8 MENTAL DISORDERS: POPULAR MYTHS
8.4 Extending skills
Images of mental illness in films can increase discrimination.
Treatments for psychiatric disorders have advanced in recent years.
Exercise A
Set for individual work and pairwork checking. Remind students that they should try to construct sentences in a good ‘academic’ style. Also remind them to use passives where necessary/possible, and to look out for ways of making dependent clauses, such as relative pronouns, linking words, etc. They will also need to pay attention to forming correct verb tenses.
Feed back with the whole class. Answers
Possible answers:
A In conclusion, it can be said that a limited number of patients with severe mental illness commit violent crimes, but they are more likely to be victims than criminals.
B Studies into crime and psychiatric disorders have shown that patients are more likely to be victims of crime than perpetrators.
C However, the vast majority of mental illnesses are not linked to violent crime.
Lesson aims • expand notes into complex sentences • make an essay plan • write an essay Further practice in: • writing topic sentences • expanding a topic sentence into a paragraph • writing complex sentences with passives • identifying required essay type
Introduction
Remind students about complex and compound sentences – that is, sentences with more than one clause. Remind students that academic texts typically consist of sentences with several clauses. Give the following simple sentences (or make your own) and ask students to add some more clauses to them:
Mental illness is misunderstood.
Traditional beliefs are responsible for fear and prejudice.
The media propagates stereotypes of people with mental disorders.
Psychiatric disorders are not the cause of violent crime.
D Research has demonstrated that, although mental illness may be linked to a small number of violent crimes, drug and alcohol abuse are responsible for a much higher percentage.
E First, it is essential to identify the different types of mental disorder [that are] commonly associated with aggression.
F For many years, it has been a popular belief that people with mental disorders are violent and dangerous.
Exercise B
Set for individual work. Feed back with the whole class. Point out how this argument essay is organized, by first setting the background and defining terms. (See Skills bank for an alternative approach to comparison.)
If you wish, you could take this exercise further, asking students to build on the topic sentences by suggesting what ideas could follow the topic sentence in each paragraph. For this, they will need to refer to ideas in the text. Note that the details of the research are not fully discussed in the text, so ideas for this paragraph would need to be researched further. A Web search is a good place to start for this. Ask students to search for key words, such as ‘mental illness/violence/violent crime’, then limit the search to journals/recent articles.
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