Air Monitoring
14181 monitoring). These approvals cover the analysers used for measurement and in certain cases the complete extraction and heating system as well.
Extractive systems are more complex than standard in-situ tech- niques (such as opacity and probe electrification) and require careful location to ensure representative measurement as well as maintenance to keep the sampling system free from contamination over extended periods of time. As such, in dry industrial stacks where there are alternative approaches, they are rarely used. However, for wet stack applications, they provide a proven method to monitor particulate levels according to legislative compliance requirements.
Indicative monitors are used in processes where it is not necessary to report emissions in mg/m3
but simply to provide a reliable indication
and warning should the wet collector efficiency change significantly. Two common techniques used are:
1) pH and level of water
In this approach the pH of the collected water from the wet collector is monitored along with the level of the discharge water reservoir. Should either of these change dramatically this is an indication that the wet collector efficiency is changing. This technique is often suggested in the US as a solution for Compliance Assurance Monitoring of Wet Collector efficiency as required in many Title V plant.
Probe Electrification sensors may be installed in the discharge of wet collectors where the ‘knock out plates’ reduce the water droplet levels so that there is no water running down the stack walls. This type of instrument responds to both particles and water droplets (since both carry charge) and hence a condition which results in an increase in water or particles can be reliably detected. This technique is applicable to the aggressive conditions in a wet stack since provided the rod insulator is kept clean (with air purge) the condition and contamination of the rod surface does not affect instrument response.
2) Increase in charge activity ElectroDynamicTM
In cases where the water content is very low and the gas stream is just at the dew point (ie after process driers, users have found that the results of the instrument with an insulated sensor, may be correlated to mg/m3
emissions from the process in a cost effective manner. Graph 1
The spikes in Graph 1 are due to bursts of particulate matter generated by the monitored process, evident only because an interfering and overwhelming signal from water droplets has been removed by droplet evaporation in the heated chamber.
Indicative Monitoring Approaches
The other approach to wet collector monitoring is to implement a simpler pragmatic method to detect changes in wet collector efficiency.
Summary
With the increasing environmental pressure to continuously monitor emissions from industrial stacks and the recent resurgence of wet collector technology associated with FGD plant, the need for effective wet stack particle monitoring has increasing importance. Extractive techniques using Beta and Light scattering sensors are proven for high accuracy compliance requirements and other methodologies may be used for indicative monitoring or changing wet collector efficiency.
23
ElectroDynamicTM
sensor installed in Engine Plant wet collector
AUTHOR DETAILS
William Averdieck Managing Director PCME Ltd
Clearview Building 60 Edison Road St Ives, Cambs PE27 3GH, UK Tel: +44 (0) 1480 468200 Fax: +44 (0) 1480 463400 Email:
williama@pcme.co.uk Web:
www.pcme.co.uk
New Reporting Software for Waste Incinerators
Opsis (Sweden) has developed new software for reporting of emissions according to the EC directive for waste incinerators (2000/76/EC). The software is called EnviMan and meets the re-quirements set by the EC authorities. The software is also capable of handling similar reports, such as reporting to local authorities.
EnviMan generates reports in Excel format by using templates. It is an easy task for the user to modify the standard withheld templates to customise the reports. The reports are separated into daily reports with 10 minute, 30 minute and hourly averages. EnviMan also generates weekly reports, monthly reports and yearly reports based on daily averages and exceeding values according to the EC directive. See Opsis at CEM 2009 Stand 16.
Reader Reply Card no 72
New In-Situ Gas Analysis
In dangerous locations, it’s better to look but not to touch. The GM 32, the new system for CEMS gas analysis from Sick (Germany) does just that. It measures Ammonia, Sulphur Dioxide and Nitric Oxide directly in aggressive stack conditions. Without making contact with the gas. By means of UV spectroscopy, protected by a robust case. You get precise measurements at temperatures up to 500o
C (932o F). There is no need for constant maintenance. No need to
change filters. No need for test gases. No residues in gas tubing. The GM 32: simply plug and play. See Sick at CEM 2009 stand 3.
Battery and power operator sampler Reader Reply Card no 73
Visit us at CEM 2009 Stand 32
Main characteristics:
The following pages will focus on Continuous Emissions Monitoring.
Many of the companies featured will also be exhibiting and presenting their products in Italy at
CEM 2009 We control the ambient air quality since 1974
- In accordance with official method EN12919 - External power supply 110/220 Vac without any adapter and 12 Vdc with Delta Battery Pack
- Integrated dry gas meter version available - Operating flow range 0.2 - 25 l/min without any external device - Battery consumption optimized according to the sampling flow rate
- Electronic controlled flow rate at standard and actual conditions - Adjustable flow rate during sampling mode without any stop - Logging of more than 60 sampling reports - Less than 11 kg including battery pack
www.tecora.it Reader Reply Card no 74
Via Volta 22 - 20094 Corsico (Milan) - Italy Tel. +39 02.4505501 Fax +39 02.48601811
tcrtec@tecora.it
info@tecora.it
Annual Buyers Guide 2009
IET
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