Feature 9 | ProPulsion
scale, such that Defence Equipment and
Support can assess the potential for AIP for new Turkish submarines
its use within Integrated Full Electric
Propulsion (IFEP) systems in future
surface combatants and submarines. in July a contract was signed in Ankara, Turkey, by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche
The Magnomatics PDD integrates Werft (HDW), part of ThyssenKrupp Marine systems (TKMs), and MarineForce
magnetic gearing within a brushless international (MFi) for the construction of six submarines under the Turkish
permanent magnet machine to enable navy’s new submarine programme.
superior electrical machine performance The contract comprises the delivery of six material packages for the
in low-speed, high continuous-torque construction of the submarines, which are based on HDW’s Class 214 design.
drive applications. A PDD solution The contract was concluded between the HDW/MFi Consortium and the
offers the potential for increased system Turkish defence procurement authority.
efficiency in a significantly more compact This makes Turkey the fourth country after Greece, south Korea and Portugal
package than other motor technologies, to adopt this type of submarine and raises the total number of units of this class
offering significant benefits over standard ordered to date to 21. Two of these boats are already fully operational with the
propulsion motors. south Korean navy.
Magnomatics has also developed The six Turkish submarines will be built by Gölçük naval shipyards (GnsY)
a mature range of gear technologies near izmit. The shipyard has already built 11 Class 209 submarines for HDW for
using the high-torque magnetic gear the the Turkish navy.
company has invented. These gears use interestingly, the new Turkish boats will also be equipped with an air
permanent magnets to transmit torque independent propulsion (AiP) system based on fuel cell technology. once
between an input and output shaft without they are in service, there will then be 36 submarines with HDW fuel cell
mechanical contact meaning they have propulsion systems in operation worldwide, underlining HDW’s market-
reduced maintenance, improved reliability leading position in the non-nuclear submarine market, and the increasingly
and higher efficiency than conventional widespread adoption of this particular form of AiP.
gears. This is the same technology used to The new Turkish Class 214 submarines will have a length of approximately
create the PDD. 66m, displacement of approximately 1800tonnes and a crew of 27 (+13).
Magnomatics pseudo-direct drive
technology offers outstanding reductions
in machine size and weight compared
with permanent-magnet and wound-field Describing other advantages of the permanent magnet machine, and results
electrical machines at the megawatt level PDD, Magnomatics also highlights its in a compact electrical drive that does
where a combination of low speed and ultra-high efficiency, which removes not require any ancillary lubrication
high torque is required. the need for ancillary cooling, reduced or cooling systems. The ultra-high
Magnomatics describes the main maintenance and improved reliability torque dense machine is suitable for
advantages of the PDD machine as: over mechanically geared drives, and a wide range of applications ranging
•
A power density of up to 6x water-cooled the possibility for two output shafts with from hybrid vehicle drives to direct drive
Direct-Drive machine; different rotational speeds. utility scale wind turbine and marine
•
Naturally cooled; Conventional electrical machines propulsion systems. Pseudo-direct drive
•
High power factor (>0.9); can only achieve a relatively low torque systems are highly flexible and can be
•
Conventional BLDC/BLAC power output due to the limits on magnetic and realised in radial-field, axial-field and
electronic drive; electrical stresses that can be used. For linear topologies.
•
Stealth (very low shaft-borne noise compact systems, mechanical gearing is The work for the MoD is due to be
transmission); and often required to match a high-speed/ completed by the end of March 2010,
•
Inherent overload protection. low-torque machine to its load, which at which point the MoD will decide
introduces the need for lubrication, whether to fund the project further, in
The PDD machine is a pioneering cooling, servicing and the potential order to advance the technology further.
extension of the low-ratio magnetic gear for catastrophic failure and jamming Chris Kirby, Managing Director of
and was invented and demonstrated by on overload. Magnomatics, said: “We are delighted
Magnomatics personnel in 2005. The The PDD machine is an elegant that the MoD has decided to thoroughly
technology combines the high torque and extremely compact magnetic and investigate the potential for the use of our
density of the magnetic gear and the mechanical integration of a low-ratio magnetically geared propulsion motors
functionality and performance of a magnetic gear and a brushless permanent within future marine vessels and we hope
brushless permanent magnet machine to magnet motor/generator. This integrated that this programme will successfully
offer unparalleled torque output for direct machine has torque density several quantify the envisaged size reduction and
drive applications. times greater than a high-performance performance benefits.” WT
50
Warship Technology October 2009
WT Magnomatics OCT09.indd 50 17/09/2009 11:33:43
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