Volcano Inside a crater


Magma rises through vents toward the crater. Once magma erupts from the crater, it fl ows over the ground as lava.


vent


lava flows


magma rises


Active Volcano Magma is lighter than the rock around it, so it rises up toward Earth’s surface. Sometimes it rises through passages called vents. Volcanoes form around these vents. As magma rises, it can also heat water


under the ground. T e water evaporates and steam swirls out of holes near the volcano. T ese holes are called fumaroles. When a volcano erupts, magma, gas, rock, and ash shoot upward. T e magma is now called lava. Lava can flow great distances before it cools and hardens. Kawah Ijen’s last major eruption was


almost 200 years ago. But that doesn’t mean the volcano is quiet. “T is is an active volcano,” Pallister says. “T at means it could erupt at any time.


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Kawah Ijen is home to the largest acid lake in the world.


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