FLAT DIES | MACHINERY
This property has been used industrially for the manufacturing of sports shoe air bladders where one of the micro-layer polymers is an elastomeric material [14]
.
Conclusion Polymeric nano-layered films have been made in the lab since the 1960s but their industrial develop- ment is relatively recent. Today, there are very successful industrial
applications in the main areas of optical film, cast stretch film and special barrier sheet. Still, there seems to be much more potential – and it is likely that the industry will embrace nano-layered film technology further. One key area is to understand the complex crystallisation behavior of barrier materials in confined assemblies and how it affects barrier performance. Also, while tooling technology has made significant progress for industrial applications, pushing the boundaries of design will help to create even more complex film structures in future. n Olivier Catherine is technical director at Cloeren Incorporated in Orange, Texas, USA
References
1) Catherine O., “Sub-micron coextrusion Technology and application examples”, in TAPPI PLACE Conference Proceedings, Seattle, WA (2012)
2) Schrenk W., Chisholm D., Cleereman K., Turner A., US Patent 3,565,985 (1969)
3) Tollar J., US Patent 3,239,197 (1960) 4) Schrenk W., Shastri R., Ayres R. and Gosen D., US Patent 5,094,788 (1992)
5) Oliver G., “Micro-layer Coextrusion Methods and Applications”, in TAPPI PLACE Conference Proceedings, Seattle, WA (2012) 6) Cloeren P., Interface Control US Patent 6,905,324 (2002)
7) Mueller C., Topolkaraev V., Soerens D., Hiltner A., Baer E., Breathable Polymer Films Produced by the Microlayer Coextrusion Process, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., Vol 78, 816-828 (2000)
8) Cloeren P., Catherine O., “NanoLayer Stretch Films”, in AMI Stretch and Shrink Conference Proceedings, Vienna Austria (2011)
9) T. Schmitz, D. Finnemore, G. Kedzierski and J. Dendauw, Thin Gauge Films Secure Heavy Loads (Kunststoffe International Magazine, Munich, Jul. 2013), pp. 44–47
10) P. Cloeren, “2015 Stretch Film Market Overview”, in AMI Stretch and Shrink Film USA Conference Proceedings, New Orleans, LA (2015)
11) Ronaghan C., “Technology Trends: Development in Cast Film” , Plastics Technology 2016 Extrusion Conference, Charlotte NC (2016)
12) Wang H., Confined Crystallization, Crystalline phase deformation and their effects on the properties of Crystalline Polymers - Ph.D. Thesis – Case Western Reserve University - 2009
13) Medlock G., Dolgovskij M., “Barrier Performance of Nanolayer EVOH Film”, TAPPI PLACE Conference Proceedings, Seattle WA (2012)
14) Bonk H., Goldwasser D., Mitchell P., US Patent 6,082,025 (1998)
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