92 SECTOR-BY-SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES
was also accompanied by a broad-based consultation with stakeholders. South Africa and Zimbabwe have their Black Economic Empowerment and indigenization policies, respectively, to increase the participation of black, ‘indigenous’ nationals in the industry.
Nigeria and South Africa have already incorporated Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), which hitherto operated on a voluntary basis, into law. The DRC, Ghana, Namibia and Tanzania are also seeking to include CSR within their policy framework in the future. There has also been an increase in the use of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) to ensure tests of sustainability are employed and quantified.
Need for public-private cooperation At the macro level, to improve confidence, investment and participation by the private sector, exchanges, foster trade bodies and public-private partnerships need to be created. Equally crucial is ensuring that small and medium-sized enterprises can play a larger role in the sector and that junior resource companies are developed.
A worker walks underground in South Deep mine outside Johannesburg, South Africa. Investment in infrastructure has reduced accident levels and increased output
Both collaboration and cooperation in the sector will
provide mutually supporting advantages in terms of competency, innovation and diversification. At the micro level, the Yaounde Vision has provided an excellent and widely praised model for managing the artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector. In the wake of the AMV, individual nations are
responsible for drawing up and implementing concrete action plans towards these goals, guided and measured by the AUC. The regional groupings of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) – which is focused on Francophone West Africa – have already made concrete steps towards implementing action plans in furtherance of the AMV, and have begun harmonizing their policy frameworks. The AMV is a blueprint that lays out the principles by
which individual nations and regional blocs can act, to ensure they maximize the lasting return of their mineral resources over their lifespan, in the context of the value chain as a whole and in a coordinated and mutually sustaining fashion. n
INVEST IN AFRICA 2011
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