33
ODS BANKS REDUCTION POTENTIAL BY 2015
ODS BANKS REDUCTION POTENTIAL BY 2015
CFC and HCFC banks in refrigeration and air-conditioning
represent a cost-effective means of protecting the ozone
BY SUBSTANCE BY SECTOR
Million tonnes of
layer and climate system, because the technology is avail-
CO
2
-equivalent
able and the chemicals are reachable (with the exception of per year
insulation foams where destruction is more complicated).
1 200 Medical aerosol
Simply destroying the most cost-effective banks in refrig-
Foams
eration and air-conditioning units at end-of-life, starting in
Transport refrigeration
2008, could have accelerated the return of the ozone layer
CFCs 10%
Industrial refrigeration
by up to two years. Domestic refrigeration
1 100
According to the graph below, the costs of avoiding a giv-
en amount of GHG emissions by destroying ODS are lower
than the average price of the same amount on the official
15 %
Mobile
carbon market. It is therefore cheaper to destroy ODS than
1 000
air conditioning
to take other measures to avoid GHG emissions.
Advocates of controlled destruction point out the unique op-
HCFCs 28%
portunity to hit a double target and call for the allocation of
900
funding to support developing (Article-5) countries in manag-
ing and destroying their ODS banks. Quick action is needed
because the longer we wait, the more ODS will escape un-
17%
Stationary
controlled into the air and reduce the potential benefits.
800
air conditioning
Another measure providing quick results is to improve the
efficiency of the equipment in place and avoid leakages.
Commercial refrigeration systems are characterized by sig-
nificant leakage (15–30% of annual charge).
700
600
25% HFC-23 by-product
500
DESTRO
DESTROYING ODS BANKS:
YING ODS BANKS:
A CHEAP W
A CHEAP WAY TO MITIGATE CLIMATE CHANGE
400
AY TO MITIGATE CLIMATE CHANGE
HFCs 62%
Average destruction cost
(“Low effort” estimates) Developed
Dollars per tonne of CO
(Non-Article 5) countries
300
2
-equivalent
Commercial
Developing
refrigeration
(Article 5) countries
30
Domestic refrigeration
200
34 %
Commercial
25
On the Carbon Market,
refrigeration
22 dollars is the average
price of one tonne of
20 ALL
GhG emissions avoided
SECTORS
Transport
in developing countries.*
refrigeration 100
15
Stationary
air conditioning
10
Fire protection
Industrial
refrigeration
0
5
Mobile air
conditioning If no reduction measures were taken, 2009-2015 emissions
from ODS banks could exceed all reductions achieved
0
in 4 years under the Kyoto Protocol (2008-2012).
* Under Kyoto’s Clean Development Mechanism, average for 2005-2008 in CO
2
-equivalent.
Sources: IPCC/TEAP Special Report, “Safeguarding the ozone layer and the global
Source: Institute for Governance & Sustainable Development, Frequently asked questions
climate system”, 2005 ; Environmental Investigation Agency, Recovery and destruction
about destroying ozone-depleting substance banks under the Montreal Protocol, 2009.
of ODS banks: Immediate action for Global climate protection, July 2009.
Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28  |  Page 29  |  Page 30  |  Page 31  |  Page 32  |  Page 33  |  Page 34  |  Page 35  |  Page 36  |  Page 37  |  Page 38  |  Page 39  |  Page 40  |  Page 41  |  Page 42  |  Page 43  |  Page 44  |  Page 45  |  Page 46