| From the Editor’s Desk


Harnessing hydropower in North America


H


ydropower has been a cornerstone of North America’s energy infrastructure for decades. As the continent strives to transition towards a sustainable and green energy future, the untapped potential


and new opportunities for hydropower development present a compelling case for renewed investment and innovation in this sector. North America boasts significant hydropower capacity, with the US and Canada leading the way. The US alone has over 1450 conventional and 40 pumped storage hydropower plants, contributing about 7% of the nation’s electricity. Canada, with its vast river systems, derives nearly 60% of its electricity from hydropower, showcasing the resource’s vital role in its energy mix. Despite these impressive figures, the potential for


expansion remains substantial. Many existing dams, initially constructed for flood control, irrigation, or water supply, do not currently generate electricity. According to the US Department of Energy, retrofitting these non-powered dams could add up to 12GW of new hydropower capacity. Furthermore, advancements in technology enable the development of low-impact, small-scale hydropower systems that can be deployed in previously unsuitable sites, such as smaller rivers and streams, with minimal environmental disruption. Modern technological advancements are pivotal in unlocking hydropower’s full potential while addressing historical environmental concerns. Fish-friendly turbines and innovative dam designs are mitigating the adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems, ensuring that new projects can coexist with environmental conservation efforts. The development of run-of-river and in-stream hydrokinetic systems also offer solutions that generate electricity without the need for large reservoirs, thereby reducing habitat disruption and displacement issues. The integration of digital technologies and smart grids enhances the efficiency and flexibility of hydropower plants. By utilizing real-time data and advanced analytics, operators can optimize water flow management, predict maintenance needs, and integrate seamlessly with other renewable sources like


wind and solar, thereby ensuring a stable and reliable energy supply. The expansion of hydropower in North America offers numerous economic and social benefits. Job creation is a significant advantage, as the construction, maintenance, and operation of hydropower plants require a skilled workforce. This can stimulate local economies, particularly in rural and underdeveloped regions where new projects may be located. To fully realize the potential of hydropower, supportive policies and robust investment are essential. Governments at all levels need to streamline permitting processes, provide incentives for retrofitting non-powered dams, and invest in research and development of new technologies. Public-private partnerships can play a crucial role in mobilizing the necessary capital and expertise, facilitating the development of innovative hydropower projects. However, a comprehensive energy strategy that


recognizes the role of hydropower in a diversified renewable energy portfolio is crucial. By setting ambitious but achievable targets for renewable energy adoption, policymakers can drive the expansion of hydropower alongside other green technologies, ensuring a balanced and resilient energy grid. As North America grapples with the urgent need to decarbonize its energy systems, hydropower stands out as a powerful ally in the quest for sustainability. The untapped potential, coupled with technological innovations and favorable economic impacts, positions hydropower as a key component of the continent’s renewable energy future. By fostering supportive policies, encouraging investment, and prioritizing environmental considerations, North America can harness the full power of its waterways, paving the way for a greener, more sustainable energy landscape.


Carrieann Stocks www.waterpowermagazine.com | June 2024 | 3


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