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TttTC CLIITH


i. HEALTH AND HOME. BY W. GORDON-STABLES, M.D., R.N.


THE WHY AND THE WHEREFORE. Since 1 iirs: look up the profession of


medical journalist to the^ people, some twenty years ago, 1 haie not been slow in jK)ticmg tire gradual giowdi among my nun^erous readers of a desire to know just why certaini" thhigs do good to the human system and otliers don 1.


i can liard'ly e.xpect to lir e to ^see the time when evem


■ chc humbltir classes will be so enlightened as to refuse to swallow tlte pills of the quack companies of mtidicine vendors which ■ are everyw^liere so artfully and artistically advertised. But owing, 1 suppose, to their ability now to read books ;uid newspapers, l>oople are not content to be told that, say, the cold tub, Iresli air, or lontilation is ah agent for health, but they must know why it should be. For e-vample, doctors now­ adays recommend five bedroom windows of even sick people to be kept getoerously! oi>en both day and night. People in the country, the- public will tell you, used to ihave dieir windows hermetically sealed, a •long, sausage-like bag of sawdust laid be­ hind the door, the sides of the doors covered with strips of cloth, and even the keyhole stuffed witli paper. True, and I have come upon families up North who are


■ still as careful to e.vclude night air as if it were some dreadful poison, yet they seem to liave as few ailments as we down Soutli have. Why? (i) Suoli people live the lives of cabbages; they nei-er think; they are incapable of concentratiDni of mind, (z) 'fihe air of the North, esisecially in country districts, is double the iSlren^h of that breathqd in cities down South, and by day, at ail 1 events, it oxygenises and disinfects ei’erything. One can live among, the hills of Scotland in winter in a room that con­ tains not half the cubic 'incites of space re- (jiiired, siv, in. Mia.ncliester or London; but it. is a mistake to say such folks live longer. The age to which people live nowadays, if they study the necessities of life, is ten years more tha.n it used to be long ago.


HlBERN.VriON. This means sleeping away a gre.at ixtrtion


of the winter. The Greon'huid bear is a good example of a hibernating quadruped. •Lfiter eating till he is enormously fat, he shuts himself up in a case, in the rocks or i<te. He l.i:ev..ihe.s Ids owti carbonic acid and, of course, siteediiy falls into a pois­ oned sleep. In such a state he is living a mere vegetable e.xistence, and all the .sustenance he now needs is derived from the i>lump condition of his body. When 'this is netirly exhtiiislled he gets cold and awakes, thin a.nd wom, and soon finds his way oii' tlie snow-fields, or into the sea, in search of his prey, and so ihe sitenids title long summer lia.ppily enough.


THE USE OF F'RESH AIR TO THE INVALID.


.......To_ ili«_jnvalid, and convalescent it . is most valuable. Fresh air is cuhposed, y ou


know, of o.xygeii' diluted with nitrogen, ft is tile breatliing of the oxygen tliat burns Oil the carbon in the Veins, a.nd turns the blood mto a revivifying hfe-renewhig fluid. Here is a simile: 'liliose butchers who catch in buckets the blood of slaughter animals find it very dark iai colour, atid unsuitable for human' diet—'in puddings or otherwise— until it is pio|x;rly stirred and turns red. This is because the oxygen of the mingled air at once burns off the ixiison- ous carbon. Tltis is precisely what hap­ pens in the convalescent lungs, if he be­ takes himself out of doors and stays out as long as possible. Why, then, should anyone who is now, in tliis lovely month of June, treating liimself to a wisei holiday before the seaside stir begins stay indoors among dust and carbonic acid ? Let him ■ go out— out— out, and so give lidmself a chance of renewal of health. He will 'hardly know he is the same individual in .a month’s time.


NAS.LL CA'TARRH. 1 do not reply to cases of this ailmeai't,


because, die catarrh or running may de- jiiend on so many diffeieait causes. Poly­ pus in tilie; nose is one, and tihis is a sur­ gical business. Hay fever may be a cause, 'but it is general'ly from a cold in the head that it arises, the cold turning cltronic. So in .all cases a good doctor should take the case, in liand, because, if neglected, the trouble may turn .into some&iaig very seri­ ous, and the septum anid bones inside tlie (nostrils .may become diseased' and pieiroed with ulcers. Says a recent writer: “ A cold in the head generally passes off in a few


■ days. It is strictly a slight fever. Almost .any acute attack may be brokeni up if thja rpafient remains in. a wiarm room, secures a gentle moisture of tlie skin, and uses a plaiui, nourishhig diet; but it is tlie second .form, the chrondc, that most people mean Wihen 'tihjey .use the word catarrh. AH chronic diseases are more difficult to cure,


■ ihougli less painful, than the acute. The \ery fact that an acute disease has become chronic indicates that the recuperative ■ powers of .the parts affected have become weakened, possibly exhausted. Each at-


' tack of nasal catarrh tlemds to a second, ■ and 'thus to successive attacks. Thie per­ son who suffers from them., therefore, be^ comes more and more liable to ' take cold,’ niot alone from exposure to cold, but from


• inlhialing dust, especially cold dust, and whatever irritates the nasal membrane. As an Mcreased blood supply always flows to everv i'nflamed tissue, the tissue te(nds to undue growtilT. For this reason, in ohronic


' ca.tarrh there is a thickeuing of the' mucous ’membrane, so that the niasal passages be­ come more or less obs'.hicted. This often miuses the patien't to breathe through his


■ wiouth, thus letting 'tlie cold air stri.ke the larv.nx and the dust enter it unimpeded. A ten'dleinicv to serimts throat and lung disease is tlile r^ d t . The earlier st-iges are often, treated bv snuffing up^a-some^Vhat strong


.. solution'of salt and water, or'a 2 per (temit.. solution of carbolic acid (two or three times


K


a dav. If the head is thrown back the fluid 'will flow into the mouth with very little effort. IVhen the nasal passages have become j»rmanently obstructed, a phystcian should be called in to remove the super­ fluous growith. In rare cases the inflam­ mation establishes itself within the intennal carities of the nose) in which case thlo mucus becomes foeticl. The doctor alone can manage tlris.”


DYSPEPSIA. The temptation, to stimulal'e the api^


J.ite by means of sherry and bitters, spirits "aind \vater, or even beer, is often irresistible in cases of liindigestioni. Do not expect a cure of this complaint t(x> soon; It be­ gan slowly, and will not l>e scared away by one; dose or ten of medicine, wliatever it be. Indfeed, in most c;(.ses niledicine is not re­ quired. Hut if life and happiness^ are worth iKuing you must, for a long time, live by- rule. However, there behig so many different


forms of dvspepsia. it is always well to see a dixtor at the start. But be suspicious of die man, iVhoei-erhe is, who simply sells you a bottle of sUiff over the counter, and lavs down no laws for the general guidance of’ your 'life and Iwbits. I do not know of a'liv madici.ne which alone can cure this distressing complaint; and if you begjn to take adverti.sed pills and the nostrums of quacks you ha'.ve.already started along the ixiithiway tlint has only one ending, the green and quiet churchyard. So pray be warned in. time, and remember that indi­ gestion' has scores of different causes.


TO CORRESPONDENTS., .■ \sthnia (J. W. McK.): I cannot advise


oif so serious a case .in tills column.— ^Isle of Skve (L .): .•\niywhere. It is all bracing. Yqu might'go straight to Portree by boat, sl;iy there a week, aind.look about you.— Various (H. F’ . S.): (i) Glad the plan of weiiiring a flanhiel licit round the waist cured you of lumbago. It cured me; it has cured thousands. (2) At seventy-nine you must expect to be somewhat deaf. (3) Like myself, you are an old sailor man.. The old wife wJio cured vxiur leg iva^ clever. ’Wa.re colds in die; head.— Finnan Haddies (M. E. F .) : Only from Aberdeen.. They should lie the small liiii'e fish, not the t.r.aW'led. .Lbout the baby you want to get to mir.se. You must advertise. I myself am not stocking any at preseu.t.— Cold Feet (Nemo): Mostly a complaint of elderly ifiolk. General w(ea.klniess, 'especially if


liea.rt be not OTCr strong. Good food, life in the fresh air, and moderate exercise. As to the constipation', that also is caused by weak;ii'e.ss; but you do not me.ntion. habits of life, so T cannot adri.se.— Oatcakes (.S'cveral): Omitted to send addressed posL card.' I mnsli be excused replies if en­ velopes are sent. They give too much troulilev and my 'time is of some little value.


Letters relating to this column should be ■ addre-ssed Dr. Gordon-Stables, R.N., Twyford, Berks. Please note: No infan- 'l ile ailmimits, acute cases, surgical or skin t'niubles, or anything that needs seeing can be a.diised on.


CLEAN AND PA IN L E S S HEA LING.


Z.-VM-EUK IS IDEAL FOR CUTS AND BRUISES.


One reason, why Zam-Bnk is :i.hvays kept


in mi'llioii.s of homes is that it is a p;iinless healer. When a dressing of this unique licrlial balm is applied to a cut, bruise, or scra.pe, I'hat stinging, smarting sensation is immediately ended, and after the wound has been purified and rendered germ-proof by Zam-Buik’s antiseptic action', the knitting and healing of the broken, flesh proceeds in a qurck and painless manner. ■ Mrs. Hiam, 62, Bull Street, .Stratford-<in-


.A.V011, 1111165:— “ Whilst playing in the street, my little boy, aged three, fell and injured his knee. I.r did not seem any­ thing more than an ordinary cut, but soon after 'he knocked the same kniee again' The wound then became inflamed and festered all round the knee. Ordinairi’ salves and ointnienitswere iin.a,bl'e toeaitfe'the boy’s pain or check the festerinig. “ I heard Zam-Buk highly praise'd by a


neighbour, so I got a box of the balm. Where ointment's failed Zam-Buk was a great success. It healed up the festered wounds splendidly, and made my Jittle boy’s knee sound and strong again. Zam- Buk’s Iiealinig was paiml'e'ss, too, and my boy lookeicl forward to the Zam-Buk dressings because they soothed as well as healed his


sores. I would niot 'be without Zam-Buk.” Zam-Buk is prepared only by .th'e pro­


prietors at theiir private laboratory, and sold for them by chemists in boxes, sealed irifih the Government 'stamp, at i/ i i , 2/9, or .(./fi. 'Direct at the same prices from TTi'e Zam-Buk Co., at, Cow Cross Street, Lon­ don, E.C.


SUNSHADES. So far, sundliades'have been little carried


but many on rieiv in. shopH.Tinid a.re dedded-


. ly fascinating. All have very long handles, which indeed are necessary considering Hie .size and height of .headgear at the moment. Delightful .specimens are pr.esented in lace, painted or embroidered chiffon, exquisitely- blended c'henes, and printed shantung, tihe handles being costly and elaborate indeed. Pink quartz is much utilised for the purpose so also, is-opal matrix, an.d plain ciji^al, •some handles liti.viing little jetrolled watchles set in ilihe end, u'iMle oth'ers boast tiny re­ ceptacles conhiining a mirror, powder-puff, .scent-l)blillc,' etc. A feiv early Victorian s'j'n.slliadfes, edged with fringe, made th'eir :ippea;rance last week, but as in every in- sfaixe 'the circumference of the hat exceed­ ed that of the sunshade, ithe efltect could not rightly be termed'a successful one. ■


TIMES." FRIDAY, JUNE 25 iaQ9


LADIES’ COLUMN. [By a Lady Correspondent.]


THE ROYAL VISIT TO LANCASHIRE.


, The Ring and Queien will be the guests


of Lord and Lady Derby at Knowsley on the occasion, of theix 'M'ajesties visit 'to Lancasliire. Tlie Royal-party mll amve in time for lunch on July 5th, and 'bi' tbe afternoon the King is to review the West Liiiiiciishire T>Girritontils iii the park at Rnowdley. Tlite following day then' Majesties will visit Manchpter, to formally ojren 'tliie Royal Infirmary in Oxford Street, a.nd axe to lunch with Lord and Lady Elles­ mere at Worsley Halil, tvtoere another large review takes plaffii and some 15,000 of the Ea.st Lancashire Territori'als trill parade in the park; On July 7th, the King and Queen leave Rnowsley for their visit to Bir- mingha'm. Knowsley is the principal seat of the Earl and Countess of Derby, but I'heit- have a very fine London residence in Stratford Hoirse, which was recently pur­ chased from Lord Colebrooke, and -Lady Derby wi.ll doubtless do a great deal of lentertaining next season for her on'ly^ daugh­ ter Lady Victoria Stanley, who will then


l>e eighteen. OUR CHANGING SUNDAY HABITS.


Tlte change ‘to the Sunday habits of the


;x:op'le is more marked to England than to Scotland, but it is making prog.ress every­ where, as we see in the Sunday opening of Holyrood Palace, aiKd title e.xtertsion' of Sunday pleasure excursions to' Scotland. Lord Robbery .has expressed bis regret at the latter development and others have protested -against I.x>rd Denhiglti allowtog Sunday practice a.t the private shooting -range he lta;s set up in hiS park. But the prote.sts of t.h,ose who 'think that such (things are harmful to tlte, religious life of .the commtiniity seem to have little or no effect. To a very grea.t extent Sunday has become a day for'h.ustlin'g enjoym'ent, or the pur­ suit of ordinary mwations. The well-to- do led the way to: this movement by cu-lti- vaiting the week-end habit,’’’ Sunday golf, Sitndav bridge parries, games and amusev nieitts of every kind, a.nd other classes would .appear ;to be more and more inclined to foltow their example.


ON THE PLAYING OF GAMES. Much might be said about the “ Right


and Wrong Games ’’ which was the subject of a discussion, at the -Conference of the Association of Head mistresses. One point of view w:is presented by Dr. MHIct Maguire in a 'recent lecture ora the '' sports and games craze,’’ Which he described as a kind of demoniacal possjessiou, adding tli;it the worship of sixvrts a'liicl spurious g;imies must cease, or the nation must per­ ish. But the Joint Wesley view that all


games .are wrong, is happily quite out of date, and thkre is no brighter feature of modern life than, the enthusiasm with Which girls ihat’e taken np a.1'1 outdoor games. S'? long as these recreation's do not encourage cruelty or selfishness, there is ev.erjlhing to be said in favour of devoting part of ones leisure to healthful games. Miss T . . R. Gray and other speakers at the Conference did not think hockey altogether a suitable


! game for girls, and would welcome the in­ troduction of any new game which would occupy a larger number of players a.t a rime. The objection that hockey makes girls ■ rough and ilond-voiced is not however to be taken, ven' seriously, and Miss Faithful si'iO'koi.Ti itS'dofcnce, as preseniting an oppor- liinity for self-development in mind and limb and promoting a Iiealthy spirit amon.g ynnu'g girls.


! EST MODUS TN REBUS.


I It is the hapj)|)' medium that is so often : hicking to- life. The lady correspondent . who writes to her newspaper on the “ Decay of Home Life,’’ and says it is all , due to -the fact tliat husbands spend so little of their rime at liome with 'their wives, is followed next morning. by her neighbour who complains that her husband has no business occupation, and that he is potter­ ing about the house all day long, often interfering in domestic matfers, and gener­ ally a ntiisattce half the time-. Most women


'a,re agreed tha.t 'tlie man- who is at home ■ al'l day with no work to do is often very


I much in-the way. Tliat very frequently is ithe case, and it -is a moot point, which is the better of the two; the man: with too rnuch leisure, or the m.an who is always at


(Ills business, hard pressed, and pre­ occupied with his work.. Of the other class, the men ivho are always absent from home, bent upon their owe pleasures and amusemieint, there is nothing good to be said. They are the people who are mostly ■ responsible for 'the “ Decay of Homelife ” alxiut wiKic'h we hear so much in these days.


SM.-VLL HAT'S AND BONNETS ■ COMING.


Hats at Ascot were all of gigantic pro­


portions, trimmed .witli plume upon plume, or immense clusters of flowers or foliage, but before the summer is over it is quite certain that a very different style trill lead. The new hiats are already in eridence to-


; -Paris, but we are slower in adopting a com- .plete change, :i,nd iLwill probably be some (time before we don .these little shapes. Which are worn we'll down on A e head, aji-d caught up sharply .at A e side by a simple


•chou of 'ri;bbon, or neat posy of flowers. It is-hinted that a special effort is about to, 'be 'made by leading Parisjan milliners to introduce for walking and risittog A e clRsely-fi,tti.n.g bonmet of 1830. At presieut we regard it as only -suitable for motoring,


-but a few dainty examples worn by pretty girls, will'] clouWess speedily cause us to change this opinion.


PO S T ER S AND GENERAL PRINTING Quickly and Neatly Executed, at Ae “ TIMES >> PRINTING WORKS, CLITHEROE.


There was a large gatheAigin A e PariA


Room, West Bradford, on Friday evening on A e (XJcasion of a presentation to Ae Rev. A. E. Swallow, curate at Wadding- ton, wllio is leaving to take up a similar position! at Queensbury, near Bradford, ilhe presents consisted of a liandsome oak writing bureau— on wilxidi was a silver plate suitably inscribed— and a revolving chair. 'Mrs. Swallow was also presented ivith a ■ neat Atle timepiece. Mx. P. Flarrisoni, who presided and made


■ the prese-ntations, said ^Ir. and Mrs. Sival- low bad been with tliem for seven years and the time of their departure was close at biuid. The time appeared to have gone very quickly as it 'always did tvh!en they were in good company. He was sure Aey were all sorry to lose Aem and both


-villages would be poorer for their removal. Their departure had been brought about by Mr. Swallow’s desire to obtain- a higher position in tlie Qiurch and they wiAed him every success. He hoped they would hear ■ before long that Mr. Swallow had been appointed Vicar of some important parish. Mr. Swallow was a very able man and he (the speaker) had always found liim to be straightfonvard and amiable. Their cur­ ate had also been blessed with a good help­ mate, iriio had always been rrilling to assist


'him in his work. Tire last complete work im'derta.keni by Mis. Swallow was. A e pro­ vision of a ne;w banner for Ae use of Ixith Churches and tilie banner was a fine piece of work. Air. Harrison' went on to say that at a nioet'ing of the congregation held towards


■4’he end of April it was decided to make a presentation' to Mr. Swallow at 'West Bra.dford, apart from anything that might be done ;it Waddington. There was a very liberal response to their appeal for sub-


.(Boriprions and a.ltogeAer the handsome sum pf


4® - including several sub-


■ sori'ptions from the Burton family, had been ■ collected. At ;1. subsequeivt meeting in June it was decided to purchase a roll top oak Wiriting bureau and chair to match, for Mr. Swallow, and a timepiece for Mrs. Sivallow, ail'd he thought the money had been well si'ient. , He had great pleasure in asking Mr. and Mrs. Swallow to accept the gifts from the sidesme'n and congrega.- tion of St. ■ Catherine’s Church. (Applause). ■ M


r. Swallow, Vhowas cordially received,


said he was'too much overcome to make a long speech and he 'hoped they would ex­ cuse him. He" wished to thank Aem, from the bottom of his Iieart for the very hand­ some presents they had given, to himself and Mrs. Swallow that night. He could assure them that tili'ey would take the pres­ ents as an indication of their goodwill to­ wards them. It was a great comfort to


•tiJiem to feel they-were leaving St. Cather­ ine’s with the g(X)dwill of A e members of the congregation. He would be especially- pleased when he looked at the lovely secre­ taire they had given him to remember that


■ the toscription upon it was the work of one of his old'choir boys, Master Robt. Har- risoni. I’roceedtog, Mr. Swallow said al- tliough they would be a considerable disr 't;mce away from IVest Bradfod it would not need the presaiTts to remind them of the very happy time they had spent amongst the villagers. That ivas written ‘cfceply in their hearts and memoiti'es and they would constantly be looking back upon the Iiappy times they had spent togeAer. I-Ie was sure Aey would often long to have :t breath of tlie air ;it West, Bradford and


'to have one of the hearty hanidAakes of ifWeir old friends. M-r. Harrison had re­ ferred very kindly aiiid much too generously to the little things they had done during A e seven, yeans they had beeni. amongst them. Mr. Harrison was right when he said that he (Mr. Swallow), had a splendid helpma.te. Itwasagreait pleasure to him, weii't on Mr. Swallow to know that he was leaving them clear of debt. At the pres­ ent time the Sunday school was free from debt and would be at the end of the year. The Churchwardens’ accounts showied a hahuice in hand at the Easter vestry meet­ ing. Credit for tha.t was due to Mr. Col- tinge, whom they wefle alll sorry to lose from tile office of wardfen after so many years service. It was often said tliat one change led to another, and no doubt they, would be sorry to hear that their organist. Miss Amy Tomiimson., who had been very iiltentive in. her duties, was 'about to resign. He hoped they would soon find a successor as able and energetic as Miss Tomltoson. In conclusion, Mr. Swallow said he had alw;iys endeavoured ta be a parish i>riest but he knew there was a great de;il of human nature about liim. As he had said before if he had to take his choice be­ tween gh-iiig up the social side and the work of the church he would have to seri­ ously-consider as to which he ought to give up. (Applause).


Mrs. Swallow said she thanked the con­


gregation from the bcjttom of her heart for the kiinciness they had always Aown to her. Every time A e looked at the timepiiece she would think of the dear old friends Ae had left behind and A e hoped it would not be long before they met again. (Applause). Songs, gr.amaphone selections, violin


solos, etc., lyere given during the evening, and dancing was afterwards indulged in, a very enjoyaiMe time bfetog spent. _ There was also a large gathering at Wad-


dington on Saturday night ivihen- Mr. Sival- low was presented triA a purse of gold, containing £30, subscribed , for by the parishioners and firienidls. Mirs. Swallovi)' was the recipient of a handsome dinner cruet and a mufito. diA, and Miss Marjorie Swallow, received a beautiful brooch The Vicar (Rev. F. A. N. Parker),'made


A e presentatio'ns, and spoke of the good work done by Mii. and Mis. Swallow in


Vimting and in promoting eniteittainmen'ts.


for every girl and woman is the day when she looks well, feels well and IS w e l l ; but with most of the fair sex such days are rare. Instead, they suffer from a painful


languor, have a terrible weakness in the back, headaches that make everything seem blurred and a ceaseless aching in the limbs. These and other trials afflict' the fair sex, all through lack of the Good New Blood nature is calling for. Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills for Pale


People have given the joy of real robust health to thousands of women happy to-day, because these pills actually create Rich, Red Blood that makes weak ones well and strong. This has been proved over and over again. Miss IJeutiia Ei-F.Y, of 23, Wimlinill


Street, Church Grcslcy, Staffs., states:— “ Jly life was once full of pain and


we:ikuesBcs. My blood was weak and my joints :iud back aclied :is tliougli I were on a rack. I was seldom free from Headaclies, Neuralgia and Acute Indigestion. “ At last I took Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills.


Every dose made me better and brigliter. My blood became riclier ; in lime I lost every trace of my ailments, and was soon quite well and ciieerfnl." - Dr. Willinms’ Pink Pills for Pnlo Peoplo hiivo


WADDINGTON TO QUEENSBURY.


PRESENTATION'S TO REV. A. E. SWALLD'W.


etc., for the benefit of the school and church. Mr. -WigglesworA, (schoolmaster)


and Mr. Alfred Tomlinson also alluded to the excellent way in which Mr. and Mrs. Swallow had carried out their duties at


Waddington. Mr. Swallow said he felt A e parting


keenly, and it was xviA great difficulty that he was able to express his gratitude lor the presents and fo the many kindnesses they


had ^hown: to him. Mrs. Swallow also responded, thanking


them' for the beautiful presents A e hod


received. In addition to the presents mentioned,


Mrs. Swallow received many private presents.


T E A IN IN G o r TEACHEES. ^ SiPOT FOR


LAN'CASHIRE EDUCATION COM- MITTEE’S SCHEME.


The Higher Education' Sub-Committee of


Lancasliue Education Committee, to Aeix report to Ae meeAig of A e latter body, refer to Ate training of pupil teachers in 1909-10. 'iUie report states: “ In A e regulations


-for tire preliminary education of elemen­ tary school teachers for 1909-10, just issued by the Board of Education, Ae attention of local authorities is invited to the con­ sideration of rite question whether Ae num­ ber of bursars and pupil teachers now being brought annually into A e earlier stages of ■ tlie teaching profession,is sufficient to main. tain the future adequate supply of adult teachers.


'Ihe Board estimate that in


order to matotain Ae proper supply of teachers required in 1912-13, after allowing for wastage dumig the period of training, for the country as a whole Aere should be


admitted as bursars or pupil teachers in 1909 a proportion of ratiiier over 2.g per


1,000 of the total number of chilAen in average attendance to public elementary schools in. England. Taking tins proportion for the Lanca-


sltire area, it would appear Aat approxim­ ately 700 bur;mrs and pupil teachers Aould ■ be apixTi'iiited by the Lancashire Education Committee- in 1909. The committee, how­ ever, have onily made provision in Aeir estimates for 600 bursars and pupil teaA- ers, and your sub-committee do not see Lite necessity for increasing tliis number. The 600 bursars and pupils teachers are alloca,ted as to 300 to the county area, and the remaining 300 to the areas autonomous


for Fart III. of the Education Act, 1902, “ An importaiiit change under the new,


regulations is the one under which the Board have provided that candidates who .intend to become bursars to 1909 need


' (tii'l}' have been in attendance at an efficient -secondary sdiool lor two years.


to the


previous regulations the period was three yearsj a,nd the Lancasliire Education Com­ mittee unsuccessfully attempted to get Ae Bo-ar-d last year to alter their regulations to the form which has now been adopted. '■ Tihe Board having previously refused to


relax the regulation of which notice was given in 1908, it became necessary for the Lancashire Education Committee to make provision for those canAdates to whom 'they had awarded eAibitioms terminating this year. In March, 1909, it was decided Aat holders of e-xhibitions for canAdates


intending to become teachers in public ele­ mentary schools in districts in which the bursars system only was in operation, and wiho would ill August, 1909, have only been to attendance at a recognised secondary school for two years, he offered for Ae year 1909-10 e.Aibitions with A e same emolu­ ments as those paid to bursars. At an


cured emnitless ca..;c3 of Ainemiu, blood nisoniors, Fe/.amii, Imli(fe.srinu, TlhoumnMsm, St. Vitus’ Uiince, Xni-veTrouljles and Ladies' .-Vitincnts. Sold I'V dealers, or direct from Ur. Williams’ Medicine Co., W, Uolhom Viaduct, London, 2s. 9d. per box; l:l.s. Od. for six boxes, but mind, yon must have


Ir. WilllaHS' Fliik Fills


THE GUARDIANS’ FORTNIGHTLY


The fortnightly meettog of the CHtheroe


Board of Guandiains was held in. the Board Room at the Workhouse on Monday morn­ ing, Mr. R. C. AsAeton, J.F., C.A., pre­ sided, and the oAer memlrers present were Messrs. W. Hansom, W. Biaithwaite, IV. Wilkinson-, J. Brown, E. T. Welch, S. Gr*een, J. Finder, G. Turner, W. Haighton-, J. T. Lofthoiise, Revs. Fir. Fiin-nington and J. C. Garnett, and Mrs. W. L. Grime.


HOUSE COMMITTEE. 'IHie. mimutes ok a meeting of the House


Committee, held on June 17th, which con- t,lined several matters of mtoor interest, were approved on the motion of Mr. Braithl waite, seconded by Mr. Wilkinson.


APPROVAL. The Local Govemmeint Baard wrote ap­


proving the payment of ;^4S to Ae Clerk of the .Vssessraent Committee for services itendei'ed during A e past year.


MASTER’S JOURNAL. 'Fhe Master's Joumail' Aowed the num­


ber of inm.aites for the fortnight ended June igflh to have been 240 against 255 in Ae corresponding period last year and A e number of va.grants Tlelieved during the same period totalled 207 against 482. The Master reported that one of A e inmates 'had a riolent fit of epilepsy the previous morning. The man, utio broke three ■ win­ dows and struck an attendant, was placed


in- the paddied cell on the recommendation of the Medical Officer.


' ruit end Sugar. . Try It.


Ppoduoed so'lely F - . t"’"’


I delloiouBhomomado Lem


I A 4jd» bottle m 2 gallons of


onade. &ltos


BETWEEN T„ and N. W., iIHDLAND, AND L. :uid Y. COMlL-iN'IES.


A 'tttii'c Ihqier tvas issued on Saturday


giving the heads of agieements between. Ae London and Nontili-'WesteiTi and Midland Railway Companies, and between' Ae Lon­ don and North-Wesitern, Midland, and Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Com- paraes. The former agreement! has not been made.


Tlhe agreement between the Aree com-


pa.ni'es is dated May 18A, and provides, after oertain deductions, for Ae pooling of gposs receipts for traffic, with certain exclu­ sions. Arrangements are to be made to sTOiiite the most economical working, com-, 'vith l>Mt facilities to the public..


Diff^ences arising oh which agreement can- aire to be settled by arbitral-


tion. Thb agreement is subject to a teuyeart? - suoh notice not to be given before


eoember, 1998. At a suiAble time Part .


lL3ment:^ . powers arte to be applied for tvith a view to securing the fullest working


.signed by Ae managers of A e three com' •■ palnies.'


arrangemenA possible. Thle agreement is ■ ■


earlier period it was also resolved that all eandidoites inteiidi,,-^ to boconxo should be selected by means of the examin­ ations which have si.nce been held for the award of county senior exhibitions. As a result of the regulations of the Board of Education then in operation', all pupils ex­ cept I hose who would have been by August 1909, three years in recogi^ked secondaiy sdhools, have been, preventerl 'from sub­ mitting themselves for the above-mentioned qiinilifyirig examination for bursarship. “ In view of all the circumstances, it is


I>ropo«ed that, for the year 1909 (provided (hat tli'e. maximum total to which reference has already been made is not exceeded) candidates may be accepted as bursars who receive a satisfactory report from the head (oachers of Ae secondary schools at wihich’ they are studying .and have passed one of the under-mentioned examinations: Junior Oxford, Junior Cambridge, examination held by the Lancashire Bidutmtion Com­ mittee for Ae award of Senior Exhibitions. The_ sub-committee recommend Aat the


following regulations.shall a.ppertain to all bursars recognised by A e Board of Educa­ tion for Ae year-igio;— (i) TShtit a main-


■ tenance grant_ of ^ 10 be allowed to all bursars recogni.sed during the year 1909-10; (2) that maintenance grants be pAd in. two eqiLail in.sta.lments, one in December, 1909, .and the oAer during June, 1910; (3) Ait the second moiety of thb maintenance grant be paid subject to a satisfactorv report as to at.tenda.nce, deligence and progress of each bursar during the hvo preceding terms ; (4) Aat Aivelling expenses (if any) and fe^ be p.-iid in respieict of a'll bursars recognised during th'e year 1909-10.’’


EATT.TYAT a g e e e m e n t wife a. view to opento


vAltov as a healtli and 1 Lancashire and Yorkshir ^ ,y ehtertained a party t Manchester distnot on made a tour of tlie 1


, ?a S ic supplied by Mr. J residents of the district i interested to see .what Ae


nalists say about it. 'Phe “ Daily Dispatclr' :


naturalist, Ricliard Jeffn .tliat nature students cou plenty to interest them nea. ])n tins spirit tlie Lancashi Railway Co., along with A gndeavourtog to prove to people in A e Manchest ^tbih an hour’s journey historical interest and pos not to be surpassed in ai lies waiting to be enjoyed. Tiie Rabble Valley, to t


facturing cenrtes of -Mid Lancashire, is well-knowil nitexplatoed reason. MancI to Aeir own loss, fight shy P A quick railway journey


ancient borou^, and see Crmwell'S warlike efforts- party movng along Count M a macadam smootliness


careered by A e quaint I'i ■ ham and the even prettier, of Waddington, it was qu dent that A e drive was to t


of A e ordinary. Pend'le Hill’s bluff outl;


dulating country-side, a many ti'iits, formed conira a charming pic Are. Sawlley vith its ruined a


Rabble Aowing a clear fac Hodder, beloved of angle: visited, and finally Ae gl district brought one part o- close. The return was^ by f Want of space forbids


regard to Ae historic.al si' Vallet' is full of romance. .■V brief visit to Browsll


mansion centuries old and| carving done by successiwO one familv, provided a rarel will find material toinHeresf \isltis, and it is no uncoi| rambling clubs to spend afternoon to- the summer all alnd find fresh walks each i ■ With commendable enterJ


Y. and Messrs. Cook haveT tactive programme for the ij From June to September I


train is run every Saturdal now book combined ticket| railtVay "jouniey, a choice meals. Four routes have be and from either. Whalley or i| starting point a beautiful moon’s outing now awaits dweller. The following is from th|


Guardian ” :— Iti does not c| dtraary man that Lancashire [


■ apart from its industrial ■ side as softly beautiful as trial side is harsh and workl cashire and Yorksihire Ra'f covered that under the sheltl of Fondle Hill, and withinf have a rich jjocket of the a district which still renl Where it was a centuiy or I La.ncashire must have beerl


in those days. It has its scen| •its valleys are still green, .inhabited by lirii, its hill-] wide enough for one sheep : if its ruined abbeys ;uid cm ore a stone or two worse off a hmidred years ago, the i' ken walls is the richer for ti (poriiti.ps a greater compens: torv is much more readily ever it could have been in fact, one need only go -t twe'intieth-cei-»t.ur\- kiosk in Victoria Station, Manchesln nothing books full of it— b origin a.nd fate of this ok doings of the great man t old tomb in the churdltvar Aed in Ais old hall, or 0 that hangs. aliout this tricl the stones. W'it'h a view to showing


of Lancashire can do in .Ai and old associations the YorkAire Railway on Moi to a p.'irty of press repil; Manoehster, whom they t'


'Bhiiough thle heart of the The railliway intend issuin' to the dist'rict, to include a mea'l. It is certainly a Ae tvalker or the cyclist or tTOul'd find it hard to ^


Olitheroe, -ivhich. is within newto’hi'dustirialised Lancas


old Norman keep; and 01. behiind one is right into tl shire strai^t aiw.ay. Yen almost any route at rando But on a firsit risit peAaps would be to climib Fdndk stock of the countrv from i Ais xvmt.-i'.ge point can be 1 k'n’dwiledige of (he many if points of historic interest! 1} these cam be Idoketl into laijer.' The Riibble Vallk doivin below. There are toges with streams rurati; struts, outhing homestead mtod trees, abbeys and F wiA- stones and graveyard ’Bhon in the distance are ' ■ "ihbse amimits seem to p| climb and pros!


TiLl-vV.-.'':.:


q-HE BE'AUTIES OF VALLEY


'■ A' ’ ■ •/’J -


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