CONTINUING EDUCATION TEST
Testing for Clostridioides difficile and its disease JANUARY 2022 [This form may be photocopied. It is no longer valid for CEUs after July 31, 2023.] Passing scores of 70 percent or higher are eligible for 1 contact hour of P.A.C.E. credit.
TEST QUESTIONS Circles must be filled in, or test will not be graded. Shade circles like this: ONot like this:O
1. C. difficile is a ________ pathogen that causes ________ and _________.
{A. viral; diarrhea and colitis {B. viral; respiratory distress and pneumonia {C. bacterial; diarrhea and colitis {D. bacterial; sore throat and tonsilitis
2. How much hospital-acquired diarrhea does C. difficile account for?
{A. 5-10% {B. 5-15% {C. 15/30% {D. 50-75%
3. The inflammatory toxins associated with C. difficile are______.
{A. A and B {B. C and D {C. A and C {D. C and F
4. Hospital-acquired CDI is currently increasing over community-acquired C. difficile infections (CDI).
{A. True
{A. 25; 75 {B. 85; 15 {C. 30; 70 {D. 50; 50
6. The main limitation to the gold standard CCNA and CCFA is:
{A. the turnaround time of results {B. it is expensive to run {C. it needs highly trained techs {D. all of the above
7. The use of toxin immunoassays has raised concern because of its________.
{A. positive predictive value {B. high sensitivity {C. low sensitivity {D. low specificity
{B. False
5. FDA-cleared tests that detect C. difficile are about _____% immunoassay and ____% NAAT.
8. GDH immunoassay is a great biomarker test because it is a stable enzyme produced when the organism is actively growing in the large intestine.
{A. True {B. False
9. The main limitation of the GDH immunoassay: {A. is time consuming
{B. doesn’t differentiate between toxigenic and nontoxigenic strains
{C. has a low sensitivity {D. is very expensive
10. Many NAAT assays to detect C. difficile can detect fewer than ______ cells per gram of feces.
{A. 5 {B. 15 {C. 25 {D. 50
11. The main limitation of NAAT assays:
{A. will give positive results with spores and dead cells, which do not cause
active CDI
{B. is low sensitivity {C. is long turnaround time {D. is very expensive
12. Algorithm testing guideline to accurately diagnose CDI is recommended by:
{A. ESCMID {B. ASM {C. ACG {D. All of the above
13. Algorithm testing is optimal because it brings together the ______ of GDH/NAAT assays and the ________ of toxin testing.
{A. low NPV; low PPV {B. high NPV; high PPV {C. high NPV; low PPV {D. low NPV; high PPV
14. Algorithm testing provides confirmatory results for ________% of the specimens submitted for CDI diagnosis.
{A. 65 {B. 75 {C. 80 {D. 90
15. Even though many patients will continue to test positive for weeks or months after CDI, the resolution of symptoms more accurately correlates with the disappearance of the toxin.
{A. True 16. The hallmark of CDI is:
{A. vomiting {B. headache {C. inflammation that triggers diarrhea {D. inflammation that triggers joint pain
17. The severity of C. difficile disease can be monitored by:
{A. WBC count and fecal lactoferrin {B. CRP and ferritin {C. WBC count and CRP {D. IL-6 and fecal lactoferrin
18. Post CDI can trigger:
{A. autoimmune disease {B. heart disease {C. chronic fatigue {D. IBS
19. Treatments for CDI include:
{A. fecal transplants {B. monoclonal antibody therapy {C. antibiotics {D. all of the above
20. Questions have recently been raised about ______________ and __________ possibly predisposing patients to CDI.
{A. other respiratory viruses {B. SARS CoV-2 {C. Both A and B {D. other bacterial infections
Tests can be taken online or by mail. Easy registration and payment options are available through NIU by following the links found at
www.mlo-online.com/ce. PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY NAME CITY PHONE STATE ZIP MAILING ADDRESS INSTITUTION/FACILITY E-MAIL ADDRESS
Send your $20 check payable to Northern Illinois University with this form to: University Outreach Services, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115-2860 Phone: 815-753-0031 FEE NOT REFUNDABLE OR TRANSFERABLE
P = Poor; E = Excellent
1. To what extent did the article focus on or clarify the objectives?
P E
2. To what extent was the article well-organized and readable?
P E
3. How will you use the CE units? state license
recertification
employment other
CE Licensure Information for FL and CA:
FL: Your FL license number:____________________ (required for CE credit)
CA: Accrediting Agency: 0001 (for use in submitting your CE credits to CA)
MLO and Northern Illinois University (NIU), DeKalb, IL, are co-sponsors in offering continuing education units (CEUs) for this issue’s CE article. CEUs or contact hours are granted by the College of Health and Human Sciences at Northern Illinois University, which has been approved as a provider of continuing education programs in the clinical laboratory sciences by the ASCLS P.A.C.E.®
program. Approval as a provider of continuing education programs has been granted by the
state of Florida (Provider No. JP0000496). Continuing education credits awarded for successful completion of this test are acceptable for the ASCP Board of Registry Continuing Competence Recognition Program. Readers who pass the test successfully (scoring 70% or higher) will receive a certificate for 1 contact hour of P.A.C.E.® credit. Participants should allow three to five weeks for receipt of certificate. The fee for this continuing education test is $20. This test was prepared by Amanda Voelker, MPH, MT(ASCP), MLS, Clinical Education Coordinator, School of Health Studies, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL
14 JANUARY 2022
MLO-ONLINE.COM HOME WORK {B. False
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