Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN Examination Silvestri 5th Edition Test Bank 2


Silvestri: Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN® Examination, 5th Edition


Nursing Sciences Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE


1. The client with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level on admission of 596 mg/dL. The nurse anticipates that this client would be experiencing which of the following types of acid-base imbalance? 1. Metabolic acidosis 2. Metabolic alkalosis 3. Respiratory acidosis 4. Respiratory alkalosis


ANS: 1


Rationale: Diabetes mellitus can lead to metabolic acidosis. When the body does not have sufficient circulating insulin, the blood glucose level rises while the cells of the body use all available glucose and then break down glycogen and fat for fuel. The by- products of fat metabolism are acidotic, leading to the complication called diabetic ketoacidosis.


Test-Taking Strategy: The strategic words in the question are “diabetes mellitus.” This tells you that the primary problem is metabolic in nature rather than respiratory, thus eliminating “respiratory acidosis” and “respiratory alkalosis.” Use knowledge of acid- base concepts to choose correctly between the two remaining options. Review the complications of diabetes mellitus if you had difficulty with this question.


PTS: 1 DIF: Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing REF: Ignatavicius, D., & Workman, M. (2010). Medical-surgical nursing: patient- centered collaborative care (6th ed.). St. Louis: Saunders. OBJ: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity TOP: Content Area: Nursing Sciences MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Assessment


2. The nurse is admitting a client with a diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome to the hospital. The nurse knows that if the disease is severe enough, the client will be at risk for which of the following acid-base imbalances? 1. Metabolic acidosis 2. Metabolic alkalosis 3. Respiratory acidosis 4. Respiratory alkalosis


ANS: 3 Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN Examination Silvestri 5th Edition Test Bank


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