llu* wonf. in lln* lar tory tin- loom ."land' a ' llu* f ' . 'fi i i ial nnicliim? lor ihf cr»‘- alioii tiiat i ' to ulothf or adorn. In lilu ihe .M*hool . 'lands for tin* la.'liionin^ of iho fahric t.f clmractur. 'Hio li‘imlliwi>e ihruad.^ of ihu wtirp inn>t Ik* (.•rofr>i‘il hy lliruatl.' ot thu wall, or woof, hoforu tuclilu i'olati»m uan hnuomu eompaut ami 'urvicfahK* lexinru. r.ni I liavu no wi'ti to follow np tlm im-la-


D


lihor loo flahoraicly. Snjipti.'in^ tliai tlu* warp I 'fpi ' f 'f i i t ' in filnuaiion tliu inllnmicos lliab shapu thu rhihl*.' t l f 'l i j iy as imagim.-d l»y tin* .'■itJiU' or tin* part-iil. flow mdarging. imw r rami ' ing in thuir on't.-ct. llu* cro.'.'- ihrt'iuU art* UiO'U tliu luarher with skilful or cluin.sy hand, as tlu* uhm* may hi*, .'hoots, with ihi* hulp of till* shnllU*. aunvss llie warp. J know wrll tSiai tlu* wcavur’s tingors of tlu* original liaudloom' liavt* hi*(*n snp- phnitud hy many uuuning duviir.', ami that, tlu* ,'imph* and |irimitivt* tlivision of tlu* warp t l i road' i ' now snp:*i'i'di**l l>y counth-ss lu*d- dlrs. oi* iiuald . 'haf t ' , whiuli :dlow ol innmn-


i*r;il»k* vtirijil iojf' of jiatlurii. •So it has liorn with tlu* odnoational lootii.


Tlu* simplicity of llu* thrci* H‘s has hccn .soj)- cr.'cdcd hy complicated programme,' ot work that have grown up iiapha'/.ani to nu‘cl momentary tu*(‘d ' and to Inltil smhh'ii liupcs. and iliciv i ' hardi \ ’ more dill ‘*ri*iict> hctufci i llu* mat on which ihc halt-t ivil i'cd man km.'lt to pray and tlu* varied and c.xtcnsivo prmliici.' of nuidcrn c'o th ami rihlion looms than there i ' lietweeii llie programme of an elementary .'chool a hundred years ago. and at t.*liihlren of the .'amc ela.'S may learn day. And yet. a ' I have .saiil. elmtu'e.


or eapriee. or 'cnt imenl has had more ttj do witli its development tlnin any clear idea in mi'n's iniiuls as to wlnit should ht* iiieanl hy education. At urn* time we liave talked of educational ladder ' , at aiiotlu'r of Inojul highway' : Inu 'u ch lilc"cil and coii'oling pi 1 rase' , though pn"il»ly pulitically trnit^tnl. have licmi cei taittly edncationally har ren. 'riie ladders have loo often onlv cmililed the pupils to climh to narrow Init overcrowded ])latforms, and. though on the hroad high­ ways progri'ss ha< lu*i*n pleasant emnigli. tlu? traveller.' along them have at !a't been led from tlie toil that wring.' the sweat Irom the hrow in factory or field to tlu* toil th a t cni'I)' m a n s Pack on the oilicc-'i'iol or hy


liic comilcr-sido. Ii i ' pos'ihle tliat the warp—to give u it>


dm* precedencv*—lias keen too complit'aled. it is cer tain that it has lieen too uniform. This has <u»mc ab o u t . as Imve many oilier evil lldmgs. from unite rcspectahh* causes, c.g.. from the neccs'ity of ' l imula t ing liaekward distr icts, liu* desire to re.' train wayward en- thii-'ia>l' the importance of ge t t ing valne tor moiie\' expended hy the Slate, hilt the results have heel! nnfort Him te. d'ho'e who Inive lioen eiitlinsiii-tie tor i*dueation. inelnding man> who an* here to-day. liave not dared to raise discordant voices lor tear ol providing am- innni t ion lor others who. on the phnnihle idea of pnhlie economy, etnplov all the di la­ tory taet irs that the ' t i i igy mind <-aii devi'C to save tin* rate s and ta.xes.


No Return in Happiness or Uso?uInoss. Ilei'e. ill a nu’ct ing of friwids ol rdueat ion.


a healthv 'Ceptieism may lie indulged. 'I’ake two or thn*e of the nijestioiis that might helji us to eh*arer mind' m to our purposes, I ' tlu) as'.umptioM that the Siatt* slmuhl


tlevolop to the full all tlu* intelk*<?tua! ahil- ilit*s i.f a'] its eitizeiis s.iuiid:' Kv<*n if this wt*re pO'si!)h*. is it desirahh*r Wi* ilo not eiuleavonr to de\eiop to the iiill all tlu* phy­ sical powei-v.


\Vi* know that so we might


increase tlu^ niimher of * ' .'troiig men,” or even throw the ili'C' tnri lu'r . IMan is .so woii(h*rful!.v made and has >t> many pO"ihil- ities of ilevelo|iment in mind or body that a wise n ^ a r d for halane,* mii' t ever eiirh tin* ei i ihi i ' iasi i r trainer.


i havi* heard it ser­


iously argi i id ihat the 'chool ' of I'jigiand should he pas.'i'd th rough a sieve to tliscovor wldeli hoy- liave ;'ii aplilndi* for. .'ay. llu* yards hiirdi * ra c " ; tha? tlu’se should


Im'


trained and allowed to run no other distaneo. unti l hy dreary rei terat ion lhal mnsenlar development might he made perfei't and l‘-ng- land will at the next Olymoie (h ums , mid so hy some simi lar <-oiu i*m1 I'alion of pliV'ioa! effort we might reeovi*r from l'”ranee flu* Uawn 'ret;nis ('liamj'iimship. from America onr golf renown, and jierhaiis even the ashes from llu* Colony where they now lie heaped. 'I'he ahsiirditv of Ihi '


'I'eti here at all


e \e i i is ; )>ut is it not also ali'Urd to I'lieoiii*- age enormous niimhers of hoys and girls to a one-sided or even to a many-sided inlelh.*c- tiial devi'lopment. wlu*n nei ther ihe State nor they tliem'(*lves are to get any return ill happiiu'S' Ol* iisel nliu‘s< r I’erhap- 1 shall get into tronhie for iisiiu: these words. .\!om* they may lit* harren of iu stdrat ion. hnl me- tl iinks tiiat in that mv' t ica! union tlmt uti- I'omantie words may enjoy in Ihe mind ol men they gatlie r creat ive pow**?*. and lliose who hnild the loom of life may well (h> worse liian malce suia* lhal the warp admi ts ot happy and s •rvireahle <*it i/.en>hip being woven Oil it.. And there i ' great need to think' of these two at once, for at times wlieti s tanding in the great weaving-shed o| lih* if has st*rim*d in the past as if siuvict' and tlu* joy were being woviwi not on tlie same hnl on dilfereiu looms. And I'Ven now. wlien the workers liavi* been granted or have ex- a<*t('d more tolera.hl** eoiiditions. then* is still sonu'thiii)!; pat<*!iy about t!a*ir si*rvi(*e anti their hai ‘pines.s. Seven hours of jtiyless work thi*y elaitn. or its etpiivalenl in still more joyless doh*; in tlu* residtaiit eight hours of leisure litth* real joy is harvested and exeitemenf


ratlu*r than liappiness


aimed at . It i ' ea'V to 'e.> how iiiis ha.s come aliout.


No Pleasure in Work. XO IMdCASriM*: IX WOl iK.


It may he tlmt witliiit the limits of fliis As.^ieiatitui the eaii'i* is to he fonml.


I t


was to the discoveries of science th a t tlie industrial revolution was line. Yon all know how wliat. was a blessing capable of mi t i ­ ga t ing human toil heeamo for a t ime a power that releiitle.ssly heaped more and more and more toil on human hacks, and enrnllod ill the workers’ army oven the tendere.st cliildren. And tlicn the reaction came,, and witli llio vote tlio power, and now the work­ e r ’s idea lias <‘lianged. Worlc and iileasure are becoming isolated in wa ter - t ight com­ par tments . More and more does work tend to got .squee/.ed of all idea, of pleasure. Loss amt less do* we expect onr fellow-men 1o lind rea.sonahio sat isfact ion .in tho performance of the hroad-winuing dutie.s. l)i.scontont is a neco.ssary ingredient of life, hnt i t ceases to bo divine when i t invades every corner of


DGTH


onr a<*1ivo life, ous t ing from work all its n-deeming •|iialities except the .sense ot com- rmleship, and the presence of t lmt i.s often only tolerated he<*aust) of its usefulness agaiiKt the <*i)mmoii )«h*. The master eral ts- imui of old had a h apimr imd nobler concep­ tion of life than th i ' . We tlo not wish to revive llu* metliod.s ol llu* middh* ag*-***- Coiild we not detain for tlu* redempt ion of the new nu*thod.s the old jiossihility ot plt'aisure in


work before it i> gmu? for ever!-' We need. hov.i*vi*r. a rea*-oiu*d not a sent i­


mental faitii to have the right to delay the ilepartinu* ot a reluetant giu*sl. So we must not he >,atistied with aiigin-til wink.s Imt mu' t expose at. .'ome ri.-k onr ileepesi convictions. (*ven though tlu*y ilasli with onr earlut^L Impes or our political piedik*<tion>.


Tho Leaving-Ago Problein. 'hwo eonvieiions have grown upon inu a f te r


inl ima te expi'i’ieneu ol ihoiLsaiuis ot hoys he- iwci'ii thi r teen and iiin<‘leen. I'he tirsi i.s l iiai as a gi'iieral rule tlie j iidgmeui passetl upon llii*m at iliirleeii holds goofl so ta r a> intel­ lectual devciopmeiu is eoneeriU'd unti l tliey an* eightii*u. ami . iiidei'd. much la te r loeu and Ihat jiist a.s the .siiprione work of the world requi re' soiim t reativi* power lhal lies dormant and i> almost tairy-liki) in its eliisiveiies'. .so mtieh of tin* work ot the woihl requires littl(* iiui*llectnal dist inct ion ami hut a ^maII dose ot laiu'.v. I'anc.v ami d i ' l iml io n play il.-eii* pa i l , however. I)iit it is a part tlmt iv imleiiendenl of the warp and po.S'ihly of tin woof of edueiuion. A


plan mighi> mar it. It Itiilow.' from thc 'c that tlu* purely


.mJ iooI t*iliieaiion i- even now eoni inued lof) long for some. At. i»resenl the ai r is full of projects for extemhug the school lite ol all lievomi tlu* agi* ot lourte*,‘n. ’I’liis shouhl he done l\)r many pupi l ' , hnl not for all. it Inll- tiim* educat ion is im*aiil. Simie jnipils and I am not thinking mi much of lhe reealei trant a.s of the wil''iiig learners—seem iimihie to open tlie gates of their minds to any im- I»i*«*'sioii.s or knowledgi* tha t ma.v wish to ente r th rough the foim rooNi. We teaL-li.fs fumble with’ all tlie k«*y.' of knowledge thai wo possi.'ss, and yet we cannot unlock the I'litrance. We even cal! in tlie doctors with thei r wisihmi. ami tlu- laihlists with their ” OpL*n S i 'amc s . ” ami w’e ai’e still t reated as iresims.ser' and hKikeil out .


desperate task to a t temp t to make some o. thu work of tlu* world even tolerable, mueli le.s.s pleasant a.s a jiaslinu*. How can the s er ­ vice of a machine, the repeut ion work ol a factory, the doing of such menial tasks as w-ashiiig and senveiiging. ever he anything liul wearisome? Well. 1 have .'cen much liappiness liarve.stcd in a laundry. Repeti ­ tion work lias lieen made tolerahh* under wise ami blessed welfare work. We lucil to leach more eonvineingiy liow to break the* s|)oll ol gold, how to measure Imppincss not hy “ ilte purple of great place.” Imt liy some other


.standard, how to sail past seductive prosper­ ity not with hands li«d m>t with ears slojiiied up witli wax. as I ly."i*' <oa.'ti*d the dan- g(*j'*ni.' .'bore, bill, unlet tered. and e \en at- leiitivi* to cluioM* a glimp>e ot t ru th , a lo\ e ot heauiv. in preference to worldly or ma te r ­ ial Mieeess. Tlii-, af ter all. i> the power that IMato would have edueaium produce. \ \ ’i* .seem almost lo liave lost th r will to


lu*ep hv edueatioii tlu< ports of the .'iml and the mind ever open to the imprt*'sions oi i*xi)oriem*e. to tlu* s l i r r i t tg' of emotion, to the slow and endur ing iniluenee of the rea­ son. We liave too often pinned our laitli on the proiliietioii o) dexter i ty, ol im*iital faeil ilv. “ f almo' l ihoiighll e'S aeeiiraey. and we have our reward in our edueat ional looms l.eiiig il l-adapted to the product ion of cm* t(*ntmeiit. ami heaiiiy and the poui ’i* or ihe


will te reason.


Tho Teacher’s Opporiunity and Task. If it i^ on the warp th a t depends the plan


of edneat ion. il ii is in llu* warp th*il exieju of oppoitiiiiilie.' . lice a'pi ral ion. ' ol the com- iinniiiv Of ill.' tiiiii^


recognise samo apt i ind'


refrain


I..... ... I'liiU'MfU'l'. Ami liu' tv.mi m tli.' U'at'lK'r's .i|.iioriiiiiity. 11 h-' i.-' tvm;' ln' uul lliiU. t'lU'l. iii'livi.liml . ; if In'


I’' ' ” '*' \vi>t'i' still 1k' will a.'I t ‘K'


fnmi lalL'lliiiLt nm' s.'t .4 :ii*tilml.''S Mill, iimitlier as laid. Tim wuav.'i' i;an


.(.'t' liiiw iniick Nat'M Im lias t.i w.irit t t i th , liv lilin.'iiMt; it its . laal i tv is km.wii t.) lum. Ii.ii til is kimwli'.|.,si' IS i.iit ii.iss.'ss.'.l liy t m t.'-mlmr


Tin' snpplv nf aliililv ami wdl- 'I he.'C .same


< liiidri*n .show themsi’Ives hy no im*ans willes.' witeii faecil wiili the problems of life. In a trade, with its dire<*i liearing on livelihood, or under tlio quickening iuliuenee ot imme­ diate ri'ward. or in the friction of tlu? work­ shop. thev heeonu* even hi’iglit. 1 would not let a eliild nff one hour of .scIumiI lite im*i'elv lor the saki* of an industr.v. lmin>- t r i i ’s wei't*. altei* all. nnuh* loi* im*n, not men for indusiries. But I should give generous remission alli*r louriet.*)! to those who showed no .sjieeial aptitiuh* for hook-h*arniug or any other form of direct educat ion, on eomlition that they were kepi wi thin the spoil of cor­ porate life and in touch w'ilh teachers cap­ able of undermining the outworks ol suspic­ ious pride ami of sounding reverentl.v the ahy.'stna!/ deeps of personalit.v. I'or great i>nrposi*s. musie, l i ieraiur ' dramati<*. pic torial , ami manual , ealhul oil to give generous lu*!)).


llie.'C


and a r t . imi' t l)c


Genius Never Wasted. Again, we should beware ot tho morbid


fear of genius lieiug wii 'led. It detu*' alike the neglect of state.sinen. tho over-carclulness of teacher ' , even the cramping eircumslanees of tlaily life. Ability, an even more rohiist plant , gets now a very good chance of heing M‘cogui.M*il. True, tlu* owner ’s want of char ­ acter . hi.s or her parents ’ want, of means or of will, often iuvo'ive ster i l i ty a l te r recogni­ tion. 'rhe Sta le can .'lep in to make good in .some mea' i i re tlie want ol moans; it is we. ilio te a d ie i ' . who are eliallonged to lor- tifv the eharaeti*r. 1‘ur ihor . abil ity wlion hamliiappetl ncit lier hv jioverty nor hy in­ nate fi*ehlom" may mU alway.s •doyolop in quite the wav that wo. wiih our ideas of success. \Mmiii think 1h*sI ioi* it , 1 am not sure that, a man may not do soeii'ty a rielu*r servicT’ as a Traih* I nion leader , al t i 'r grad­ uat ing as an ar t isan, or even as a lover ol knowledgi* 1 1 1 a W.K..V. eia's . wli il' t still doing maiinai labour, than lu* would have done had he been enrollLvl hetitnes in the hlaek-eoaleil hrigadL*. Some r i 'k ol wa' te must he run nnloss wi* are to go ovi*r and over .igain tin* heajo ot rejeett*il human ma­ terial. Let the warj) h*e generously jilanned. hilt do not let it he so int r icate in its aims, or so as to make U' at any time eonlident that it cannot he improved and lhal those who esca|ie it an* tailnros. Again, may ! plead that all wlio are oeen-


pi(*»l witli .'(‘liool-. a.s teacher.', or adminis ­ t rator s. or. ami i*speeia!ly, as ilu*ori'ts. will reeogni'i* more fully iliaii they have done how truly eduealed an* manv who liavi* t*s- eaped. as’ mav I)t* tlmiighi prematurely, from tlu' delinili* inllueiiees of s(*hool: 'I’he agri - eii itnral lahoi inr . with his UnowleilgT* (it and often lender .sympathy with animal life, his watching' of the 'c a 'o in . h i ' weather lore, his 'ki l l , h i ' heantifn; 'ki l l , in building ot t l iatehing h i ' rick, his power to drive a s t raight iitte with the plough, his ahi l i ty hy wi'c. almost n i th l c ' ' , severity to lor t i ty the qnielisi'i liedgL*. i ' a hel ler i*duc.*iti*d man. even tlmiigh lie left llu* selmolroom at tliir- teeii, limn many a clerk wlu' snilered eom- pleti* i«iim*i'ion in a secondary sclu>ol eour'C and, satislie.l witli the henel i t ' ol his hap- tisin. Inis sine* then only heeoim* a li tt le more slAlh'd in ligiires and tiling. 1 liave mentioned the agr icul tural lab-


mirer. hut the 'hipwr ighl and the sailor too. to thinl\ only of llie dweller' in th i ' l lamp- shire where we meet. »*an. I (liink. eonsid‘.*r the ediicatiiig va'ne of llieir work as 'ome eoinponsai ion loj* their too-sJiori school days, 'rhc't* would come out well if we a}.plied to them only the u*'L that ! 'hal l .stoutly con­ ch nin as tlie sob* le't of tin* ti*ac‘her's work - the test of !u»w do thev employ thoir lei­ sure!-' Sipiely tlie thonght-frec* idieuo's at cot tage door, tin* frii*ndlv banter in tlte vill­ age* taproom, or the arguments at the work­ men’s elults are not so vapid. m» unrefrcsh- ing. a< tlu* “ Rev u e s ” ami many of Ihe lialf-de<*ent dramas and Imoks with wliieh ** Ihe more* educ-ated ” kill thei r leisur.*


time. The Vocalionn! Basis. . \nother cause for tlie niidiie <*omplieaiion


of the warp and its maehinery is the desire to give liy edneation a Ina.s in tlu* direction of some par t ienlar vocation. We shonUl he all a t one in eoiulemniiig such a t tempt s be- foro file cliihl is tJiirleeii, Imt a f te r tha t age some other metaphor is neoiled and tlie work shoulil ho left to the le.ss r igid woof. The very word ” bias ” .sugge.sts a dead-weight , ail iti.sidion.s approacli. a ci’af ty iwi.st of Itand. H is surely voeational inspirat ion th a t


p.nvti' tlmt. is avaiialili' Ini' ins iim'iinsi's Vaf­ ins finni .lay tn day, Ifnm ,'vaf m .'vaf. Jn imn fast' it is snaiity wlmii tlin I'liilil is tliir- tn.'ii. in In' nlinmlnnt at sixtn.' l i '. in amitlii'r ("isn tim ttlnfimis pi'iimisn nl tliiftnnll laiU's away as ynafs gn liy. In many lancy plays straiinn ti'inks. ami nnw and tlinn the iman- inalinii is t'liasnd away fnan lln- mental jii'i-'-


ein.'ts liy an ov.'i'-retent ive nieimify. Dm tein'ln'f has nn sensitive weavef'.s hnn.'i's, ini millef's niildeii tlininh. hy wliieh he .'an in- fallihlv test his iminment . ami yet tlin shiil-


tle miisl liy hank ami fnre. Imeanse il the toadmf I'ests the thi'.'ads will snnn he tautth'd. ami even wlieii


lu* works there are olhei


workers too, some del iberately, witli I ene- h>re-’ike perver.sitv, unruvel l ing hy night the l;jl,„ur of the dny. ollieis br inging contusion iiil.) tlu* iiallerii by adding t l i readsol s t range colour' and uMceriaiii st rei igih. Because teai-hei-' feel thi.' thev efioii occupy tlie whole of a chilli’s lei'Ure ami emle;iv.*ur U> immop- olL'c i t ' mental aetivitii*>. Belore abusing tliem fo rd o in g this, ought not i!ic citizens in see to il more zealously tha t the ei iy is a place for ehiUli(*n to live in. lhal then* aie fewer iiolluting sights, tewer discordaiit noises ill i i r


lin>l I'-spi'i'.'.-m". i'"""'- >'.s-


pre?<.'ion, it i>- on the wool tha t the )iai teiu ili'iR'ii.U. til.' U'.xuiri'. 11k; ilnn.'.iilil.v. Dk' iD^siliilili.''. ill.' '' I';"'.........


THE LAT'E MR. R. GILLEI'I’.


3 1 E 1M O U 1 A L D E D I C A T E D A T S T . . J A M E S ’S G l i U K C l I .


A oommnnion laiiie, pre.seniod lo St .


.lames'^ (.'Imrch in memory of ibe late Mr. R. C!illett. .l.iL wa> hi ' l nigbl week dedicated b\ till* Bishop of Whalley (Dr. Bavy.'loriie) in


tfu* presence of a la rge eongregal ion. The table, on wliieh w'ere tliree va.'cs of lilies, is of oak and heaul i lnl ly carved. Dr. llaw>>loriie eho'O a.' I'.is text trom tlie


R<*vi)-ed \ ’er.'i.)ii (b - " ! ) , ■’ Xow abidell t fai th, liopo and love, llie.se three, and llie greate.'L of the.'C i.' love.” Wit lioul fai th. h(* saiil. tlie world eouhl lint, eniiiiiiue. Fai th entered into every ilepar imei i l of life. Wi thout il we eouhl not car ry oii our coiii- meree. 'fhe real rea.M»ii lhal lay hehiud tlu* very seriim> comiitii' ii of t rade at tiie jire- sont l ime was th a t there was a lael; ot fai th ll iroughoii t llie world. 'I'here waN no c-»nlidem-e th a t when onlers were given they would lie car r ied out . and tlial wlien goods were produced they wouhl he paid for. Fait li


greal iv needed.


believe in what they could not m*i* ami e.s- plaiu, 1ml wa ' it not 'perfectly rea>ou:ihic ami na tura l that tha t iiualily which wa.' re- ipiircd to car ry on in every tlay lite .'hoiihl lie required hy Xod. They ought to have faitli


l)i*tweeii laaii and man wa' .moiiu* pe‘iph* uciiiid not


SOI. l>ia!A.M;s !*iircl.asL-.l in A I), iss) (>v


Best London Styles. Aw.Utirtl J I*;;.','


iNs-iI'i n*o\ sKUNt; Till.


■ i\< l •


ITUCAOHflkC


H;uu!»omc l).",i^ns Siiii.-.- «


iniprovi'inciiis. All l.iU-xt The “ DAINTY


J. E. SMITHIES


2. Shaw Britlge Slreel, Clitlieroe AUTUMN FASHIONS


1 1 1 (io«l. Fai th wa.' the vi*ry g round­


work of religion.' life, Imi lliey mii.'l go fur t l :er ami heli»-vo in llie Fatherhood tU (tod. Fait li wa,' lhal p.iwer wi thin whi<*li etiahled llmiu to see (»od Irolii wilhoii;. Mope wa ' the handmaid of fai th. I'a iih


looked LO the past ami to e.xperieiici*. ami hopi* looked to the future.


It wu' a


treuieiuloU' taelor ill ilaily lilt*. !l leil im-ii to per.'cvere and to wail for tlu* t rui t ion o| thei r desii-C'. lloiu* was tin* aiielior ol the


.soul, for it prevented them from dr i f t ing on U' tlaiigeroU' roctv'. M"pe e " ei i t iaily ho- loiiged to the young, hut to ('lirisl iaiis iuipo grew s t ronge r with the advance ol^\car.>. Love stood hehiud lai lh and hope, llu*


f rui t ion ol llu*ui heeauso it wiis tiiat virtue and qua!il>; wliicli entered into daily hie . s i fci iglhening tl icir lai ih ami hj*ighiciiiiig


the i r hope. It tuade them teel more ami tuoii* that


fai th am! hope wen* a grand real i ty, ami sliowcd how- faitli and hope could iulluciice the i r dailv life iiy iiierea'i i ig in tlu*m the spiri t tif ’ love. It WU' tiiis s|»irii ol Itivc whiclt wouhl draw out tlieir lib* in re.'iioiis.- to (lod and the Loril .lesus t h r i s l . Ovt*r and above the four Cospels m the Bible there was a lifiii. which wii' tlu* (bi'i't*! ot tlic example of those gold men ami WiUiieu who had gone liefoiv. having learnt hy lilitli. luqie ami love to lollow .lesU'. 'I’liey were gathered in memory of one lu*


'I'lu* -ehooi where tlu* <‘lU'U


Spends six h our ' may he made li<*autilul: what of the .streets where twelve hours ot wakefulness are .spent And il Irom d.is l<j day the woof may he inier lered wi th, nnirred i)V outside inllueuees. a l te r the holidays the teacher may fail to recognise his work at all. I l was only tlu* other day 1 lu*ard one ol


llu* wisest ami most experii*need social work­ e r ' ailvoeate a. longer day iti school, mil tha t the child might, he taiiglil more, hut tlnit lie migiii si'ciul a gre a ie r propor t ion of his !il<* awav from tlu* eoulagion ol tlu* sti'cets and the ili.seoiiiloris ut tlu* crowded liome. ^ A\ hat a eomitu*iit on oiir streets ami liomt*s I A\ hat a condemnat ion of our lalse ideals!


*'


elial!eiige ti' all teachers to revi'C thei r idea' of (‘iti'/.euship!


a series ot experiiiu‘iil> - exiieriments noi


A Groat Educational Experiment. Wliat is ri*ally wanted in iMighiml now is


m: uli*. as so otleii. in a limited held. Imt experiim*iit' made on a geographical lia.sis, ( • rants are made hy the Board oi I'.dueatioii to individual school' lor ingenioU' i*xperi- ment ' in the ti‘acliing of special subjects. 1/cl tho Sta te have more eourago and make not a bigger hnt a freer grant to .'nine city, say. of .'ill.OiMi inhabi iai i ts . wliieh will <*xperi- meiil on tlu* wliole liehl ol I’lliieatioii. or to some county d i ' i r ie t wliicii will do tlu* like. I’p to now tlie experiment. ' nuule have lu‘en no guide as to the best wa*' of de>igniiig the loom of educat ion. They have been made, loo, on a voluntary system for those who believed in eo-tHlm*at ion or in sonu* Dalton plan, and li tt le ba.s been learnt . fi>r .'Uecess or f.iiluri* in isolated eases may lie due to a var iety of causes. In my .YbOlll) oily 1 .should allow anyone who wi 'hed to cimtraet out ol the ex|K*rimenl liy paying fees for tlu? tnll (“oi i i 'e of thei r eliiMren’s (*diicat ion, oilu'r- wisi* no citizen of tlie future siuiuhl oseape the exiieriniPut. , \s'Uming that -10 per cent , of the child popula tion wen* ripe for what We call .'Ceomlary eJueal ion. ,'<*luu>ls slmuhl he provided for them, o per cent , might eon- trael out . o per <eiit. iieetl .special t reatment : oi‘ the remaining oO per cent , half should gti on with tlioir odueaiion unti l as leasi fifteen and should leave the elementary school wlu'n tlie -ec.mdary ehihlren ilo. On the whole I 'lioiild lie iiiclinod to loave tlu* halance in the elemenlary si'h 'i'l wliere they would he known ami he .'Ure of liie sxnipathy of tlu* li-achers. and gain sonu ihing from tho fam­ iliar sur roundings and thoir undonhteil hut mysterious intliienci*. At fourteen they might ht* allowed to go to wairk on eomli tion that thoy were enrolled in a cont inuat ion school ami that all employers were organised to make tlie ear l ier s tages of industrial


ilitl not know, imt of whom lie had lu*ard a g r e a l deal. Wi th t rut l i he eouhl .'jM*ak of The la te .Mr. (lillelt a ' one who had a r<*- markaiile ehariii ami sw»*eine'S o; di'p*«'i- tioii. Mi.' very .'uirii wa.' lull ot lovo it<* trieil «iiiiel!y, wi thout any slum or appeal to the worhl a round, to do good, to Itelp oMu*r> in thei r dillicnlt ies. ami to do itisi li ii ic. simple, humble acts of kimlnes '. It win mn so much tlu* great acts. Imi tlu* s*pirit ot .b*'Us Clirist and the spirit, of love whu;h told so Iremendmisly witli those who came in contact wi th iiim. Durit ig the illness ot tlu* la te Rector, Mr. Ci l lct l ’s kimliic'S was con­ t inuous ami he never overlooked any de­


serving appeal from the elmreh or sclio.il. It liad lieeii Ids jirivilege. said tlu* Bishop,


to look at some of the heaut iful llowers in Mr. ( d th ' l t ’s ganlei i . ami lu* had noticed tiiat pi'oplc who cari'd !oi n a ture liad in tlicin the love of (bid. nnd love lor those arouml them and dependent niion tliem. 'Ilio'C w1d> knew tlie la te Mr. Milleti por.'onaliy would be able to loll bow. t ime am! again, lu* hao sliown Ivimliu'ss to tliO'C I c " toriiiiiati*i> s i tua ted than hin. ' - l i . That tal.h* won!* conslant iv remind ilu*m I'l oiu* wim lia.l lo.l a quiet , ’simple, humblo Chr i ' t iai i lilc one who had shed n rav ot bgld nnd wlm h:u luft the world a li t t le he l le r than he loinu it . Me hoped the lib* of Air. CiMetl wonh b e a n i*xample to otliefs ami that tliey wouul oiuienvoiir to follow that eNamjile. Dm* ot (tod's liest gif ts w;is the exami»le ol a taitli- ful life. 'I’he memorv ami example ot a g»>o.l man ’s life was a lu-ritagi* nml a dowry iimi should emlnre amongst tliose who liad liie


p r r


ivilegi* ot knowing Mr. (li llci t. ConcTuding, tlu* Bishon said he hoped tliai


gtuie s f rcngt l Chr ist .


liolv table w-ould not "nl.v remind them ot Mr ’, (t i l let l , Imt of tlu* manv men wlio .nul lu-fore. having found «-oii:loii


a ml pea ami fai th, in Je.'U' m W T O G E T R SD


O F L I V E R T R O U B L E S . Dr. King, nn old-fnshioned Kngli'h


Di.'trict pract ititiiier, devoted his lite to improving his father ’s i*xperiim*iits "'i i i ' dandelion ami quinine as n*meilial ag<*nts for liver troubles, out of whioli spr ing many ot lib*’s il l' , lu


the result of these etforts


was )nif liefore tlu* piihlie as ’* Dr. King> Pi l ls .” and the remedv tlin.s desetihed has never been ctinalletL Dr. King's I'ilU put tlu* liver right hv using Xa ture ’s own agents, and are tlu*rcfot*i‘ ideally suilalih* lor wonieii. Xo liarm over results from taking Dr. King s Pills, while al! such hhiod tronhles ns boils, swellings nnd erupt ions are speedily removed, and giow-ing healtl i ro'ul ts . Dr. King’.s Rills are soltl Kv all cl’|'‘mi.'ts. price Is, A<1.. and a finer family mcdieiiie one conhl not wish lor —tliey do all tha t the weakest, must- dispir­ ited pi‘rson eouhl desire.


— lib-


more (*dii(*atioual. hy i!i.* pi’ovi ' ion of woifaro supervision for leisure lioiir.s. liy enlarging and encouraging the already considerable numhor of wi'*o t rainer s among tin* work­ men. and hy el iminat ing frotn the early yoars in the factory as much as possible of tlie merely fotch-and-carry work. Ikit those are details, 'fliis i ' only one jios'ible pxjieri ment . Wliat. I ask yon to eou.sider is iho desirabi lity of such goograpliieal exper imonis in s et t ing up the warp of edueai iou. To the teaclier.s tiiem.selves 1 do iioi fear to ent rus t the ta sk of designing an infinite var iety of j iai terns for the woof. There are groat- diilicultics of fniauco. of


i.=


needed rather than vocational bias, and ilie inspirat ion miisl come from the teacher— from the woof, not the warp—and such iu- s])iratinu will never be given as long ns teaclier.s proclaim themselves to ho mainly occupied in teacliing the young how to make .a good and happ.v use of thoir leisure. Thi^ is a pose we have assumed of la te years. AVe have liceii pat ted on tho back for i t on.pr ize days; wo have hoa.sted of i t in those secret coiifcretices when tcachei*s modestly make known tlieir vir tues lo a misnnder.standing ))ul)lic. Oh. if only we could teach the secret of ge t t ing happiness from work! Loisnro will always look a f te r itself. I t may seem a


loeafi jealousies, of s ta tu to ry and adminis ­ t ra t ive red laj>e. and some of even loss re- .spectalilo origin, in the way of such an exper iment , h u t there aro alway.s diilicultics. 1 undors tand th a t many, many years ago a c er ta in stable was the ile.spair of all tbe san­ i ta ry autbori t ios. bu t i t was cleansed by a In-avo man, an amateur .scavenger who h a r ­ nessed a r iver to his purpose. Our stable is not in siicli an ofFcnsivo .state, h u t i t does need cleansing, and wo noe<l the faitli to do])ond more on th e entliusiastic and less on tlie T’actolean properties of tho r iver of public o))inion to onahlo ns to do our work. Depend upon i t th a t , when its cleansing work i.s accomplished, this r iver, joiilcd by


(Cont inued a t foot of n e s t column). .Vn oMorly spinster, wlm made her.self tin*


** Lady Bountiful ” of a rural district, took an illiii*rate ohl farm lahmiror in liand nnd tnuglit. him to rend. .A few weeks Inter slio met her ])upil nnd said: ” AVelL Imw tiro your studies progres'ingr Mnve you read the wliolo of • 'rhe laves of the Snints ’ ye t? ” •• l.or’ bless yon, mum.” w-as tho imiud reply. *• I llnishcd with tliem joker.s a fortnight age), an’ I'tn on tli’ racin' pajicrs now.’’


(Oontiuued from previous column.)


all available .streams, those from the smnv- chul moiintaii i-tops whore sol i tary t l iought is jiosiihle and high ideals are cradled, those from the table-lands wlicre teaclier.s trained and unt rnined must, still htiinlily work side by side wi th pju’cnts and all tho friends of ciiiUlhood, and those from the upland valleys where employers, whether of the singl’e ser­ v a n t or of an army of factory w-orl?ers, wdli 1 ) 0 enthusiast ieal ly con.scious t i iat tliey, too, aro teachers with tlie te a ch e r ’s oppor tuni ty to curse or bless—this r iver, gather ing its .strcngtli from all tlicse .sources, will in its journey to the lowlands of life have tlie power—the .smokeless power—as have so many iiarnessed Alpine .streams, to ligliton tho bur ­ dens and to onliglt ten the lives of the dwellers in tho plain.


Baiiess Fires from I 1


Eslimates Free for fixing, Sec, New Showrooms


11, GASTLE STREET


A. S.Tfeltalier 14, WILE smn


CONSTIPATION KILLS MORE THAN CONSUMPTION


SPECIAL adju stment & WILL PUT YOU bight


— _


J . W . W A L S H , D C . OIIIROPnAGTOn


2 1 , Y O R K ST. C L lT l lE U O n /6 >-<u ©«>— <- in - iPO PT ix o p r c )(;r k Sv S. WEEKLY VIOLINS FROM 116


GRAMOPHONES 31 C &r 2 6 wccitly BANJOS - - - 49 6 or 3 - wcrkly MANDOLINES - 22 6 or 2 6 wccitly


PIANO, IRON FRAME £27 SECOND-HAND


41a, Groat Bolton Strcit, BLACKBURN


CALL A \ u .si-r, ■nil'. NEW IIO.ME


Combination Grate Good Stiow of


W


ood & Slate rMNTEL PIECES RANGES, GRUTES & TILES


An I.NVITATIOX TO \ ’u;\V MODELS IN COATS


for Spurt ni' Tr;iv('l W-'.-ii.


Tilt' perlT'ctly tailuu'd COUNTRY LIFE COAT


Smart fu; Town or tiiiiry,


D U C KW O R T H S RIMINGTON, NEAR CLilHEROE


N.B.—SpeoiaMtit'.s in JAEGER AND MINSTER UNDERV/EAR for Ladies and Gontlomcn.


M


e a t t i c k I':t .s . .sKKWKii.k. wkk.mis t'K'I'I.Kli.V, -'I-'.


JATViES CROSSLEY,


Works : HIGH STREET (near Station), Tel. 6427,


BLACKBURN.


THE CAFE FR PRIE F ^L


MARKET PLACE


O ATS O L Funeral Teas


H H CLASS Confectionery IG


T A Y L O R & S^UGHES Telephono :• 156 U'afe, 136 Uttkory


PIANOS -l I,,.!:


.Si'aii's, t'lmntt'i' Italun-' -s, i-u;., t' r al! ji::!- pitSt'S.


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