Black raspberries stress response shapes
health benefits
Black raspberries contain cancer- “If you are going to create clinical control the production of plant prod- ries, increased as much as 15% as the
fighting properties, but how much products used to treat degenerative dis- ucts like antioxidants. It’s this process berries progressed through the last two
those compounds benefit the consumer eases, one of the things that becomes we are still trying to learn more about.” stages of ripening.”
may depend on environmental factors paramount is to have a consistent sup- Too much stress, however, can be a Scheerens said these two stages were
and cultural practices, according to ply of berries with a reproducible bad thing. Researchers found that at separated by 48 hours or less and could
Ohio State University research. amount of bioactive ingredients,” said production sites where the soil temper- be distinguished only by the “finger
Small-fruit specialists with the Ohio Scheerens, who is part of a “crop to ature was consistently high, antioxi- force” required to remove the berry.
Agricultural Research and clinic” research project at Ohio State dant levels were the lowest. “Agricultural scientists now have ample
Development Center analyzed four using berries to prevent or slow the “It could be that the stress from con- evidence that relationships among culti-
common black raspberry cultivars at development of certain cancers of the sistently high soil temperatures is too vars, growing conditions, cultural practices
eight production sites throughout Ohio mouth, throat and digestive tract. “In much for the plant to overcome and and post-harvest conditions affect the
and found varying levels of antioxi- addition, if we understand how the antioxidant accumulation is actually antioxidant levels in many fruit and veg-
dants. The findings suggest that phy- plant reacts to cultural or environmen- inhibited,” said Scheerens, whose team etable crops,” Scheerens said. “It will take
tonutrient properties may be influenced tal stresses, we can couple this informa- is currently conducting research to ver- several years of research to obtain a clear
by how the crop is grown and harvest- tion with current medical research to ify its preliminary findings. picture of these events, but we know from
ed and by the environmental and soil guide farmers on how to produce Researchers also found that the state our initial studies that it will be important
conditions present at the growing site. berries that provide the optimum of fruit “ripeness” has an impact on to do so. In black raspberries, we are just
The study, “Antioxidant Capacity health benefits.” antioxidant content, suggesting that beginning to unravel this story, and it will
and Phenolic Antioxidants of Scheerens and his colleagues specu- harvest timing is important in deter- be an interesting journey.”
Midwestern Black Raspberries Grown late that environmental stresses such as mining levels of phytonutrients avail- The cultivars ‘Bristol,’ ‘Jewel,’
for Direct Markets Are Influenced by heat, light and water availability play a able in the fruit. ‘MacBlack’ and ‘Haut’ were used in the
Production Site,” was published in a big role in antioxidant production and “Site to site variability in antioxidant study. The research was supported by
recent issue of the journal of at what levels. levels also seemed to be related to dif- U.S. Department of Agriculture funding.
HortScience. Joe Scheerens, OARDC “The plants don’t produce the ferences in fruit ripeness at harvest as To learn more about functional foods
horticulture and crop science antioxidants for us. Anytime the plants estimated by the levels of sugars and and how they can enhance health and
researcher, said the findings might help feel stressed, they make antioxidants,” acids we measured,” Scheerens said. quality of life, log on to Ohio State
growers produce berries with optimum Scheerens said. “But how a plant like “When we explored this relationship University’s Center for Advanced
cancer-fighting compounds, both for the black raspberry reacts to environ- with additional research, we found that Functional Foods Research and
use in medical studies as well as for mental conditions is complex and anthocyanins, the pigments that are the Entrepreneurship (CAFFRE) at
purchase by the general consumer. involves the regulation of genes that primary antioxidants in black raspber-
fst.osu.edu/caffre/.
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24Crops • Ohio’s Country Journal • April 2009
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