Four Point Bend Tests
SET 1 Thus, in order to identify the flexural properties of simply supported beams, it is common practice to conduct three- or four-point bend tests. Flexural properties of many automotive-related castings are of great importance. For this research, the method of four-point bend testing was chosen over that of the three-point, as the maximum load is evenly distrib- uted between the top forces (re- ferred to as the center span here- after) rather than concentrated at the point of ap- plication of the top force.9-10
With
the even distribu- tion of the load, a more accurate analysis of the cause of failure can be performed on the specimen, as fracture gener- ally will not oc- cur at the same location for each test. The follow- ing results were obtained from each of the tests:
• deflection at break • load at break and yield • time at yield • true stress and strain at break.
Two sets of mechanical tests were conducted throughout the progression of this work. All plates were tested in the as-cast condition on an Instron 5869 load cell with a default load- ing rate of 0.001 in./second (0.0254 mm/second). The first
(a) ” and “MH
(b)
Figure 7. Specimen locations for each of the plates in Set 2 (not drawn to scale): (a) Entire plate with overall dimensions and reference to outer region excluded for edge effects (see margins “MV
”); (b) Specimen area with dimensions and location of the 16 test specimens.
(a)
(b)
Figure 8. (a) Locations of bend test specimens in the B plate within and outside of the confluence weld area (not drawn to scale); (b) Locations of bend test specimens in the A1 plate shown at the left edge of the plate.
International Journal of Metalcasting/Spring 2012 71
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