Trans RINA, Vol 152, Part A2, Intl J Maritime Eng, Apr-Jun 2010


advanced high-speed forms, and annual conferences, such as the Warship conference run every June since 1984. There is, finally, the annual RINA presentation of “Significant Ships”, which gives design details


but


without the very comprehensive and rounded background possible for those few designs presented in a full technical paper by members of the responsible design team. In addition in-depth descriptive, but less discursive, articles, usually on new merchant ships, also now tend to be frequently presented in the Institution’s Naval Architect magazine.


In just looking at the more recent Transactions papers on ship design, published with their discussions and authors’ reply,


it would be possible to follow Barnaby’s


sequential approach for each of the last five decades. However it is considered that an overview is best done through considering the following themes: general design reviews; specific merchant ship designs; specific naval ship and submarine designs; novel ship and craft types; design issues, such as accommodation, or economic and environmental concerns and, finally, ship design methods and design practice. This way of looking back over the most recent half century has been chosen as it is felt to give a sense of how the view of ship design and ship design practice has greatly broadened, albeit from the specific perspective provided through the Transaction papers.


4.1. GENERAL DESIGN REVIEWS


This is a useful opening category of papers since it commenced in the 1960 Transactions with two large scale reviews of ship design (naval and merchant) in the proceeding century. Sir A Sims, as Director General Ships and Head of RCNC, presented a 60 page survey, without a discussion, of “Warships 1860-1960”: their development (including comparison of the Royal Navy vessels


with designs by the other major navies),


development of a large number of new ship types and finally several major


review coherently summarised a century of


amazing change. J Murray of Lloyd’s Register in 45 pages covered “Merchant Ships 1860-1960” showing the astonishing progress in ship size and speed. Sections were given on Ore Carriers, Oil Tankers, Cargo Liners and the naval architecture of Passenger Ships, with a second part on resistance and propulsion, strength and safety. This can now be seen to have occurred at the very start of a further major growth in ship size, particularly in VLCCs and Container shipping, both unpredicted at that point in time.


J Chapman’s paper, also in 1960, on “the Development of the


Aircraft Carrier” of detailed the surveyed the developments largely UK


developments that were spectacularly adopted by the US Navy in its supercarriers. “Contribution Technology”


Sir A Sims’ 1968 paper


Warship Design to Industrial in ship


technology, including the naval contribution to merchant selected technical developments. This ship design. A significant review of “RN Post-war


Frigate and Destroyer designs” in 1974 by K Purvis gave substantial details and summaries of Types 12, 14, 41, 42, 61, and County Classes. The same year S Palmer’s paper “Impact of Gas Turbines on the Design of Major Warships” outlined the ship design implications of a major change in naval ship machinery, which at a stroke reduced complements substantially and reinforced the change that drove modern warships into being space, rather than weight, dominated. A similar review to that of Purvis was the Vosper Thornycroft


“Family of


Warships” presented by J Usher & A Dorey in 1982, on a series of successful designs, largely produced for smaller and, often, new navies. Its discussion alongside that on the Purvis paper provided considerable insight into the impact of modern technology on ship design. This was followed by A Dorey’s 1990 “High Speed Small Craft”, dealing with the lower end of this naval market, and by G Fuller’s 1999 “Quest for the True Submarine”, a review of another major UK post-War naval


technological


development. In the merchant ship world S Payne, as the Technical Director of Cunard and then Carnival, in his 1990 paper “Evolution of the Modern Cruise Ship” charted the return of the big passenger ship but now designed as the basis for a holiday itself, rather than being “the only way to travel”, as had applied previously to the great Atlantic Liners before their demise due to the success of jet airliner. Payne updated this major expansion in fleets and ships’ passenger capacity in his 1993 paper “From Tropicale to Fantasy: A Decade of Cruise Ship Development”, a growth which shows little sign of slowing down in the 21st Century’s first decade. A whole new type of vessels was surveyed by J MacGregor et al in 2008 in “A Family of Offshore Construction Vessels”. At the other extreme, A Hunter in 1961 considered “Mainly on Small Ships and Fishing Vessels”, S Macdonald et al in 1975 considered ”RNLI Lifeboats in 1970s”, A Rosyid & R Johnson, of


ITS


Surabaya, presented in 2005 “Developing Sustainable Fishing Vessels for a Developing Country”, while I Parry in 2007 considered “A New Generation of


Inland


Waterway Maintenance Craft”, all these papers showing, once again, the variety of ship designs the profession continues to address.


4.2. SPECIFIC MERCHANT SHIP DESIGNS


The most significant set of papers on specific ship designs have probably been those by M Meek, showing how the cargo ship changed from the 1964 “Glenlyon Class –Design and Operation of High Powered Cargo Liners” through the ‘ultimate cargo liner design’ the “Priam Class Cargo Liners – Design and Operation” (1969 with R Adams) into the modern container ships, whose development could be said to have been started by the very innovative Encounter


Bays “First OCL


Container Ships”, presented in the year following the Priam paper and detailing the design impact of container handling and stowage. The series culminated in a mainly structural design paper on the large (274m), fast (26


©2010: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects


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