growing conditions, such as drought and flooding, should be researched and there should be a better understanding of the risks and uncertainties of the market, so that more-effective management practices can be used. 2. Improved monitoring information targeted to particular areas of concern, and interpretation of that data, would help in a better understanding of the water resource and changes to it. For instance, in regions of B.C., agricultural uses of water face significant competition from other users and the environment. Contamination of surface water
and groundwater due to agriculture is a major concern. An example is Abbotsford, where extensive monitoring of groundwater quality from shallow and deep wells has revealed widespread nitrate contamination, which was associated with historic agricultural land use management. And, the report notes, in the Okanagan Valley, a region where agricultural activity depends on irrigation, there has been significant population growth in recent years and it is already nearing or exceeding the available water supply. 3. A better understanding of the complex interactions between land management and water sources is needed, including consideration of conservation agriculture and ecosystems. For instance, the loss of wetlands
and the increased nutrient load and pesticides on natural systems as a result of agriculture is becoming a more pressing issue, but there are management practices that can reduce such impacts, to the benefit of all.
4. Better knowledge of technology
and targeted research for more- efficient water use with less environment impact is needed. It can result in better productivity
as well as more resiliency in agriculture, reports the panel. 5. Effective governance is essential
to more-sustainable water management in agriculture, including non-government, indigenous people, civil society groups and businesses. A range of technological options in irrigation, precision agriculture, reduced-risk pesticides, and other
areas can contribute to maximizing opportunities and managing risks by improving water productivity, mitigating environmental impacts, and enhancing the overall productivity and resiliency of agriculture, according to the report. The report concluded by noting
that governance for water in Canada is considerably more complex today than it was in previous generations. Consequently, a host of new
challenges exist relating to effectiveness, capacity, legitimacy and accountability. Finally, the panel warns that a ‘business as usual’ approach will not work. In order to move forward, the panel suggested that water management varies across Canada and the response to problems, including governance, must be tailored to each region’s particular circumstances.
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