LED lighting has been embraced with increasing enthusiasm


as Local Authorities and property companies realise the benefits of longer life luminaires and significantly lower running costs. So why is LED so competitive? LED are now capable of up to 100,000 hours life – that is close to 11 years between replacements. In that time a 6’ (1500mm) LED unit will use only 29.4W p.h. compared to a T5 at 56W for the same 2490 lummens of delivered light. ‘Delivered light’ because LED are directed in a ±180o plane, whereas a tube, by its’ design emits light 360 o necessitating reflectors as part of the luminaire design. Notwithstanding the longevity of LED luminaires they offer great flexibility for switching controls with a greater degree of sophistication than fluorescent. Dimming, IP addressing luminaires and daylight sensors are three areas where LED surpass the capabilities of fluorescent. At the highest end of sophistication, luminaires can be individually controlled using their IP address, all monitored from a PC or tablet. This can realise up to an 80% saving on the operators


lighting bill. Unsurprisingly there has been a degree of cynicism by some early adopters as LED systems have been over-sold on the benefits … and the performance issues less well advertised. This is particularly relevant to the lower priced units in the early years of LED luminaires, and before the employment of professional energy managers. Things have changed, although caveat emptor remains the foundation of any purchasing decision. So let’s talk car park lighting. A car spends 96% of the time parked, 16% of that is in a car park i.e. not at home. To park and collect a car takes about four minutes which is when, in a multi-storey or underground car park, full illumination is needed. So there is no need to light the decks at 100% illumination for 100% of the time. So why don’t we illuminate the car park at, say, 20% for safety and security while there is no activity and bring it up to 100% when there is movement? We have the technology.


‘The math’ is simple; a 29.4W strip is already using less than half that of fluorescent and if it is operating at only 30% for most of the time i.e. <9W we can see how a £50,000 electricity bill drops-like-stone to about £12K or even less. The business case is made. Little known outside the industry is that DECC through the Carbon Trust Agency still offers grants for retrofitted bright white light for commercial property owners. To qualify the purchaser has to procure luminaires from a manufacturer that is on the Equipment Technical List. Retrofitting LED can be straight forward where the units are swapped out like-for-like but more usually there are issues with plan and configuration and quite often rewiring. A new lighting plan does not necessarily increase the spend. More often than not, fewer luminaires are needed to deliver an EU compliant lighting plan because of the significantly improved performance and engineering of luminaires. A lighting plan will minimize the number of areas in shadow and create a uniformity of light across the parking deck. To really start being smart with lighting it seems almost too obvious to say that lighting demands change with the season. But I can almost guarantee that there is multi storey car park in most cities where the outer parking bays of a car park are literally in broad daylight and yet with the lights on throughout the daylight period. A careless squandering of energy that can be easily remedied using either sensors or timing switches. A modern lighting plan will arrange lighting by sector and outer edges of car parks that benefit from daylight would factor in lighting gains and employ smart switching and sensors. Stairwells and pedestrian walkways tend to have more luminaires and therefore consume almost as much energy as the parking decks. They too do not need to have the lights fully on all the time, although a dim level of say 50% during inactivity is recommended.


So if you have ever wondered ‘WHY are those lights on?’ They needn’t be – particularly in broad daylight!


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