ARTICLE | THE MALE FACE |
when treated with a hyaluronic acid filler alone15 .
. To
avoid intravascular injection the authors prefer retrograde linear threading16
The horizontal lines are caused by the venter frontalis
musculi occipitofrontalis. In some younger males, strong muscles in combination with a thicker forehead soft tissue layer can lead to deep lines. The frontal region should be better treated together with the glabella to achieve optimum results. The main adverse effect is a
Figure 2 33-year-old before (A) and after (B) treatment to the nasolabial fold with hyaluronic acid (Esthélis Basic, Anteis, Switzerland)
brow ptosis, especially in males; therefore, injections should preferably target the upper proportion of the forehead, and leave some minor activity in the lower part. The lower 2 cm of the frontalis muscle control the brow position and are a no-go area for botulinum toxin treatment. These rules will prevent a mask-like appearance and a brow ptosis17
. CrowÕs feet are the result
of lateral orbiscularis oculi muscle movement. In some males, the lateral part will expand more laterally and should be considered as an injection site14
. Periorbital hyperpigmentation (dark circles) can be
differentiated into vascular, constitutional, postinflammatory types, as well as shadow effects. It is quite common in patients of Asian origin. The shadow type is more often seen in males owing to the particular orbital anatomy with deep seated eyes18
. Depending on
the underlying pathologies, a variety of treatment options such as the fractional 1550 nm erbium-doped fibre laser, 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, chemical peels or even topical formulations of Pfaffia paniculata, Ptychopetalum olacoides B., and Lilium candidum L.-associated compounds have been used to improve periorbital hyperpigmentation19, 20
. The mid-
facial region is an area in which dermal filler
20 ❚
injections become more important than botulinum toxin.
June 2012 |
prime-journal.com
The mid-face The mid-facial region is an area in which dermal filler injections become more important than botulinum toxin. Sculpting of the mid-face includes the perioral region with tear trough deformity, nasolabial folds and cheeks. Fine wrinkling of the lower-lid can be smoothed with superficial injections of small doses of botulinum toxin. This can be combined with either radiofrequency or laser treatment to induce collagen neoformation, and improving skin laxity as a result21–23
. The tear trough deformity can be treated with dermal
filler injections (mostly hyaluronic acid) or autologous adipose tissue transfer. When using a calcium hydroxylapatatite biostimulator (i.e. Radiesse; Merz Aesthetics) for aesthetic purposes, the lower orbital rim must be acknowledged as a natural barrier or border
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84