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H R L A1 R esistivity 0 6 6 0


G amma R ay gAP I


Caliper in .


E CS Sigma cu


0 Caving


Depth, m


2 0 0 1 6 H R L A4 R esistivity 1 .9 5 0 .2


H R L A5 R esistivity ohm-m


2 0 0 0 .4 5 H R L A2 R esistivity H R L A3 R esistivity


Density g/ cm3


P orosity m3 / m3


2 .9 5 -0 .1 5 2 .5


P yrite Carbonate


Q uartz Clay


Siderite Coal


Density g/ cm3


3 .0 0 .3 0 .3 0 .3


T2 Cutoff ms


L og T2 M ean ms


T2 Distribution ms


Scanning the Horizon 3 ,0 0 0 3 ,0 0 0 3 ,0 0 0


The Sonic Scanner tool is a new development, and engineers, geologists and petrophysicists are still finding new ways to use its data. By adding the radial dimension and multiple depths of investigation to the well-known axial and azimuthal sonic measurements, the Sonic Scanner tool performs enhanced characteri- zation of acoustic properties in inhomogeneous and anisotropic formations. With this infor- mation, customers are able to predict how formations and fluids will behave during drilling, stimulation and production. The innovative tool design with predictable acoustics delivers waveforms of excellent quality and at a wide frequency range. These capabilities allow slowness estimation in extremely slow formations, measuring azimuthal anisotropy as small as 1 to 2% , and reliable application of low- frequency Stoneley modes for


fluid-mobility X ,9 0 0


estimation and evaluation of natural fractures. Advanced quality control with slowness- frequency analysis adds confidence to slowness estimates obtained by dispersion analysis. Complete recording of all data from monopole and dipole sources to 104 receivers distributed azimuthally around the tool removes uncertainties about formation geometry and structure and improves through-casing and cement evaluation. Current capabilities obtain only monopole compressional and shear data in cased hole. One area of future advancement will be to extend current openhole applications to cased wells.


1 -m coal bed


Additional applications will arise as more companies gain experience with the Sonic Scanner tool and the high-quality data it produces. While it is difficult to predict how the rest of the oil and gas industry will evolve, sonic- logging enthusiasts anticipate another 5 0 years of investigations in and around the borehole.


— LS


X ,9 2 5


> Petrophy sical logs from the Norsk Hy dro w ell in the Haltenb ank en area of the Norw egian Sea, show ing the 1-m coal b ed delineated b y sonic im aging. Platform Ex press resistivity logs ( Track 2) and density and porosity logs ( Track 3 ) are input, along w ith ECS Elem ental Capture Spectroscopy data to derive m ineralogy ( Track 4 ) . Nuclear m agnetic resonance data appear in Track 5 .


Spring 2006


31


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