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Equipped for the future with SMA know-how


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Providers of decentralized grid services and an intelligent interface to the supply grid: That describes the solar inverter of the future. The utility operators have also


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recognized that inverters are particularly predestined for the pending grid manage- ment responsibilities – and demand these system services to an ever greater extent. SMA makes an important contribution to this with its products.


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SMA inverter grid management functions 


   


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    


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 


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  


 


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  


 


 


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 


 


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     


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  


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c) Control of the reactive power via a characteristic curve The reactive power or the displacement factor is controlled by a pre-defined characteristic curve – depending on the active power fed into the grid or the grid voltage.


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Limited dynamic grid support The inverter feeds into the grid again immediately after short-term voltage drops – as long as the grid voltage is within a defined voltage range.


Dynamic grid support LVRT (Low-Voltage Ride Through): The inverter stays connected to the grid during voltage drops and supports the grid by feeding reactive power.


   


a) Dynamic specification of the reactive power by the utility operator The utility operator defines a dynamic displacement factor – any value between cos(ϕ)lead- ing= 0.90 und cos(ϕ)lagging= 0.90. It is transmitted via a communication unit. The SMA Power Reducer Box performs the evaluation.





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Remote-controlled power reduction in case of grid overload In order to avoid short-term grid overload, the grid operator presets a nominal active power value which the inverter will match within 60 seconds. The nominal value is transmitted to the inverters via a ripple control receiver in combination with the SMA Power Reducer Box. Typical thresholds are 100, 60, 30 or 0 per cent of the nominal power.





Frequency-dependent control of active power As of a grid frequency of 50.2 Hz, the inverter automatically reduces the active power output according to a definable characteristic curve, helping to stabilize the grid frequency.


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Static voltage support based on reactive power SMA inverters feed capacitive or inductive reactive power to the grid in order to stabilize the grid voltage. Three different modes are available:


a) Fixed specification of the reactive power by the utility operator The utility operator defines a fixed reactive power value or a fixed displacement factor be- tween cos(ϕ)leading= 0.90 and cos(ϕ)lagging= 0.90.


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