Precision casting A casting of high dimensional accuracy produced via investment casting, plaster mold casting, di- ecasting, permanent mold casting or shell mold casting.
Pressure casting Making castings with pressure applied to the molten charge material, as in diecasting, centrifugal casting
and injection molding, as opposed to gravity pouring. Quenching Rapid cooling from an elevated temperature for hardening, normally achieved by immersion of the object in water, oil, or salt or organic compound solutions.
Recovery rate Ratio of the number of saleable parts to the total number of parts manufactured, expressed as a percentage.
Refractory Heat-resistant ceramic material. Reject rate Ratio of the number of parts scrapped to the total number of parts manufactured, expressed as a percentage.
Rheocasting Metalcasting process where liquid metal is agitated during initial stages of solidification to produce a semi-solid structure that remains highly fluid after 60% solidification.
Riser See feeder. Runner system or gating The set of channels in a mold
through which molten metal is poured to fill the mold cavity. The system normally consists of a vertical section (downgate or sprue) to the point where it joins the mold cavity (gate) and leads from the mold cavity through
vertical channels (risers or feeders). Sand inclusions Cavities or surface imperfections on a cast- ing caused by sand washing into the mold.
Scrap a) Any scrap metal melted (usually with suitable additions of pig iron or ingots) to produce castings. b) Reject castings.
Segregation A casting defect in which alloying elements are concentrated in specific regions, usually as a result of the primary crystallization of one phase with the subsequent
concentration of other elements in the remaining liquid. Semi-permanent mold A permanent mold in which sand, plastic or graphite cores are used.
Shakeout Te process of separating the solidified casting
from the mold material (Fig. 7). Short run a) Insufficient metal in a ladle to fill the mold. b) When metal freezes at the gates before filling the mold.
Shrinkage Contraction of metal in the mold during solidifi- cation. Te term also is used to describe the casting defect, such as shrinkage cavity, which results from poor design, insufficient metal feed or inadequate feeding.
Slag A fused nonmetallic material that protects molten metal
from the air and extracts certain impurities from the melt. Slag inclusions Casting surface imperfections similar to sand inclusions but containing impurities from the charge materials, silica and clay eroded from the refrac- tory lining, and ash from the fuel during the melting process. May also originate from metal-refractory reac- tions occurring in the ladle during the pouring of the casting.
a liquid (Fig. 8). Sodium silicate/CO2
Slurry A flowable mixture of refractory particles suspended in process Molding sand is mixed with
Sprue (downsprue-downgate) Te channel, usually verti- cal, through which molten metal enters the mold.
Stress relieving A process of reducing residual stresses in a casting by heating it to a suitable temperature and holding it for a sufficient time.
Superalloy An alloy developed for very high temperatures where relatively high stresses are encountered and where oxidation resistance is needed.
Surface treating Any method of treating the surface of a metal to make it more resistant to weather or chemical attack.
Test bar A standard specimen bar designed to permit deter- mination of mechanical properties of the metal from which it was poured.
Test lug A lug cast as a part of the casting and later removed for testing purposes.
Thermal expansion Te increase in a linear dimension and volume of a material accompanying a change of temperature.
Vent An opening or passage in a mold or core to facilitate escape of gases when the mold is poured.
Tilt-pouring In permanent molding, when the mold is moved from a low angle to a vertical position during pouring.
Warpage a) A deformation other than contraction that develops in a casting between solidification and room tem- perature. b) A distortion occurring during annealing, stress relieving and high-temperature service.
sodium silicate and the mold is gassed with CO2 to produce a hard mold or core.
Wax pattern A precise duplicate, allowing for shrinkage, of the casting and required gates, usually formed by pouring or injecting molten wax into a die or mold (Fig. 9).
Yield or casting yield The percentage of quality degated castings produced in relation to the amount of molten metal poured.
50 Metal Casting Design & PurChasing 2013 Casting sourCe DireCtory
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99 |
Page 100 |
Page 101 |
Page 102 |
Page 103 |
Page 104 |
Page 105 |
Page 106 |
Page 107 |
Page 108 |
Page 109 |
Page 110 |
Page 111 |
Page 112 |
Page 113 |
Page 114 |
Page 115 |
Page 116 |
Page 117 |
Page 118 |
Page 119 |
Page 120 |
Page 121 |
Page 122 |
Page 123 |
Page 124 |
Page 125 |
Page 126 |
Page 127 |
Page 128 |
Page 129 |
Page 130 |
Page 131 |
Page 132 |
Page 133 |
Page 134 |
Page 135 |
Page 136 |
Page 137 |
Page 138 |
Page 139 |
Page 140 |
Page 141 |
Page 142 |
Page 143 |
Page 144 |
Page 145 |
Page 146 |
Page 147 |
Page 148 |
Page 149 |
Page 150 |
Page 151 |
Page 152 |
Page 153 |
Page 154 |
Page 155 |
Page 156 |
Page 157 |
Page 158 |
Page 159 |
Page 160 |
Page 161 |
Page 162 |
Page 163 |
Page 164 |
Page 165 |
Page 166 |
Page 167 |
Page 168 |
Page 169 |
Page 170 |
Page 171 |
Page 172