Introduction to Inverter Technology


Grounding the PV generator


Some module types require a connection to ground. Choosing an inverter with gal- vanic isolation (with transformer) offers maximum flexibility here. With the appro- priate grounding kit, the inverter can be customized to meet any imaginable rec- ommendation of the module manufacturer, even retrospectively (see Know-how section page 202).


Maximum energy yield


If the energy yield is to be maximized, then a transformerless inverter is the only solu- tion. In comparison to the galvanic isolating devices, SMA inverters with patented H5 topology (see the Know-how section, page 204) provide an approximately two per- cent greater energy yield without having to make cut-backs in personnel protection.


Grid feeding


Good grid compatibility means more than just grid-synchronized energy feeding. For smaller PV plants, the symmetrical distribu- tion of the feeding power across the three phases is adequate and the responsibility of the planner. For PV plants in the upper power range, SMA inverters support the grid management of grid operators with the SMA Power Balancer, three-phase feed- ing, reactive power capability and other options.


The listed examples show that diverse fac- tors have to be taken into consideration when designing a PV plant. Therefore we recommend our free Sunny Design plan- ning software for designing systems (see next page). It helps with optimization and makes the planner aware of critical com- binations.


Block circuit diagram of a three-phase inverter of the Sunny Tripower type


Block circuit diagram of a multi-string inverter without transformer


Block circuit diagram of a galvanic isolating inverter of the Sunny Boy HF series 11


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