| guest editorial
International Journal of Aesthetic and Anti-Ageing Medicine Informa Healthcare, 119 Farringdon Road, London, EC1R 3DA, UK
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Dr Christophe de Jaeger
longevity expert; president of the french society of physiology and longevity Medicine; vice president for europe of the WosiaM;
department of senescence physiology, european institute for longevity paris, france
priMe journal editorial board Board MeMBer SpecialiSM
Dr Claude Dalle
Dr Wilmar Accursio Dr Pierre Andre Dr Ashraf Badawi
Anti-ageing & aesth. medicine France Endocrinologist Dermatology Dermatology
France Egypt
Dr Janethy Balakrishnan Dermatology Dr Lakhdar Belhaouari Dr Philippe Berros Dr Dario Bertossi
Plastic surgery
Oculoplastic surgery Maxillofacial surgery
Dr Jean Christophe Bichet Plastic surgery Dr Philippe Blanchemaison Phlebology Dr Pierre Bouhanna Dr Fahd Benslimane Prof Wayne Carey
Dr Claude Chauchard Dr Olivier Claude
Dr Christophe de Jaeger Geriatrics Prof Ilaria Ghersetich Dr Monika Golkova Dr Raul Gonzalez Prof Eckart Haneke Dr Steven Hopping Prof Xiaoyan Jiang
Dermatology Neurologist
Plastic surgery Dermatology Plastic surgery Genetics
Prof Andreas Katsambas Dermatology
Dermatology – Hair surgery Plastic Surgeon Dermatology
Anti-ageing medicine Plastic surgery
Malaysia France
Monaco Italy
France France France
Morocco Canada France France France Italy
Czech Republic Brazil
Germany USA
Canada Greece
country Brazil
Board MeMBer SpecialiSM Dr Mario Krause
Dr David Lai
Dr Marina Landau Dr Jean-Luc Levy Dr Sohail Mansoor Prof Leonardo Marini Dr Georges Mouton Dr Ruben Muhlberger Prof Daniel Pella Dr Vincenzo Penna
Prof Ascanio Polimeni Dr Herve Raspaldo Dr Constantin Stan Dr Pakpilai Thavisin Dr Mario Trelles Dr Ines Verner Dr Octavio Viera
Prof Bernard Weber Prof Alfred Wolf Christophe Luino Catherine Decuyper Wendy Lewis
Anti-ageing medicine Anti-ageing medicine Dermatology Dermatology Dermatology Dermatology
Sports medicine
Anti-ageing medicine Cardiology
Dr Chariya Petchngaovilai Dermatology Dr Eric Plot
Plastic surgery Plastic surgery
Neuro-endocrinology Facial plastic surgery Plastic surgery
country Germany
Hong Kong Israel
France UK
Italy Belgium
Argentina Slovakia Germany Thailand France Italy
France
Dermatology & Anti-ageing medicine Thailand Plastic surgery Dermatology
Israel
Anti-ageing medicine; pediatry Spain Genetician
Gynaecology USA
Luxembourg Germany
Industry expert & consultant France Industry expert & consultant France Industry expert
prime-journal.com | November/December 2011 ❚ 5
Romania Spain
and particularly oxidative stress and glycation. However, there is probably no unique biological process which would explain the origin and
l
consequences of ageing. While stochastic theories call on unpredictable punctual isolated events, as the transfer of genes, the systematic theories call on successions chained by events. in genetic theories, we especially speak about programmed ageing, about a scheduled life expectancy, or about a biological clock — as if there were an internal meter in the cell. it seems that such a meter exists in the extremities of the chromosome in the form of the ‘telomere’. rather, ageing occurs because of the extensive absence of adaptive genomic information required for
survival to, and function at, later adult ages, owing to the declining forces of natural selection during adult life. first of all, darren J. Baker, published a very interesting article in which he shows that cellular senescence is causally implicated in generating age-related phenotypes and that removal of senescent cells can prevent or delay tissue dysfunction and extend the lifespan (Nature, november 2011). in another study, Jean-Marc lemaitre showed that senescent and centenarian-derived pluripotent stem cells are able to redifferentiate into fully rejuvenated cells in using genetic reprogramming. these latest publications again show the importance of genetic mechanisms and immunology in
ageing, but it is also just one part of the human ageing mechanism. and of course, impossible to use in the human being. on the other hand, among ageing theories, stochastic theories confer a key role to the reactive oxygen
species leading to molecular cumulative oxidative damage to cell targets responsible for aeging. thus, an oxidative stress occurs during ageing; this stress is defined as an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant defences (enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems). physiologic ageing is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon. over 300 theories were revealed by
russian gerontologist Zhores Medvedev. all those different theories are not in contradiction, but are reflecting the different fields of their authors. We are currently working on a global and unitary theory that we will be able to present in a future article..
ife expectation is constantly increasing in developed countries, and tends to get closer to the maximum longevity of the human race. this will, of course, add to major social and economic problems. But this dramatic perspective should not draw us back from trying to explain this almost universal phenomenon that is human ageing. there are a number of explanatory theories of the phenomenon of ageing at both the cellular and molecular level through different hypotheses, whether genetic or not genetic,
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