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ANALYSIS | ODOUR AND EMISSIONS


highlighted on the aroma map (Figure 1) and it was observed that many new compounds appeared in some batches, making them non-compliant. Those molecules were identified using the AroChemBase software, showing that alkanes such as decane, nonane and tetradecane isomers were present. Analysis was undertaken on both the plastic and aluminium parts of the caps to understand where the non-conformity was emanating from. The results confirmed that the perceived odour problems were due to the plastic insert and not to the aluminium part of the cap. Quality control charts (Figure 2) were also plotted to separate conforming and non-conforming production samples. Trace organics test equipment maker Markes International has made a number of


improvements to its xr series of thermal desorbers for analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs). The company says that these further extend the capabilities of its fully automated TD100-xr thermal desorber and of all the modular systems based on its modular UNITY- xr platform – which include Air Server-xr, CIA Advantage-xr, Kori-xr and ULTRA-xr units.


Stacked samples Markes says a key feature of the new instruments is ‘sample stacking’ – the ability to pre-concentrate multiple tube, canister or on-line samples on the same focusing trap before its desorption to the gas chromatograph. This increases the overall analytical sensitivity and usability, allowing the user to combine mixtures of otherwise incompatible standards for analysis in a single run. “Our customers, whether sampling from tubes, canisters or on-line, are constantly on the look-out for ways to reduce detection limits while at the same time keeping cycle times to a minimum,” says Dr Massimo Santoro, Business Unit Director at Markes International. “The new sample stacking capability of our xr systems allows them to do just that, and so get the best out of their TD system.” In addition to sample stacking, a range of


Figure 1: A Heracles NEO aroma map based on principal component analysis (PCA) of a plastic-lined aluminium olive oil closure showing selected discriminating volatile compounds Source: Alpha MOS


features helps to streamline routine instrument use. An automated alert indicates when routine mainte- nance is needed, helping reduce instrument downtime and to keep the system performing at its best, according to the company. Additional diagnostic features of the new equipment include intelligent, automated leak pinpointing for faster troubleshooting, and remote checking of on-line instruments. For analysts routinely running standard meth-


ods, and especially for new users, the enhanced systems are said to save set-up time and speed up user familiarisation by offering pre-loaded instru- ment parameters for a variety of commonly-adopt- ed methods. These include the US EPA TO 15 and TO 17 methods for canister and tube-based sampling, respectively, as well as the PAMS protocol for on-line sampling of hydrocarbon ozone precursors.


Figure 2. A quality control chart for plastic-lined aluminium olive oil closures produced on a Heracles NEO analysis system using discriminating volatile compounds Source: Alpha MOS


54 COMPOUNDING WORLD | March 2020


Additive solutions Identifying and measuring additives is part of the battle — eliminating the other. Struktol has devel- oped a number of new additives for odour and VOC reduction that it is targeting at automotive, packaging and recycling applications. Struktol RP 17 is a combination lubricant and odour neutralis- ing agent/mask, which was originally designed to


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