Towards a green economy Enabling condition

Laws and norms that encour- age technology transfer

Rationale: How it enables

Access to technology can be instrumental to the improved management of the environ- ment and natural resources, helping sustain the economic activity that relies on them. It can also create new economic opportunities.

Improved administrative and technical capacity in govern- ment and other organisations

In some cases, governments may need to enlarge their administrative and technical capacities as a prerequisite to enacting policies that stimulate investment in green economic activity.

Improved transparency and accountability

Transparency and account- ability are pillars of good governance. They allow for monitoring and evaluation of policies intended to stimulate green investment, and in this way can help ensure that poli- cies are efficient and effective at achieving their objectives.

Effective enforcement of laws Market

Green economic activity is encouraged by government support

In some sectors, direct support may be required to effect immediate change (especially where there is lengthy capital stock turnover) or to support infant green industries. This support must be carefully designed to avoid expensive or otherwise perverse and unintended outcomes.

Policy support for green sectors is clear, predictable and stable

Investors may be cautious of industries that rely on policy support. Investment can increase if support of green sectors is predictable, clear and has long-term stability.

Increased funding for the innovation chain (e.g. research, development, deployment, information-sharing)

Green subsidies, e.g. PPPs, low-interest loans, feed-in tariffs, investment incentives, exemption from certain regulation, stewardship jobs, support for green SMEs, etc.

Sustainable public procurement

Investment-grade policy design (e.g. long-term guarantees, predictable changes, gradually phased out support, etc.)

→ Agriculture, Cities, Manufacturing, Renewable Energy, Waste

→

Agriculture, Buildings, Cities, Fisheries, Forests, Manufacturing, Renewable Energy, Transport, Waste

→ Agriculture, Buildings, Cities, Renewable Energy, Waste

Unless laws can be adequately enforced, they may partially or fully fail to alter investments flows towards green economic activity.

Measures that can create the enabling condition

Sectors in which these measures are particularly important

Design of intellectual property rights → Agriculture, Renewable Energy, Transport

Removal of trade barriers to the transfer of green technologies; international cooperation on green technology transfer

Investments in technical and adminis- trative capabilities

International cooperation (e.g. Bali Strategic Plan for Technology Support and Capacity Building, etc.)

Monitoring and evaluation as a component of other policies

Transparency to make info, about decision-making and spending available in a user-friendly way

Accountability mechanisms as a com- ponent of policies (e.g. critical reviews, performance targets)

See Modelling chapter for information about measurement indicators

Create adequate enforcement incentives (e.g. adequately priced fines for non- compliance)

Develop capacity to enforce → Agriculture, Renewable Energy, Transport, Water

→ Fisheries, Manufacturing, Renewable Energy, Transport, Waste

→ Fisheries, Transport, Waste, Water → All → Cities, Forests, Transport → All, Forests → All → Cities, Fisheries, Forests, Manufacturing, Waste → Fisheries, Forests, Manufacturing

→ Renewable Energy, Transport

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