TABLE OF REFERENCE INTERVALS
SPECIMEN TEST S
B B P S S
S/P B
S/P S S S S S S P S S S B B B B S S B B S B B B S B B B
S/P B B S S B B S S S S S S S S S
S B
S
CONVENTIONAL UNITS CONVERSION FACTOR (MULTIPLY BY)
Albumin*
Base excess (men) Base excess (women) Bicarbonate
Bilirubin, conjugated* Bilirubin, total* Calcium, total
CO2 content (venous) Chloride*
Cholesterol (NCEP recommendation) Cortisol (a.m., total)* Creatinine (Jaffe, men)* Creatinine (Jaffe, women)* Ferritin (men)*
Ferritin (women)* Fibrinogen Folate
Glucose, fasting* Haptoglobin*
Hematocrit (men)* Hematocrit (women)* Hemoglobin (men)* Hemoglobin (women)* Iron, total
Iron binding capacity Lactate (at bed rest) Lead
Magnesium (Atomic Absorption) MCH (RBC index)* MCHC (RBC index)* MCV (RBC index)* Osmolality
pCO2 pCO2
(arterial) (men) (arterial) (women) pH (arterial)*
Phosphate (as P)* pO2
(arterial)
Platelet count Potassium
Protein, total (recumbent) RBC count (men)* RBC count (women)* Sodium
Thyroxine, free*
Thyroxine (T4), total (men)* Thyroxine (T4), total (women)*
Triglyceride (NCEP recommendation) Urea nitrogen (BUN)* Uric acid (men)*
Uric acid (women)*
Vitamin B12 (WHO Recommendation) Vitamin D (25-OH) WBC count
Zinc 3.9-5.1 g/dL
-3.3 to +1.2 mmol/L -2.4 to +2.3 mmol/L 21-29 mmol/L <0.3 mg/dL 0.1-1.2 mg/dL 9-10.4 mg/dL 22-26 mEq/L 98-107 mEq/L 140-200 mg/dL 5-23 µg/dL
0.9-1.3 mg/dL 0.6-1.1 mg/dL 39-715 ng/mL 6-362 ng/mL
200-400 mg/dL 9.5-39.0 ng/mL 74-100 mg/dL 30-200 mg/dL
40.0-52.0 % 35.0-47.0 %
14-18 g/dL 12-16 g/dL
20-168 µg/dL 250-400 µg/dL 5-12 mg/dL <25 µg/dL
1.6-2.6 mg/dL
28.0-32.0 pg/cell 32.0-36.0 g/dL 83.0-95.0 fL
280-295 m0sm/kg 35-48 mm Hg 32-45 mm Hg
7.35-7.45
2.8-4.8 mg/dL 83-108 mm Hg 150-450 103
3.8-4.9 mEq/L 6.0-7.8 g/dL 4.5-5.9 106 4.5-5.1 106
/mm3
/mm3 /mm3
136-145 mEq/L 0.8-2.7 ng/dL 4.6-10.5 µg/dL 5.5-11 µg/dL 10-150 mg/dL 8-24 mg/dL
218-459 µmol/L 147-366 µmol/L >201 pg/mL
10-65 ng/ml 4-11 103
80-120 µg/dL /mm3
10 1 1 1
17.1 17.1 0.25 1 1
0.0259 27.6 88.4 88.4 1 1
0.01 2.265
0.0555 0.01 0.01 0.01 10 10
0.179 0.179 0.111 0.048 0.4114 1
10 1 1
0.133 0.133 1
0.323 0.133 1 1
10 1 1 1
12.9 12.9 12.9
0.0113 0.357 59.48 59.48 0.733
2.50 1
0.153
SI UNITS 39-51 g/L
-3.3 to +1.2 mmol/L -2.4 to +2.3 mmol/L 21-29 mmol/L <5 µmol/L
2.0-19.9 µmol/L 2.24-2.6 mmol/L 22-26 mmol/L 98-107 mmol/L 3.6-5.2 mmol/L 138-635 nmol/L 80-115 µmol/L 53-97 µmol/L 39-715 µg/L 6-362 µg/L 2-4 g/L
21.5-88.4 nmol/L 4.1-5.6 mmol/L 0.3-2.0 g/L
0.40-0.52 Vol fraction 0.35-0.47 Vol fraction 140-180 g/L 120-160 g/L
3.5-30.0 µmol/L 44.8-71.6 µmol/L 0.56-1.39 mmol/L <1.21 µmol/L
0.66-1.07 mmol/L 28.0-32.0 pg/cell 320-360 g/L 83.0-95.0 fL
280-295 mmol/kg 4.7-6.4 kPa 4.3-6.0 kPa
7.35-7.45
0.89-1.54 mmol/L 11.0-14.4 kPa 150-450 109
/L
3.8-4.9 mmol/L 60-78 g/L 4.5-5.9 1012 4.5-5.1 1012
/L /L
136-145 mmol/L 10.3-34.7 pmol/L 59-135 nmol/L 65-138 nmol/L 0.11-1.7 mmol/L 2.8-8.6 mmol/L 0.22-0.46 mmol/L 0.15-0.37 mmol/L >147 pmol/L
25-162 nmol/L 4-11 109
/L 12-18 µmol/L
Specimens: B, whole blood; P, plasma; S, serum. Reference intervals depend on test method and the demographics of the normal population used. *Adult intervals (18Y-60Y). Age specific ranges apply for pediatric and/or geriatric populations. Source: Burtis CA, Bruns DE. Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 7th ed. St. Louis, MO; Elsevier; 2015 and Rifai, N, Horvath AR, Wittwer, CT. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, 6th ed. St. Louis, MO; Elsevier; 2018 McPherson RA, Pincus MR. Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 22nd ed; 2011. Revised 2023 by S.T. Campbell, PhD, DABCC, FAACC, Director of Chemistry, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
www.clr-online.com • MLO • CLR 2023-2024 9
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