key, because as you build up the layers, you need minimal shrinkage of each layer,” said Torosian. Additives, fillers and other modifiers are used in the formulations to reduce shrinkage and achieve better bonding between layers. The company measures CLTE and layer-to-layer adhesion as well as impact resistance and bulk and surface resistivity in its in-house development lab. In addition to the current FFF capabilities in its R&D lab, the company is adding desktop-sized, small-batch 3D-printing filament creation with automated diameter and ovality control that will enable it to make high quality parts for accurate testing and faster development of new products. The company plans to also develop conductive concentrates and compounds for injection moulding applications.
New nanotubes Israeli company Nemo Nanomaterials has introduced several series of NemoBlend SWCNT [single-wall CNT] masterbatches. The PA6000 series offers electrical conductivity and EMI shielding in PAs, for enclosures, for example. The PE1000 series offers electrical conductivity for PE extrusion applications, such as cables and pipes, and for moulding applications. The PP2000 series provides electrical conductivity in PP. The PS4000 series enhances electrical conductivity in ABS or PS, such as in battery covers for electric vehicles. The company reports that it is also developing masterbatches of CNTs with other nano-carbons and halogen-free flame retardants. TrimTabs, a Wales, UK-based process technology company, is developing a new low-cost, continuous method of producing CNTs from hydrocarbons, including carbon from both pigmented and unpigmented plastic waste, that it plans to bring to commercial scale as micro-factories in a geographically distributed format to aid supply security. TrimTabs CNTs are designed for use in multiple application areas, including thermoplastics. In automotive thermoplastics, for example, CNTs can be used to make lighter, stronger parts with electrostatic dissipative properties. Other thermoplastic applications are looking for EMI shielding properties or for both electrical and thermal conductivity. The company currently supplies its CNTs as powder but has made masterbatches on a research scale.
Graphene compounds Canadian graphene producer NanoXplore has recently introduced a new series of graphene additives, produced using a highly efficient, proprietary, dry processing method. These additives are available as powder or masterbatch, and they feature exceptionally high surface areas – 0X-300 and 0X-500 (300 m²/g and 500 m²/g, respectively) – and high conductivity. The new graphene performs better than existing graphene powders in electrical properties, although the earlier graphene additives excel in thermal conductivity and
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