MACHINERY | MATERIALS TESTING
Right: The new Agilent 5800 and 5900 systems provide a range of smart capabilities to simplify analysis of samples, processes, and operational status
similar to traditional, basic lab equipment. Familiar features enhance the comfort level for new users, Desrosiers explains. In-line measurement systems also benefit com- pounders using regrind or post-consumer recyclate, which can vary significantly. Dynisco offers several instruments for in-line and on-line melt-flow measurement, for example. “On-line measurement data gives a full picture and allows you to make process decisions in real-time,” says Desrosiers.
that can affect processability and end-use properties. MWD can be measured using gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Agilent’s High Temperature Evaporative Light-scattering Detector (HT-ELSD) for high-tem-
IMAGE: AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES
perature GPC does not depend on MW and is now linear as a function of concentration; its signal is not dependent on MWD or the type of polymer, so the benefits of increased sensitivity can be used
Below: Agilent’s HT-ELSD detector for high- temperature GPC is said to provide reliable polymer molecular weight characterisation
Intelligent instruments “Intelligent” instruments can guide users through an analysis, reducing the level of expertise needed. For example, Agilent Technologies’ latest genera- tion ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer) systems for elemental analysis incorporate sensors linked to software tools, such as the IntelliQuant feature that collects data from the entire wavelength range, identifies spectral interferences and provides recommenda- tions to the analyst. Other smart algorithms available in the 5800 and 5900 ICP-OES systems include tools for background correction and curve-fitting and that use data analytics to automate troubleshooting and to assist with method development. In addi- tion, the instruments incorporate sensors and software that track instrument health and alert users when maintenance is required. For example, a Neb Alert feature continuously monitors the nebulizer and alerts the operator when it needs cleaning or is leaking. In the polymers industry, ICP-OES can be used for effectively quantifying and identifying trace elements (for example metals such as zinc that may be components of additives in compounds). Together with molecular weight (MW), molecu- lar weight distribution is a critical polymer property
to generate reliable molecular weight characterisa- tions for a range of high temperature soluble polymers, the company says. The system provides a fast set-up time of one
hour, compared to several hours for a typical conventional differential refractive index detector (DRI). Initial tests of the ELSD show a higher signal to noise compared to DRI, which allows for better reproducibility of MWD. This is especially useful for analysis of ultra-high density polyethylene (UH- DPE), where sensitivity is problematic using conventional detectors. In addition, the system offers greater flexibility in solvent selection. And solvent gradients can be run at elevated tempera- tures, enabling the detector to be used for more advanced techniques.
IMAGE: AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES 22 FILM & SHEET EXTRUSION | January/February 2020
Familiar looks Spectro’s ICP Analyzer Pro software, introduced in 2018 for the company’s latest ICP-OES models, features a familiar interface that is claimed to simplify use for inexperienced operators. Features include displays that show only essential informa- tion and require minimal mouse movements. Work- flows are streamlined, but data processing is even faster than in previous versions, the company claims. An X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer is a suitable instrument for identification of materials and detection of additives ranging from large quantities down to trace levels. Instruments are available as handheld, portable, and benchtop units and are suitable for both screening and process control. In polymer compounding processes, a typical application for XRF could be to measure fillers, pigments, flame retardants, and stabilisers, according to Dirk Wissmann, Senior Product Manager at Spectro Analytical Instruments, which is part of Ametek’s Materials Analysis Division. XRF can also be used to test
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