≤Exercise C
1/2 This time students will hear good ways of contributing to a discussion. Follow the same procedure as for 1 and 2 in Exercise B above. This time they need to listen for the second speaker.
Again, when students have completed 1 and 2, feed back with the whole class, maybe building up a table on the board. If you wish, students can look at the transcript at the back of the Course Book.
3 Ask the whole class for other words or phrases that can be used for the strategy and add a third column to the table as below.
Answers Model answers:
See table on next page. Transcript
Extract 6
LECTURER: Let’s go back to this graph for the moment to see how it can help with classifying dreams by gender. First of all, tell us about the variables you chose.
LEILA: Well, first we wanted to find out what kind of dreams were most common in general and then whether men or women were more likely to have certain dreams than others. Didn’t we, Majed?
MAJED: Absolutely. Those were our only variables really. But we researched ten types of common dreams, so we ended up with a lot of information.
Extract 7
MAJED: We also made sure we matched genders in the interviews. Women interviewed women, and men interviewed men.
JACK: Sorry, I don’t follow. Could you possibly explain why that’s important?
MAJED: Well, basically we wanted to avoid embarrassment as far as possible.
Extract 8
EVIE: I don’t understand how you managed to get the same information from each of the people you interviewed. Didn’t they all have different dreams?
LEILA: Well, of course, people all have their own individual dreams, but many dreams have common themes. For example, lots of people dream they are being chased but can’t run fast enough to get away.
Extract 9
MAJED: Yes, that’s true. And what’s so interesting is that themes are common across genders and nationalities.
86 ≤1.28
JACK: If I understand you correctly, you’re saying that it doesn’t matter what sex you are or where you come from, you probably dream about the same things as your neighbour or your colleague at work.
MAJED: Yes, that’s right.
Extract 10 LECTURER: This is all very interesting, isn’t it?
EVIE: Yes, but if we just go back to the graph, we can see that some dreams, like being happy, are just as common for men and women. But isn’t it interesting to see how much more men dream about extraterrestrials than women do?
LEILA: Yes, isn’t it?
Extract 11 JACK: I think that’s silly. I mean, men and women are fundamentally the same.
MAJED: I’m not sure that’s true. I think men and women are brought up differently. So their dreams reflect different anxieties and insecurities.
Extract 12
LECTURER: So what do you think is the most important point about this graph?
EVIE: As Leila said earlier, it shows how dream themes are fairly evenly spread across the sexes, with a couple of exceptions.
Extract 13 LECTURER: Any other ideas?
JACK: I’m sorry. Has anybody made the point that even though themes may be universal, dreams are really about the individual?
LECTURER: Yes, actually. Leila did say that earlier, but it’s an important point.
Extract 14
LECTURER: So what else could you say about the graph?
EVIE: I don’t know if this is relevant, but there isn’t any information in the graph about the specific ages of the young people. Maybe 18-year-olds have different dreams from 24-year-olds.
LECTURER: Yes, that’s interesting. Perhaps that’s another way to analyze the data.
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